Culture-related grief beliefs of Chinese Shidu parents: Development and psychometric properties of a new scale.

Abstract:

:Background: In China, parents whose only-child dies and who have no living or adopted child are called Shidu parents. Negative thinking is assumed to contribute to the development of emotional problems in bereavement. Because grief cognitions are likely influenced by the concepts of Chinese traditional culture (e.g., family continuation), Shidu parents may hold specific culture-related grief beliefs about themselves or the world, which, in turn, could impede their recovery. Objective: This study developed a questionnaire assessing the culture-related grief beliefs of Shidu parents and examined its psychometric properties. Methods: This newly developed questionnaire was administered to the combined sample of 313 Shidu parents. Exploratory (n = 164) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 149) were conducted. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed three distinct factors (filial piety belief, destiny belief and perceived stigma), generating a nine-item culture-related grief beliefs of Shidu parents questionnaire (CBSQ). Confirmatory factor analysis verified the three-factor structure (χ2(24) = 39.103, p = 0.027, χ2/df = 1.630, CFI = .980, TLI = .970, RMSEA = .065, SRMR = .052). Internal consistency and temporal stability were adequate. Convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity were supported. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of extending the concept of grief cognitions to include culture-specific beliefs, and provides a first measurement tool to assess culture-related grief beliefs after only-child loss, which can be used in future research with Shidu parents. :Antecedentes: En China, los padres quienes fallece su único hijo y no tienen hijos vivos o adoptados son llamados padres Shidu. Se asume que el pensamiento negativo contribuye a problemas emocionales en el duelo. Dado que las cogniciones del duelo son probablemente influenciadas por los conceptos de la cultura tradicional China (por ejemplo, continuación de la familia), los padres Shidu pueden mantener creencias del duelo específicas relacionadas a la cultura acerca de sí mismos o el mundo, las cuales, a su vez, podrían impedir su recuperación.Objetivo: Este estudio desarrolló un cuestionario de evaluación de las creencias del duelo relacionadas a la cultura de los padres Shidu y examinó sus propiedades psicométricas.Métodos: Este cuestionario recientemente desarrollado fue administrado a la muestra combinada de 313 padres Shidu. Se realizaron análisis factoriales exploratorio (n=164) y confirmatorio (n=149). Se evaluó las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario.Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio reveló tres factores distintos (creencia de devoción filial, creencia en el destino y estigma percibido), generando un cuestionario de 9 ítems de creencias del duelo relacionadas a la cultura en padres Shidu (CBSQ, por su sigla en inglés). El análisis de factores confirmatorio verificó la estructura de tres factores (χ2(24) = 39.103, p= 0.027, χ2/df = 1.630, CFI = .980, TLI = .970, RMSEA = .065, SRMR = .052). La consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal fueron adecuadas. Fueron corroboradas la validez convergente, discriminante y concurrente.Conclusiones: Este estudio destaca la importancia de extender el concepto de cogniciones del duelo para incluir creencias específicas a la cultura, y provee una primera herramienta de medición para evaluar las creencias del duelo específicas a la cultura luego de la pérdida de un hijo único, el que puede ser usado en investigaciones futuras con padres Shidu. :背景:在中国,失独父母指的是独生子女死亡且没有收养子女的父母。消极的认知会促进丧亲后情绪问题的发生。由于哀伤认知可能会受到中国传统文化观念(如家族延续)的影响,失独父母可能对自己或世界持有文化特异性的哀伤信念,这种信念可能会阻碍他们的康复。目的:本研究将编制一份问卷评估失独父母的文化相关的哀伤信念,并检验该问卷的信效度指标。方法:使用新开发的调查问卷是对313名失独父母进行调查,进行了探索性(n=164)和验证性因子分析(n=149),并评估问卷的心理测量属性。结果:探索性因素分析揭示了三个不同的因素(孝道信念,命运信念和歧视知觉)。最后得到九个题目的考察失独父母与文化相关的哀伤信念的问卷(CBSQ)。验证性因子分析证实了三因子结构(χ2(24)=39.103,p=0.027,χ2/df=1.630,CFI=.980,TLI=.970,RMSEA=.065,SRMR=.052)。内部一致性和时间稳定性都足够好。支持聚合、区分和同时效度。结论:本研究强调了将哀伤认知的概念扩展到包括特定文化信念的重要性,并提供了第一个评估失独后与文化相关的哀伤信念的测量工具,可用于未来失独父母的研究。.

journal_name

Eur J Psychotraumatol

authors

Shi G,Wen J,Xu X,Zhou N,Wang J,Shi Y,Liu H,Wang J,Stelzer EM

doi

10.1080/20008198.2019.1626075

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-06-28 00:00:00

pages

1626075

issue

1

issn

2000-8066

pii

1626075

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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