Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a debilitating disease associated with extensive disfigurement and is one of a diverse group of diseases referred to as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which mainly occur among the poorest populations. In line with global recommendations to eliminate LF, Kenya launched its LF elimination programme in 2002 with the aim to implement annual mass drug administration (MDA) in order to interrupt LF transmission. However, the programme faced financial and administrative challenges over the years such that sustained annual MDA was not possible. Recently, there has been renewed interest to eliminate LF and the Kenyan Ministry of Health, through support from World Health Organization (WHO), restarted annual MDA in 2015. The objective of this study was to evaluate the current status of LF infection in the endemic coastal region of Kenya before MDA campaigns were restarted. RESULTS:Ten sentinel sites in Kwale, Kilifi, Tana River, Lamu, and Taita-Taveta counties in coastal Kenya were selected for participation in a cross-sectional survey of LF infection prevalence. At least 300 individuals in each sentinel village were sampled through random house-to-house visits. During the day, the point-of-care immunochromatographic test (ICT) was used to detect the presence of Wuchereria bancrofti circulating filarial antigen in finger prick blood samples collected from residents of the selected sentinel villages. Those individuals who tested positive with the ICT test were requested to provide a night-time blood sample for microfilariae (MF) examination. The overall prevalence of filarial antigenaemia was 1.3% (95% CI: 0.9-1.8%). Ndau Island in Lamu County had the highest prevalence (6.3%; 95% CI: 4.1-9.7%), whereas sites in Kilifi and Kwale counties had prevalences < 1.7%. Mean microfilarial density was also higher in Ndau Island (234 MF/ml) compared to sentinel sites in Kwale and Kilifi counties (< 25 MF/ml). No LF infection was detected in Tana River and Taita-Taveta counties. Overall, more than 88% of the study participants reported to have used a bed net the previous night. CONCLUSIONS:Prevalence of LF infection is generally very low in coastal Kenya, but there remain areas that require further rounds of MDA if the disease is to be eliminated as a public health problem in line with the ongoing global elimination efforts. However, areas where there was no evidence of LF transmission should be considered for WHO-recommended transmission assessment surveys in view of stopping MDA.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Njenga SM,Kanyi HM,Mutungi FM,Okoyo C,Matendechero HS,Pullan RL,Halliday KE,Brooker SJ,Wamae CN,Onsongo JK,Won KYdoi
10.1186/s13071-017-2044-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-22 00:00:00pages
99issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
10.1186/s13071-017-2044-5journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The common cockle Cerastoderma edule plays an important ecological role in the marine ecosystem both as an infaunal engineer (reef forming and bioturbation) and a food source for protected bird species in its European range. Cockle beds are found in close proximity to aquaculture and fisheries operations, wh...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04373-y
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Ixodes ricinus constitutes the main European vector tick for the Lyme borreliosis pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato), the relapsing fever borrelia Borrelia miyamotoi, as well as Anaplasma phagocytophilum and several Rickettsia species. Under laboratory conditions, a transovarial transmission to the n...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-127
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Canine dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria immitis is known to be endemic in continental Portugal. However, information about the transmitting mosquito species is still scarce, with only Culex theileri identified to date, albeit with L1-2, through dissection. This study was carried out to investigate the poten...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-200
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-10-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-223
更新日期:2014-05-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04595-8
更新日期:2021-01-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-366
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3491-y
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Bartonella alsatica has been formerly isolated from the blood of wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and identified as causative agent of human endocarditis and lymphadenitis. Fleas are known biological vectors for Bartonella sp. This report details the specific detection of B. alsatica in three fle...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0664-1
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04424-4
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3224-7
更新日期:2018-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is one of the most economically deleterious ectoparasites affecting egg-laying hens worldwide. It may be possible to control D. gallinae populations by manipulating lighting regimes within poultry units. However, no studies have clearly shown the effects of d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3456-1
更新日期:2019-05-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04218-8
更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Small ruminants are important hosts for various tick species and tick-associated organisms, many of which are zoonotic. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence of tick-borne protozoans and bacteria of public health and veterinary significance in goats and wild Siberian roe deer (Capreolus ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3553-1
更新日期:2019-06-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1810-0
更新日期:2016-09-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-35
更新日期:2008-09-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1359-y
更新日期:2016-02-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-218
更新日期:2011-11-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Angiostrongylus cantonensis has been the only parasite among Angiostrongylidae to cause human central nervous system infection characterized by eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis. The mechanism of the extensive neurological impairments of hosts caused by A. cantonensis larvae remains unclear. The...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2565-y
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1198-2
更新日期:2015-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of inland valley swamps for vegetable crop agriculture contributes to food security in urban and less urbanized settings in Africa. The impact of this agriculture on aggressive mosquitoes' diversity and malaria transmission in central Africa is poorly documented. This study is aimed at assessing the ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0906-2
更新日期:2015-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Different species of apicomplexan protozoans of the genera Hepatozoon and Cytauxzoon can infect domestic cats, but their epidemiology and clinical relevance are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the molecular prevalence of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon spp. and to identify associated...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2056-1
更新日期:2017-03-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) greatly affects livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana prevalence of AAT is estimated to range between 5 and 50%. Studies have reported serum biochemical aberrations and variability in cytokine profiles in animals during infection. However, information regar...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2255-9
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leishmaniasis represents an important public health problem in Brazil. The continuous process of urbanization and expansion of human activities in forest areas impacts natural habitats, modifying the ecology of some species of Leishmania, as well as its vectors and reservoirs and, consequently, changes the e...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2742-7
更新日期:2018-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A blinded, randomized, negative controlled laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of lotilaner (CredelioTM, Elanco) when administered orally to dogs, against experimentally induced adult flea infestations and flea egg production. METHODS:Twenty dogs were selected for the study and allocated...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3873-1
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00