Abstract:
:Genetic variation among malaria parasites has important consequences with regard to drug resistance, pathogenicity, immunity, transmission, and speciation. In this regard, malaria parasites have been shown to display a high degree of inter- and intra-species genetic divergence. The nuclear genomes of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii, and Plasmodium gallinaceum are vastly divergent yet share a similar codon usage and total A/T content of approximately 82%. This is in contrast to other primate-specific species including P. vivax which have an A/T content of approximately 67%. To assess the effects of this evolutionary divergence on the conservation of gene content, organization, and codon usage in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of malaria parasites, we have cloned and sequenced the mitochondrial genome of Plasmodium vivax, and compared it with the mtDNAs of P. falciparum, P. yoelii, and P. gallinaceum. The P. vivax mitochondrial genome was found to be 5990 base pairs in length, and displayed a gene organization identical to that of P. falciparum, P. yoelii, and P. gallinaceum. Furthermore, there was a remarkable 90% conservation of sequence identity between the mitochondrial genomes of all four species. As an example of intra-species conservation, comparison of mtDNAs from two independently cloned P. falciparum isolates, Malay Camp and C10, revealed only a single nucleotide substitution. A/T content of the P. vivax mitochondrial genome was found to be identical to other species of Plasmodium, hence, we have postulated that the mitochondrial genomes of malaria parasites were refractory to the evolutionary shifts in nucleotide content seen among the nuclear genomes of malaria parasites. Among different Plasmodium species, the second position of mitochondrial codons were found to be the least prone to substitutions and displayed a significant bias in pyrimidines. These aspects of mitochondrial codon usage were distinct from the nuclear genome and may reflect functional aspects of decoding by the mitochondrial translational system.
journal_name
Mol Biochem Parasitoljournal_title
Molecular and biochemical parasitologyauthors
McIntosh MT,Srivastava R,Vaidya ABdoi
10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00093-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-01 00:00:00pages
69-80issue
1eissn
0166-6851issn
1872-9428pii
S0166-6851(98)00093-0journal_volume
95pub_type
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journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
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journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.09.012
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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