Modulatory and direct effects of propofol on recombinant GABAA receptors expressed in xenopus oocytes: influence of alpha- and gamma2-subunits.

abstract：:Using a co-culture model, we showed that diffusible factors from arcuate nucleus (AN) specifically increased the number and the size of hypothalamic neurons producing melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). In this model neurite outgrowth and contacts between MCH neurons and dopaminergic neurons were also prominently inc...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Compagnone N,Fellmann D,Bugnon C,Jaquemard C

更新日期：1993-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Choline is an essential nutrient whose availability during the second half of gestation produces long-lasting cognitive effects. Rats that obtain supplemental choline during embryonic day (E) 11-17 have enhanced depolarization-evoked acetylcholine (ACh) release from hippocampal slices, whereas choline deficiency durin...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Napoli I,Blusztajn JK,Mellott TJ

更新日期：2008-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphological alterations occurring in Schwann cells of unmyelinated fibers (unmyelinated Schwann cells) were investigated in the sciatic nerve of the twicher mouse, a murine model of human globoid cell leukodystrophy. After postnatal day 10, the number of Schwann cell-axon units gradually increased and the number of ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tanaka K,Nagara H,Kobayashi T,Goto I,Suzuki K

更新日期：1989-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunohistochemical and retrograde tracing techniques were combined to demonstrate the occurrence of displaced ganglion cells (DGCs) exhibiting substance P-like immunoreactivity (SP-LI) in the pigeon retina. Following injections of rhodamine-labeled latex microspheres into the nucleus of the basal optic root (accessor...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Britto LR,Hamassaki DE

更新日期：1991-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro evidence indicates that norepinephrine release in the mammalian hippocampus is modulated by glutamate receptors. With the use of microdialysis, we have now evaluated the role of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the regulation of hippocampal norepinephrine output in vivo. Stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dazzi L,Matzeu A,Biggio G

更新日期：2011-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The purposes of this study were to examine responses of superficial (depth <300 microm) and deeper thoracic spinal neurons to chemical stimulation of cardiac afferents and effects of descending influences on these neurons. Extracellular potentials of single T(3)-T(4) neurons were recorded in pentobarbital anesthetized...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Qin C,Chandler MJ,Miller KE,Foreman RD

更新日期：2003-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Malignant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (M-SHRSP) develop hypertension and stroke at earlier ages than do nonmalignant SHRSP. Our previous findings suggested that reactive oxygen species were involved in the development of stroke in this strain. Nitric oxide (NO) which is more released at ischemia, migh...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tabuchi M,Umegaki K,Ito T,Suzuki M,Tomita I,Ikeda M,Tomita T

更新日期：2002-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The localization of the two Ca-activated extralysosomal proteases m-calpain and mu-calpain in the eye of the adult rabbit was examined by immunohistochemistry, using poly- and monoclonal antibodies against the corresponding rabbit antigens. Immunoreactivity against the two forms of calpains was observed in the epithel...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Persson H,Kawashima S,Karlsson JO

更新日期：1993-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) biphasically affects performance in tests of learning and memory. In the present study, we used CRF, urocortin (Ucn), a recently cloned CRF homologue, and CRF receptor antagonists, to determine which CRF receptor subtype(s) mediate...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zorrilla EP,Schulteis G,Ormsby A,Klaassen A,Ling N,McCarthy JR,Koob GF,De Souza EB

更新日期：2002-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Stereotaxic microinjections of the excitotoxin, ibotenic acid, were made into the striatum, hippocampus or cerebellum of the immature (7-day-old) rat. Two days later, pups were decapitated and the brains processed for light microscopic examination or neurochemical analyses. 10 micrograms ibotenate caused a complete lo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Steiner HX,McBean GJ,Köhler C,Roberts PJ,Schwarcz R

更新日期：1984-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons (n = 107) were recorded, in anaesthetized rats, with extracellular micropipettes, in the nucleus centralis of the amygdala (Ce). The activity of a large majority (77%) was exclusively or preferentially affected by noxious stimuli applied in any area of the body. The rest of the neurons was not activated by any...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bernard JF,Huang GF,Besson JM

更新日期：1990-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) contribute to the complex amygdala-based neurocircuitry that mediates fear-motivated behaviors. Because of acetylcholine's (ACh) role in DA neuronal activation, the involvement of VTA cholinergic muscarinic receptors in Pavlo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Greba Q,Munro LJ,Kokkinidis L

更新日期：2000-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP38) on cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) at a single cell level in both type-1 and type-2 cultured rat astrocytes using a calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye, fura-2. Type-1 astrocytes were relatively silent during the 20 min observat...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tatsuno I,Arimura A

更新日期：1994-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The laminin-alpha2 chain is a component of brain capillary basement membranes and appears also to be present in neurons of rat, rabbit, pig and non-human primate brain as evidenced by immunohistochemistry. In the present study, we have further characterized this very distinct neuronal laminin-alpha2 chain-like immunor...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tian M,Hagg T,Denisova N,Knusel B,Engvall E,Jucker M

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The induction of gene expression has been correlated with long-lasting neuronal plasticity and long-term memory (LTM) formation. The fast activation of constitutive transcription factors by signaling mechanisms is thought to be the link between synaptic events and gene expression. However, only one constitutive transc...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Freudenthal R,Romano A

更新日期：2000-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepine binding sites are present on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in hippocampal neurons. Diazepam is known to potentiate the amplitude and prolong the decay of GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs). In this study, benzodiazepine involvement in long-term potentiation (LT...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Xu JY,Sastry BR

更新日期：2005-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In the hippocampus, pyramidal cells (PCs) are not the only cell type sensitive to cholinergic stimulation. Two non-pyramidal cell types from animals as young as 8 days demonstrated clear, direct responses to application of cholinergic agonists. These cholinergic actions are excitatory, mostly blocked by muscarinic ant...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Reece LJ,Schwartzkroin PA

更新日期：1991-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP), originally isolated from soluble fraction of young rat hippocampus and released from hippocampus by the stimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, enhances the cholinergic phenotype development in vitro. HCNP precursor protein (HCNP-pp) has multiple f...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamada K,Matsukawa N,Yuasa H,Hattori M,Nakazawa H,Borlongan CV,Ojika K

更新日期：2007-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterns of proliferation and changes in non-neuronal cell number in the visual system of the goldfish have been quantitatively examined during optic axon regeneration after an optic nerve crush (ONC). In addition, in order to examine the effect of the regenerating axons on cellular responses in the visual pathways, w...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ghali RP,Herx LM,Maa A,Levine RL

更新日期：2000-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We used rabbit antisera against manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase for immunohistochemical studies of localization in the rat neostriatum. Immunostaining was intense in large-sized neurons and several medium-sized neurons, but it was moderate to weak in other cells. Double immunostaining with monoclonal antibody to c...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Inagaki S,Suzuki K,Taniguchi N,Takagi H

更新日期：1991-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of periventricular tissue surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) in mediating drinking behavior induced by angiotensin II was investigated rats. Electrolytic lesions which bilaterally destroyed preoptic-hypothalamic periventricular tissue surrounding AV3V abolished drinking responses normally el...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Buggy J,Johnson AK

更新日期：1978-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is hypothesized to result from the activity of REM sleep-generating and REM sleep-inhibiting neurons. The serotoninergic (5-HT) neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) represents one such population of REM-sleep inhibiting neurons since they are silent during REM sleep. Consistent with...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Blanco-Centurion CA,Salin-Pascual RJ

更新日期：2001-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Movements of medium and large sized membranous organelles (0.5-1 microns in diameter) were visualized within segments of the crab walking leg nerve with Nomarski differential interference contrast optics and subjected to video contrast enhancement. Accessibility to the axoplasm was demonstrated by intra-axonal fluores...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Moshiach S,Nelson TJ,Sanchez-Andres JV,Sakakibara M,Alkon DL

更新日期：1993-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental risk factors such as stressful experiences have long been recognized to affect seizure susceptibility, but little attention has been paid to the potential effects of improving housing conditions. In this study, we investigated the influence of an enriched environment on epileptogenesis. Epileptic suscept...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Auvergne R,Leré C,El Bahh B,Arthaud S,Lespinet V,Rougier A,Le Gal La Salle G

更新日期：2002-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of methamphetamine (15 mg/kg) to adrenalectomized rats significantly decreased hippocampal type I and II corticosteroid receptors as well as type II receptors in the striatum. Type II receptors in the frontal cortex and hypothalamus were unaffected by methamphetamine administration. Pretreatment with MK...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lowy MT

更新日期：1990-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:An important part of the medical treatment of many cerebrovascular diseases is the occlusion of brain supplying arteries. Until now, the risk of this intervention can only be estimated by invasive diagnostics including the risk of cerebrovascular accidents. METHODS AND RESULTS:As a supporting tool, a comput...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Roessler FC,Reith W,Siegel G

更新日期：2006-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid-binding cell adhesion molecule (OBCAM) is the member of the IgLON family, a subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily. In the present study, the functions and dynamics of OBCAM were investigated in hippocampal neurons in vitro. Western blotting revealed that OBCAM expression was low at early stages of culture ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamada M,Hashimoto T,Hayashi N,Higuchi M,Murakami A,Nakashima T,Maekawa S,Miyata S

更新日期：2007-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that motion sickness was prevented in rats with amygdala lesion and that provocative motion stimuli increased the number of Fos-positive neurons in the amygdala, suggesting that the amygdala is one of the neural substrates involved in the development of motion sickness. NK-1 receptors in the bra...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Horii A,Nakagawa A,Uno A,Kitahara T,Imai T,Nishiike S,Takeda N,Inohara H

更新日期：2012-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined whether substance P (Sub P) could protect against quinolinic acid (QA)-induced lesions of the striatum, as measured by a loss of striatal D1 dopamine receptors. Sub P was extruded into Evac polymer rods for slow release. One 4 mm rod segment was implanted unilaterally into the striatum of ea...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sanberg PR,Emerich DF,Aebischer P,Amisetti SM,Ouellette W,Koutouzis TK,Cahill DW,Norman AB

更新日期：1993-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The microdialysis technique was utilized to study the effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ligands on the in vivo release of endogenous glutamate (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) from the rat striatum. Addition of NMDA (250 and 500 microM) to the dialysis perfusion solution resulted in a striking dose-dependent in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bustos G,Abarca J,Forray MI,Gysling K,Bradberry CW,Roth RH

更新日期：1992-07-10 00:00:00