Abstract:
:Establishing an open and honest physician-patient relationship is essential for the proper evaluation and management of headache disorders. Obtaining a complete headache and medical history is the most important part of the initial diagnostic evaluation. This history should include information about headache onset, pain intensity, character of the pain, presence of aura, associated autonomic symptoms, and trigger factors. Special attention must be paid to the frequency of analgesic use, both prescription and over-the-counter, to identify analgesic rebound headache. A thorough neurologic examination must also be performed; if it is normal, there is usually no need for special tests. Headaches are classified as either primary or secondary. Primary headaches have no structural or metabolic cause, while secondary headaches are caused by an underlying pathologic or metabolic process. Migraine, tension-type, cluster, and analgesic-rebound headaches are all primary headache disorders. Secondary headaches are caused by conditions such as increased intracranial pressure, pseudotumor cerebri, subdural and intracerebral hematomas, hypertension, meningitis, temporal arteritis, Lyme disease, and brain tumors. Accurate diagnosis of headache is essential to determine the appropriateness of further testing and to guide proper treatment of the patient's condition.
journal_name
Semin Neuroljournal_title
Seminars in neurologyauthors
Marks DR,Rapoport AMdoi
10.1055/s-2008-1040943subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
307-12issue
4eissn
0271-8235issn
1098-9021journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::With the growth of wheelchair athletics at both grassroots and national levels, there has been an increased incidence of sports-related and overuse syndromes in the wheelchair-user population. This article provides an overview of the available literature on the incidence, prevalence, evaluation, prevention, and rehabi...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-9829
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurothermography is a new, clinically useful method of detecting autonomic sympathetic peripheral nerve dysfunction. Body symmetry of the skin temperature as maintained by symmetrically functional peripheral nerves is the key to detecting a normal state. Persistent 1 degree C temperature asymmetry in the pattern of a...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041432
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physician-hastened-death remains a controversial topic for patients and those who care for them. It is a particularly relevant topic for neurologists who currently, or will in the future, reside in jurisdictions where physician-hastened-death is legal. In this article, I attempt to provide a comprehensive and contempo...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1668080
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of severe brain injury requires a comprehensive approach in which imaging is an indispensable complement to the clinical and physiological information acquired at the bedside. Neuroimaging methods are routinely used in the diagnosis and prognosis of a broad spectrum of patients with acute neurological d...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1105977
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infective endocarditis (IE) is a systemic disease with many potential neurologic manifestations including ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cerebral microbleeding, infectious intracranial aneurysms, meningitis, brain abscesses, and encephalopathy. The majority of left-sided (heart) IE patients have brain lesions that ...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0039-1688826
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::I argue that there is no mind-brain problem but rather that there are irreducible subjective-objective problems. These include the difference between "inside" and "outside" perspectives on neural states, the creation of subjective neural states with objectified outside objects, and awareness of the self as an object i...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040917
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis (MS) will continue to benefit from an increasing understanding of this disease. This knowledge results in newly defined targets for novel therapies. In this article the development of future immunotherapies will be discussed by classifying the approaches into three main types: (1) a...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-41137
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) is a rare condition in children presenting with headache and papilledema from increased intracranial pressure that can cause significant morbidity. This can be idiopathic, also known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension or primary intracranial hypertension, or can be secondary to...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0040-1708847
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer therapy can cause several neurotoxic syndromes that are associated with distinct findings on cranial imaging. With the use of more aggressive and combined treatment modalities in oncology and prolonged overall patient survival, neurotoxicity has been reported with increasing frequency in patients with brain can...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1331817
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent development in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy patients has been the identification of autoantibodies directed against various peripheral nerve antigens. For some conditions, assay for the antibodies can be very helpful in confirming a diagnosis. In others, an antibody may be associated with clinical ...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040864
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine are key central neurotransmitters that participate in many neurobehavioral processes and disease states. Norepinephrine is also the main neurotransmitter mediating regulation of the circulation by the sympathetic nervous system. Several neurodegenerative disorders feature...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0040-1713874
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging is commonly utilized in the evaluation of post-cardiac arrest patients, providing a unique ability to visualize and quantify structural brain injury that can complement clinical and electrophysiologic data. Despite its lack of validation, we would advocate that neuroimaging is a valuable prognostication t...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1594253
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects more than 500,000 Americans, and it is commonly on the differential diagnosis associated with patient referrals to neurology offices. Diagnostically, there are several nuances to the established criteria. Understanding the usefulness of various tests and the potential diagnoses that can...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1245004
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccines have undoubtedly been a medical milestone, preventing immeasurable morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases worldwide. Modern vaccines have tremendously reduced the global impact of numerous infections; they have succeeded in eliminating smallpox completely. However, the nature by which vaccines confe...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1287655
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency with an outcome that is highly associated with the initial pharmacotherapy management that must be administered in a timely fashion. Beyond first-line therapy of status epilepticus, treatment is not guided by robust evidence. Optimal pharmacotherapy selection for individu...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0040-1718721
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes infection of the central nervous system is often not recognized and treated appropriately in the crucial early stages of the disease. Most consider patients with underlying disease or immunocompromised states to be at risk, although healthy individuals may present with a neurologic syndrome caus...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-9398
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disorders of gait and balance are common in medicine and often lead to referral for neurologic evaluation. Because the maintenance of balance and normal gait are mediated by complex neurologic pathways as well as musculoskeletal, metabolic, and behavioral considerations, the list of possible contributing causes is ver...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1354601
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of technology in neurology education has revolutionized many aspects of medical teaching, addressing some important challenges of modern education such as information overload and the unique needs of millennial learners. However, it also has inherent problems, such as depersonalization and high development cos...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1666985
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delusions may be the most prominent manifestations of brain dysfunction, and a host of medical and neurologic conditions can present with or produce delusions. Recognition of the underlying disorder frequently aids in successful treatment. Comparison of organic delusional syndromes with schizophrenia suggests that lim...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041273
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very common condition in patients with stroke and is found in over half of stroke patients. There is a complex relationship between OSA and stroke, attributable to shared risk factors. There are numerous mechanisms by which OSA may contribute to increased stroke risk, including promo...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-933315
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance imaging plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of brain tumors. Novel imaging techniques that specifically interrogate aspects of underlying tumor biology and biochemical pathways have great potential in neuro-oncology. This review focuses on the emerging role of 2-hydroxyglutarate-t...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0037-1618600
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a manifestation of perinatal asphyxial insult that continues to evolve over days to weeks following the initial injury. Therapeutic hypothermia has demonstrated that a proportion of this secondary brain injury may indeed be preventable. However, therapeutic hypothermia has also...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0040-1702939
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical hallmark of myasthenia gravis (MG) is fluctuating, painless weakness of muscles that most often affect extraocular, lower bulbar, or limb musculature. Predicting the probability of successful treatment for the patient assumes that the physician has made an accurate diagnosis. In this review, the practical...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2004-830903
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal central nervous system infections present in a myriad of clinical manifestation and remain a significant diagnostic challenge. Presenting symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, conventional fungal serum markers and imaging correlates of disease are seldom sensitive or specific; fungal culture growth or histopa...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0039-1688916
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PPS is now a well-recognized entity encompassing the late manifestations that occur because of previous poliomyelitis. Common signs and symptoms include fatigue, cold intolerance, joint deteriorations with pain, and prominent neurologic problems that include new weakness, muscle pain, atrophy, respiratory insuffic...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041136
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotoxic venoms are common among tropical marine creatures, which have specialized apparatuses for delivery of the venoms. These include jellyfish and anemones, venomous cone snails, venomous fish, stingrays, sea snakes, and venomous octopuses. Numerous toxic neuropeptides are found within these venoms, and some can...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2005-917664
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improved disease control is critical for enhancing the lives of those living with multiple sclerosis. With specific immunologic targets, monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments are highly effective options for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. The mechanism, efficacy, and current safety profiles are detailed for the...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1579695
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::CPP reflects perfusion problems related to increased ICP or inadequate MAP. CPP is a most helpful and practical management tool. The relationship of CBF and CPP depends on cerebral vascular resistance (flow equals pressure divided by resistance). At present, we do not have a practical method to measure vascular resist...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041328
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is common, sometimes terrifying, but rarely portends serious disease. It is usually easily diagnosed and treated, and both the patient and the physician are immediately gratified. While much has been learned about the pathogenesis of BPPV in the past decades, many of its fea...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0039-3402733
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is the third most common X-linked muscular dystrophy. This disorder is characterized by childhood onset of early contractures, humeroperoneal muscle atrophy, and cardiac conduction abnormalities. Weakness is slowly progressive, but there is a broad spectrum of clinical severity...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040827
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00