Physician-Hastened-Death in Patients with Progressive Neurodegenerative or Neuromuscular Disorders.

abstract：:Arteriovenous malformations of the brain can carry considerable morbidity and mortality in the setting of rupture. The complex angioarchitecture and hemodynamic alteration requires careful consideration in diagnostic and management approaches. In this review, the authors define the pathophysiology, outline diagnostic ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Asif K,Leschke J,Lazzaro MA

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly individuals. Although the diagnosis of AD requires pathological confirmation, several common clinical features of AD have been identified. These include insidious onset, gradual progression, medial temporal atrophy, temporoparietal hypoperfusion, ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Kramer JH,Miller BL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disorders of gait and balance are common in medicine and often lead to referral for neurologic evaluation. Because the maintenance of balance and normal gait are mediated by complex neurologic pathways as well as musculoskeletal, metabolic, and behavioral considerations, the list of possible contributing causes is ver...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Shill HA,Fife TD

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of patients with cranial neuropathies requires an understanding of brainstem anatomy and nerve pathways. Advances in neuroimaging, particularly high spatial resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have enabled visualization of these tiny structures and their related pathology. This review provides an a...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Jha RM,Klein JP

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-quarters of all strokes are managed outside of academic medical centers, making optimization of stroke care in the community setting a central part of minimizing the disability from stroke. In addition, the care of stroke patients crosses multiple different components of the health care system and requires a mul...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Russman AN,Katzan IL

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infective endocarditis (IE) is a systemic disease with many potential neurologic manifestations including ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cerebral microbleeding, infectious intracranial aneurysms, meningitis, brain abscesses, and encephalopathy. The majority of left-sided (heart) IE patients have brain lesions that ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Carneiro TS,Awtry E,Dobrilovic N,Fagan MA,Kimmel S,Weinstein ZM,Cervantes-Arslanian AM

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The testing of reflexes involving the lower extremities is a pivotal part of the modern neurological examination. The normal response to noxious stimulation of the foot is plantar flexion of the toes, causing them to curl downward toward the undersurface of the foot. In 1896, Joseph Babinski described an extensor toe ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Goetz CG

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synucleinopathies, with and without dementia, encompass a wide range of diseases including Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). DLB is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting in slowly progressive and unrelenting dementia un...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Weisman D,McKeith I

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate outcome prognostication is critical to the management of patients with primary or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Prognostication may guide the decision to pursue aggressive acute management or to plan proper goals of care for patients who will likely suffer long-term severe disability. In particu...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Chu SY,Hwang DY

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is common, sometimes terrifying, but rarely portends serious disease. It is usually easily diagnosed and treated, and both the patient and the physician are immediately gratified. While much has been learned about the pathogenesis of BPPV in the past decades, many of its fea...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Nuti D,Zee DS,Mandalà M

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical guidelines for the determination of brain death in children were first published in 1987. These guidelines were revised in 2011 under the auspices of the Society of Critical Care Medicine, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the Child Neurology Society, and provide the minimum standards that must be satis...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Mathur M,Ashwal S

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelopathy refers to a spinal cord disorder that presents with motor and/or sensory deficits. Infectious agents that cause myelopathy do so by either direct infection of neural structures (e.g., polio), a parainfectious mechanism (with a presumed autoimmune pathogenesis), or as a result of involvement of structures ad...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Ho EL

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the advent of combination antiretroviral therapies, the mortality rate from HIV has declined, while the prevalence of long-term HIV-related neurologic complications continues to rise. Thirty-six million individuals are living with HIV around the world, many of whom reside in resource-limited settings. The majorit...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Patel PB,Spudich SS

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine agonists provide an effective means of treating early, middle, and late stages of Parkinson's disease. This article outlines the advantages and disadvantages of dopamine agonists as compared with levodopa therapy. The features and costs of the four Food and Drug Administration-approved agonists (bromocriptine...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Tuite P,Ebbitt B

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic insomnia afflicts millions of people in the United States. It is associated with decreased quality of life, accidents, several comorbid conditions, increased morbidity, and substantial direct and indirect costs. Chronic insomnia is a multifactorial and individualized disorder. Its etiology may be cognitive or ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Neubauer DN,Flaherty KN

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diet may influence stroke risk via several mechanisms, but the optimal dietary habits for stroke prevention are not well established. We reviewed English-language MEDLINE publications from January 1979 through November 2004 for experimental, observational, and clinical studies of dietary factors (minerals, fats, chole...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Ding EL,Mozaffarian D

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carotid endarterectomy is an established surgical procedure to prevent stroke. The indications, preoperative evaluation, surgical timing, technical details, complications, and special circumstances for the use of this operation are reviewed. Future developments in the surgical reconstruction of the extracranial caroti...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Pritz MB

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcineurin inhibitor encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare condition occurring in patients who are undergoing treatment with drugs from the calcineurin inhibitor (CI) family of immunosuppressants, either cyclosporine (CsA) or tacrolimus (TAC, FK506). Generally acute in onset, the symptoms are commonly reversible if properly...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Mammoser A

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical hallmark of myasthenia gravis (MG) is fluctuating, painless weakness of muscles that most often affect extraocular, lower bulbar, or limb musculature. Predicting the probability of successful treatment for the patient assumes that the physician has made an accurate diagnosis. In this review, the practical...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Engstrom JW

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency with an outcome that is highly associated with the initial pharmacotherapy management that must be administered in a timely fashion. Beyond first-line therapy of status epilepticus, treatment is not guided by robust evidence. Optimal pharmacotherapy selection for individu...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Der-Nigoghossian C,Tesoro EP,Strein M,Brophy GM

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human genome has become a roadmap for elucidation of the pathophysiology of disease. It is likely that mutations in more than 1000 of the approximately 30,000 human genes will lead to autonomic abnormalities, either directly or indirectly. This review highlights some of these, which exert major effects on catechol...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Taneja I,Robertson D

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome, which is characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, rest tremor, and postural instability. Idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) is the most common cause of this syndrome, though there are several other important etiologies that must be considered. These include the atypical Parkinsonian...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Keener AM,Bordelon YM

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke in the distribution of the posterior circulation may present as acute onset spontaneous vertigo and imbalance. Although vertigo due to posterior circulation stroke is usually associated with other neurologic symptoms or signs, small infarcts in the cerebellum or brainstem can present with vertigo without other ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Kim JS,Lee H

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of dementias represents an important but relatively neglected part of neurological care of the elderly population. Individual therapeutic interventions may make only small changes to the quality of life of individuals afflicted with dementia, but when used in combination these interventions synergize and can...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Tisher A,Salardini A

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum toxin (BoNT) therapy is frequently employed in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms. It can effectively ameliorate the symptoms of cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, sialorrhea, and hyperactive bladder. It is increasingly being used for additional PD-related indications including limb dystonia, ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Wagle Shukla A,Malaty IA

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients who suffer from neuromuscular diseases often have complications from respiratory insufficiencies. Some neuromuscular diseases, for example Landry Guillain-Barré syndrome, may only require temporary tracheal intubation; patients with other neuromuscular diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, may deci...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Gelinas DF

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune encephalopathy represents a complex category of disease with diverse immunologic associations, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic outcomes. Three main subgroups include autoimmune encephalopathies without cancer but with neural nonspecific serologic evidence of autoimmunity (encompassing "Hashimoto's ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Flanagan EP,Caselli RJ

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychogenic (nonepileptic) seizures are among the most common and serious of all psychogenic neurological disorders. They account for approximately 20% of all intractable seizure disorders referred to comprehensive epilepsy centers and present with a reported annual incidence of approximately 4% that of true epilepsy....

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Krumholz A,Hopp J

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CPP reflects perfusion problems related to increased ICP or inadequate MAP. CPP is a most helpful and practical management tool. The relationship of CBF and CPP depends on cerebral vascular resistance (flow equals pressure divided by resistance). At present, we do not have a practical method to measure vascular resist...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Stone JL

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very common condition in patients with stroke and is found in over half of stroke patients. There is a complex relationship between OSA and stroke, attributable to shared risk factors. There are numerous mechanisms by which OSA may contribute to increased stroke risk, including promo...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Brown DL

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00