Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:An overview of biochemical markers of bone metabolism is presented along with indications for their clinical utilization. DESIGN AND METHODS:The structure, cyclical metabolism, and hormone regulation of bone is reflected by markers of resorption, formation and/or turnover. Markers of resorption representing degradation of type 1 collagen, include N-telopeptides, C-telopeptides, hydroxyproline, and the collagen crosslinks pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline; acid phosphatase, a marker of osteoclast activity, and urinary calcium are also indicators of bone resorption. Bone formation markers indicate osteoblast activity; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and the N-terminal and C-terminal extension peptides of procollagen reflect formation of organic matrix in bone. Osteocalcin, produced by osteoblasts but also released during osteoclastic degradation, may indicate either formation when resorption and formation are coupled or turnover when they are uncoupled. RESULTS:Bone markers respond to intervention more rapidly than techniques such bone mineral density. Resorption markers respond approximately 1 to 3 months after intervention; markers of formation respond later, after 6 to 9 months. Bone markers may add useful information for assessing fracture risk and for monitoring osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, cancer metastasis, and metabolic disease. Various therapeutic interventions may affect release of some bone markers. CONCLUSION:Bone disease has high prevalence in adults so bone markers will become even more important for assessing fracture risk and monitoring therapy as populations age. Characteristics of bone markers are dependent on biology and the assay used. Substantial work remains in characterizing existing assays, identifying better markers and performing the clinical studies to define which bone markers should be measured and when.
journal_name
Clin Biochemjournal_title
Clinical biochemistryauthors
Christenson RHdoi
10.1016/s0009-9120(97)00113-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
573-93issue
8eissn
0009-9120issn
1873-2933pii
S0009-9120(97)00113-6journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:According to the prevailing theory about the genetic background to lactose intolerance, there are three genotypes but only two adult physiological phenotypes: lactase persistence in individuals with the CT and TT genotypes and lactase non-persistence in individuals with the CC genotype. However, analysis of ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.11.001
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing interest in the use of tumor markers in the clinical management of cancer patients has encouraged development of guidelines by local, national and international groups. Such guidelines generally include recommendations about which markers are likely to be most helpful in given circumstances. Particular requ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00199-0
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the association between plasma lipids and insulin and variation in the genes for apolipoproteins (APO) E (CfoI), B (insertion/deletion), C1 (HpaI), and C3 (C-482T, C3238G) in a population-based Czech Slavonic study. DESIGN AND METHODS:In 131 men and 154 women, polymorphisms were investigated usi...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00184-9
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among Egyptian women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of both telomerase and TPS estimation in assessment of breast cancer. METHODS:The study included 40 patients with breast cancer, and 20 patients with benign breast diseases. Telomerase activity in...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00253-3
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological evidence suggests that the ratio HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)/total cholesterol (TC) or apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1)/apolipoprotein B (apo B) are good indicators of coronary heart disease risk. In investigating the distribution of these ratios in the typical population served by our routine laboratory, we ana...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-9120(92)80004-z
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of our study was to assess the association of common sequence variants, and selected interactions, with HDL-c plasma levels. DESIGN AND METHODS:We analysed 743 individuals (340 men and 403 women) with high mean triglyceride and LDL-c levels. The association of five polymorphic sites (ABCA1 g.1051G>A...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.04.001
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. When a malignant growth is developing in a patient, one often observes in the serum an increased activity of serum enzymes due to necrosis and increased membrane permeability caused by the altered metabolism of malignant cells. Conversely, I considered it interesting to check the enzymes of the malate-aspartate sh...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(77)92378-5
更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The toxicity of carbon monoxide has been recognized for long throughout history and is unquestionably the leading cause of unintentional poisoning deaths in the Western countries. The severity of poisoning is dependent upon environmental and human factor. The leading pathophysiological mechanism resides in the ability...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.06.004
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical value of oxidized lipoprotein(a) [ox-Lp(a)] levels. DESIGN AND METHODS:Ox-Lp(a) were measured by 2 ELISAs using antibodies against ox-Lp(a) [ox-Lp(a)1] or oxidized low-density lipoprotein [ox-Lp(a)2], and studied in 161 acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients, 114 stable coronary artery ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.12.017
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the analytical performance of the Elecsys 2010 immunoanalyzer (Boehringer Mannheim Canada), which is based on a new detection technology, electrochemical luminescence. DESIGN AND METHODS:We used six representative assays from the initial launch menu of the instrument: thyroid stimulating hormon...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(98)00002-2
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Biallelic mutations in the ARG1 gene result in an uncommon autosomal recessive inborn defect of the urea cycle known as hyperargininemia (OMIM #207800). ARG1 splicing mutations are not reported often, and they are probably related to a more severe phenotype than missense mutations. In this article, we descri...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.015
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine whether the proportions of blood leukocyte subsets are altered in COPD, and to assess the disturbances in signalling pathways in the leukocytes of COPD patients, with respect to smoking history. DESIGN AND METHODS:The study was performed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry and University ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.12.013
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We propose a simple way to reliably rank assays for improvement according to patient risk, based solely on EQA imprecision and biological variation data. Because the underlying technique aligns the imprecision class of an assay from EQA data, peer performance can be used to assess achievable imprecision and ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.01.014
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) play a role in left ventricular (LV) structural remodeling. We aimed to investigate the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on serum levels of amino-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (N...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.002
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To insure commutability (equivalence) between whole blood and plasma glucose values and to assess potential interferences in glucose oxidase methods. DESIGN AND METHODS:We compared plasma glucose results by the Ektachem 700 analyzer to glucose results on whole blood by the Nova Stat Profile 6, and by the YS...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-9120(95)02010-1
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fluorometric procedure based on the Bio-Rad Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Test was developed. Detection by fluorescence provides better sensitivity and specificity than the Pisano spectrophotometric method. Use of a C18 mini-column extraction to extract VMA prior to HPL...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(86)80030-3
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone metabolism is assessed using biochemical bone turnover markers (BTM). BTM reflect the metabolic effect of drugs on bone turnover, help to establish the lowest dose inducing the largest change in the BTM, predict treatment-related reduction in fracture risk, and are helpful in bridging studies. Changes in BTM duri...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.01.022
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Galactose is normally metabolized to glucose through the coordinated activities of three enzymes: galactokinase, galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT), and uridine diphospho-glucose 4-epimerase (epimerase). High concentrations of galactose and their metabolites are toxic to mammals. Hereditary deficiencies o...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0009-9120(91)80003-l
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the evaluation of four new commercially available sensitive assay kits for determination of thyrotropin (TSH) and their clinical utility in normal subjects and patients with thyroidal and non-thyroidal illnesses. The sensitivity for the reliable detection of serum TSH by these methods ranged from 0.1-0.4 mU/...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(87)80077-2
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a predictor of mortality in critically ill patients. Our objective was to investigate the association between the RDW at ICU discharge and the risk of ICU readmission or unexpected death in the ward. METHODS:A secondary analysis of prospectively collected data stud...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.010
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vitamin B12 insufficiency/deficiency is common in mixed patient populations. However there is no single marker which can reliably diagnose B12 insufficiency/deficiency. Elevated concentrations of methylmalonic acid (MMA) are considered the most representative marker of metabolic vitamin B12 insufficiency, bu...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.08.006
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by specifically binding the target mRNA and by consequently inducing its degradation. miRNAs can be released into the circulation where they remain stable and they can be measured. Their changes reflect individual biologic ad...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.09.017
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic heart disease is the primary cause of death worldwide. The pathophysiological process of cardiovascular diseases is linked to atheromatous plaque formation, while plaque rupture releases thrombogenic elements, which lead to activation of platelets, blood clotting and formation of thrombi. Platelet inhibitors ...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.03.005
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During sequential physiologic maturation of an individual follicle, the number of granulosa cells increases in excess of 1000-fold, while intra-ovarian concentrations of sex steroids escalate by 100-fold. The recent development of several in vitro ovarian systems has permitted a more extensive and direct assessment of...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(81)90976-0
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanolamine is a compound that is frequently seen in urinary amino acid analysis. Although there is a single report of increased ethanolamine excretion associated with a distinctive storage disease in two siblings, the significance of ethanolaminuria is not known. We measured urinary ethanolamine/creatinine ratios in...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(88)80084-5
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify independent predictors of serum butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity and examine its relationship with the metabolic syndrome. DESIGN AND METHODS:Serum BuChE activity was measured and metabolic syndrome risk factors were assessed in 1097 healthy subjects recruited from the Newfoundland adult po...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.04.008
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We tested the application of bioinformatic algorithms in studying the metabolomic profiles of neonatal urine samples with clinical evidence of severe asphyxia at birth and subsequent neurodevelopmental handicap. DESIGN AND METHODS:The clinical outcomes of 256 newborns that required direct admission to neona...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.01.006
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Oxidative stress is considered to be a unifying link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications including nephropathy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxidative stress status in Asian Indian patients of type 2 DM with nephropathy. DESIGN AND METHODS:Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MD...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-9120(03)00094-8
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In 2004, a novel grading system for papillary non-invasive bladder cancer was introduced; low grade (LG) and high grade (HG) in lieu of the former G1, G2, G3. This change allowed for increased reproducibility as well as diminished interobserver variability in histopathological grading among individual pathol...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.09.013
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Direct measurement of chemical constituents in complex biologic matrices without the use of analyte specific reagents could be a step forward toward the simplification of clinical biochemistry. Problems related to reagents such as production errors, improper handling, and lot-to-lot variations would be elimin...
journal_title：Clinical biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.05.064
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
