Modification of ethanol intoxication by dopamine agonists and antagonists.

abstract：:Two groups of socially housed rhesus monkeys were raised under conditions differing in the degree of control or mastery over appetitive stimuli (food, water, and treats) in the 1st year of life. At age 18-24 months, a benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist, beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (beta-CCE), was...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Insel TR,Scanlan J,Champoux M,Suomi SJ

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Environmental context has been shown to influence responding under multiple schedules of food reinforcement and to modify the behavioral effects of drugs. However, no systematic study has been conducted under conditions of cocaine self-administration. The hypothesis was that changes in the magnitude of food r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nader MA,Sinnott RS,Mach RH,Morgan D

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:Pain is a complex sensory experience, involving cognitive factors, environment (setting, society, and culture), experience, and gender and is modulated significantly by the central nervous system (CNS). The mechanisms by which opioid analgesics work are understood, but this class of drugs is no...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kivell B,Prisinzano TE

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a test of conditioned punishment, saline-treated controls showed a moderate bias in responding away from a lever producing a response-contingent auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) that had been paired with mild footshock during training and towards a lever producing a neutral auditory CS. Systemic treatment with th...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Killcross AS,Everitt BJ,Robins TW

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relationship between benzodiazepine and risk of developing pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia, whose benzodiazepine dosage and usage frequency was higher than that of the general population. METHODS:We conducted a nested case-control study to assess the association between benzodiaz...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cheng SY,Chen WY,Liu HC,Yang TW,Pan CH,Yang SY,Kuo CJ

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discriminative stimulus effect of midazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine, was used for testing the effects of drugs thought to act as antagonists at different sites in the proposed benzodiazepine receptor complex. Rats were trained in a standard two-bar operant conditioning procedure with food reinforcers delive...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stolerman IP,Garcha HS,Rose IC

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problem of the advantage of using nortriptyline (NT) plasma level during treatment for endogenous depression has been approached. In an ordinary psychiatric department, 34 patients had their NT level checked the second week of treatment and their dosage subsequently adjusted, if it was outside the recommended ther...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sørensen B,Kragh-Sørensen P,Larsen NE,Hvidberg EF

更新日期：1978-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONAL:It has been suggested that phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors such as sildenafil may be effective in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate the effect of sildenafil added to risperidone as augmentation therapy in patients with chronic schizophrenia an...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Akhondzadeh S,Ghayyoumi R,Rezaei F,Salehi B,Modabbernia AH,Maroufi A,Esfandiari GR,Naderi M,Ghebleh F,Tabrizi M,Rezazadeh SA

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food intake of four adult male baboons (Papio c. anubis) was monitored during daily experimental sessions lasting 22 h. Food was available under a two-component operant schedule. Following completion of the first "procurement component" response requirement, access to food, i.e., a meal, became available under the sec...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Foltin RW,Fischman MW,Byrne MF

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Buprenorphine reduces both heroin and cocaine intake in opioid addicts, but the mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effects of chronic buprenorphine treatment on intake of heroin and/or cocaine and measure nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine (DA) levels during self-administration. METHODS:In...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sorge RE,Stewart J

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The issue of whether tolerance develops to the motivational effects of opioids was addressed by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure. Administration of the mu-opioid agonists morphine or fentanyl produced dose-related preferences for the drug-associated place in control rats. In contrast, the kap...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Shippenberg TS,Emmett-Oglesby MW,Ayesta FJ,Herz A

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of clinically used benzodiazepines were tested for their effectiveness in blocking muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks in mice. Their ED50 values were determined from their dose-response curves. These data gave the following relative potencies with respect to diazepam: diazepam = 1, medazepam = 0.24, oxazepam = ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Menon MK,Vivonia CA,Haddox VG

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several theories propose alternative explanations for drug addiction. OBJECTIVES:We propose a general theory of transition to addiction that synthesizes knowledge generated in the field of addiction into a unitary explanatory frame. MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF THE THEORY:Transition to addiction results from a sequ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Piazza PV,Deroche-Gamonet V

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The administration of heroin has been shown to inhibit the induction of nitric oxide, a molecule known to play a critical role in immune function. Previous research has shown that this alteration can be conditioned to environmental stimuli that have been associated with drug administration. However, it remain...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Szczytkowski JL,Lysle DT

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and clozapine have the common action of increasing dopamine metabolism in the striatum (nucleus accumbens, caudate-putamen) of the rat. Intracerebroventricular administration of kainic acid (KA) produces neuronal loss in limbic-cortical brain regions which project directly or indire...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bardgett ME,Salaris SL,Jackson JL,Harding J,Csernansky JG

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of mu and kappa opioids to alter the discriminative-stimulus and rate-decreasing effects of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT was examined in rats trained to discriminate either a low (0.1 mg/kg) or a high (0.3 mg/kg) dose of 8-OH-DPAT from water using a two-lever food-reinforced drug discrimination pr...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Morgan D,Picker MJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of cyclical (circadian) variations in lithium toxicity in mice was determined. Mice, standardized to a light-dark cycle, were injected with lithium chloride (940 mg/kg) at one of six times (20:00, 24:00, 4:00, 8:00, 12:00, and 16:00) and subsequently observed for mortality over 28 h. A significant (P les...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hawkins R,Kripke DF,Janowsky DS

更新日期：1978-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were presented with noise bursts alone or noise bursts 60 ms after presentation of either a 60 dB or an 80 dB prepulse after injection of the dopamine agonists apomorphine (3 mg/kg) or d-amphetamine (4 mg/kg), the glycine antagonist strychnine (1.5 mg/kg) or the alpha 2 antagonist yohimbine (5 mg/kg). Presentatio...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Davis M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Initial sensitivity to drugs of abuse often predicts subsequent use and abuse, but this relationship is not always observed in human studies. Moreover, studies examining the relationship between initial locomotor sensitivity and the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs in animal models have also been eq...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Roberts AJ,Casal L,Huitron-Resendiz S,Thompson T,Tarantino LM

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of anxiogenic drugs on dopamine release and metabolism in nucleus accumbens. Microdialysis probes were implanted into the nucleus accumbens, and rats were tested the day after implantation. In the first experiment, groups of rats received injections of saline, 1.25 o...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McCullough LD,Salamone JD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of long-term amphetamine treatment were evaluated on responding supported by self-stimulation of the substantia nigra. Rats repeatedly treated with d-amphetamine, and tested with a low dose of the drug that ordinarily has no behavioral effect, showed higher response rates than animals repeatedly treated wi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kokkinidis L,Zacharko RM

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Indirect-acting serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists (e.g., selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors [SSRI]) stimulate multiple 5-HT receptors, although the role of particular receptors as well as interaction(s) among different receptors in the therapeutic effects of SSRIs is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES:Relativ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Li JX,Crocker C,Koek W,Rice KC,France CP

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of two subcutaneous injections of 0.6 mg nicotine, administered 40 min apart, was compared with placebo in four non-smoking subjects in a counter-balanced double-blind crossover design. The nicotine injections produced mean peak plasma nicotine concentrations of 5.3 ng/ml 10 min after the first injection an...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Foulds J,McSorley K,Sneddon J,Feyerabend C,Jarvis MJ,Russell MA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acute nicotine abstinence is associated with disruption of executive function and reward processes; however, the neurobiological basis of these effects has not been fully elucidated. METHODS:The effects of nicotine abstinence on brain function during reward-based probabilistic decision making were preliminar...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Addicott MA,Baranger DA,Kozink RV,Smoski MJ,Dichter GS,McClernon FJ

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work with humans and animals has suggested that the cholinergic system plays an important role in the active control of attention. This study was designed to investigate the effects of scopolamine upon subjects' ability to utilize knowledge of the spatial probability bias in a display in the detection of briefl...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Dunne MP,Hartley LR

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Smoking typically begins during adolescence and is largely reinforced by social cues. During adolescence in rats, sensitivity to both social cues and drugs of abuse is enhanced. OBJECTIVES:We have previously demonstrated in adolescent male rats that a low dose of cocaine interacts with social reward to produ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Thiel KJ,Sanabria F,Neisewander JL

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Calcineurin is a protein regulating cytokine expression in T lymphocytes and calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine A (CsA) are widely used for immunosuppressive therapy. It also plays a functional role in distinct neuronal processes in the central nervous system. Disturbed information processing as seen...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Brosda J,Becker T,Richter M,Jakobs M,Hörbelt T,Bendix I,Lückemann L,Schedlowski M,Hadamitzky M

更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Somatostatin and its receptors have been localized in brain nuclei implicated in motor control, such as the striatum, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and globus pallidus (GP). OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to investigate the role of somatostatin receptors (sst(1,2,4)) in the GP on dopamine ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Marazioti A,Pitychoutis PM,Papadopoulou-Daifoti Z,Spyraki C,Thermos K

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats exhibit profound individual differences in their propensity to ingest sugar and in their locomotor response to AMP. Intrinsic variation in the responsiveness of mesolimbic dopamine mechanisms has been suggested to account for these individual differences. In light of this overlap, it might be expected that indivi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sills TL,Vaccarino FJ

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:It has been proposed that brain aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) plays a role in the modulation of some psychopharmacological effects of ethanol. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), an ALDH inhibitor, elevates blood acetaldehyde levels in the presence of ethanol. Concurrent administration with 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP)...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Escarabajal MD,Aragon CM

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00