Abstract:
:In patients with TIA or ischemic stroke of noncardiac origin antiplatelet drugs are able to decrease the risk of stroke by 11-15%, and the risk of stroke, MI, and vascular death by 15-22%, but not mortality. Low doses of aspirin (50-325 mg) are as effective as high doses and cause less gastrointestinal side effects. Severe bleeding complications are not dose-dependent. The combination of aspirin with slow release dipyridamole is superior to aspirin alone for stroke prevention. Ticlopidine is superior to aspirin but has slightly more serious adverse effects (neutropenia). It will be replaced by clopidgrel which has a better safety profile. Anticoagulation with an INR between 3.0 and 4.5 is too dangerous. Whether anticoagulation with lower INR is safe and effective is not yet known.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Diener HCdoi
10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70196-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-01 00:00:00pages
343-55issue
2eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(05)70196-1journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography provide important and complementary information as part of an electrodiagnostic study. Potential technical problems that are encountered during the studies may interfere with accurate and reliable acquisition of information and interpretation of the data. Recognitio...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.12.008
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postamputation phenomena, including painful and nonpainful phantom sensations occur following loss of limbs and other body parts. Peripheral and central nervous system mechanisms play a role in persistent phantom pain. Understanding the pathophysiology of this syndrome has improved in recent years. Comprehensive evalu...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70105-5
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory system and the central nervous system are interconnected in a delicate balance; disorders in this equilibrium can have devastating consequences. Respiratory dysfunction, whether acute or chronic, may cause neurologic disease, including headache, encephalopathy, and in extreme cases, coma and death. Thi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00062-8
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syncope, or the sudden loss of consciousness, is a common presenting symptom for evaluation by neurologists. It is not a unique diagnosis but rather a common manifestation of disorders with diverse mechanisms. Loss of consciousness is typically preceded by a prodrome of symptoms and sometimes there is a clear trigger....
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2016.04.002
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy affects over one percent of the population, including nearly one million women of childbearing potential. Women with epilepsy represent a particularly challenging group for neurologists and other health care professionals. Affected women are unaware of many of the unique issues they face, including the relati...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70024-4
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classifications and definitions are essential to facilitate communication; promote accurate diagnostic criteria; develop, test, and use effective therapies; and specify knowledge gaps. This article describes the development of the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD) initiative. It describes its...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.010
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and comprise 15% to 20% of all malignancies in children. Presentation, symptoms, and signs depend on tumor location and age of the patient at the time of diagnosis. This article summarizes the common childhood CNS tumors, presen...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2018.04.009
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, the authors provide a conceptual framework in which to consider alternative approaches to identify the developmental consequences of exposing the developing brain to neurotoxic substances. Concepts underlying brain development and issues regarding neurobehavioral testing in children are reviewed. In a...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70210-3
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addressed are the features of postviral and postvaccinial syndromes affecting the CNS. The relationships among acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, EAE, and MS are discussed. Among the postvaccination syndromes covered are the neurologic sequelae of pertussis immunizations, with a description of a mouse model of this...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Face recognition is one of the most complex visual tasks performed by the human brain. Data from monkeys suggest that area IT may play a key role in identifying faces, and functional imaging research suggests that the human homologue of IT may be located in the medial occipitotemporal cortex, where a FFA has been loca...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00106-8
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsurgical, conservative approaches to spine pain include medication and physical therapy. In addition, several invasive procedures have been developed to provide relief when conservative options fail. These include facet joint injection and radiofrequency ablation techniques, translaminar and transforaminal epidural...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2007.01.010
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a unique neurodegenerative disease that can be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease and other diseases that result in cognitive complaints. The primary anatomic focus of degeneration determines the clinical presentation, which can vary from aphasia to behavioral symptoms. Expanding ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70235-8
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selecting appropriate laboratory tests in diagnosing peripheral neuropathies is important because it increases the yield of correct diagnoses and is cost effective. A large number of tests are available. This article provides a guide to selecting appropriate tests and reviews the clinical situations that suggest speci...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70246-2
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myoclonus is defined as sudden, brief, shock-like, involuntary movements caused by muscular contractions or inhibitions. Etiologic classification organizes the myoclonus disorders and provides major categories of clinical presentation. However, classifying myoclonus according to its source provides insight about its p...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2009.04.002
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed class of medications in the United States. The clinician should be mindful of the many antidepressants that can produce seizures following an accidental exposure or an overdose. A broader understanding of the seizure potential of antidepressants, combined with the abili...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.05.003
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smartphones make mobile computing at point of care practical. Smartphones can think, sync, and link. Built-in and user-installed applications facilitate communications between neurologists and their medical colleagues and patients and augment data acquisition and processing in the core medical information domains of p...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2009.11.001
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. This article highlights several cases that the practicing neurologist may encounter in the treatment of MG. Diagnostic uncertainty continues to be an issue in patients who are seronegative to the 2 most common antibodies, acetylcholine recep...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2020.03.005
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the evidence for comorbidity of migraine with psychiatric disorders, particularly the affective and anxiety disorders. Studies of the association between migraine and depression in both clinical and community studies have provided consistent evidence regarding a substantial degree of comorbidity b...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70298-x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the magnitude of the problem of motor fluctuations in patients who have Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa, a significant effort has been expended by physicians, researchers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers over the years to find effective treatments. This article briefly reviews the medical options for ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.05.006
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prions diseases are uniformly fatal neurodegenerative diseases that occur in sporadic, genetic, and acquired forms. Acquired prion diseases, caused by infectious transmission, are least common. Most prion diseases are not infectious, but occur spontaneously through misfolding of normal prion proteins or genetic mutati...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2018.07.005
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation and treatment of spinal cord injury continues to evolve, enhanced by new imaging modalities. Their application in reference to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine is discussed. Treatment options, both conservative and surgical, are outlined. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fourth edition of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders defines delirium as "a reversible state of confusion with a reduced level of consciousness manifest as an inability to focus, sustain or shift attention." Pharmacologic agents are important contributors to delirium in hospitalized elderly ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2004.01.001
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of IH for 24 hours in patients who remain comatose following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest improves outcomes. How-ever, the induction of hypothermia has several physiologic effects that need to be considered. A protocol for the rapid induction of hypothermia is described. At present, the ra...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2005.10.007
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke involving the brainstem and cerebellum frequently presents acute vestibular syndrome. Although vascular vertigo is known to usually accompany other neurologic symptoms and signs, isolated vertigo from small infarcts involving the cerebellum or brainstem has been increasingly recognized. Bedside neuro-otologic e...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.006
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-induced seizures are a commonly encountered problem for physicians. In this article, drugs that cause seizures are discussed with regards to the incidence of seizures, associated clinical factors, risk factors, and special treatment considerations. This information should help physicians determine appropriate eva...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three states of mammalian being--wakefulness, REM sleep, and NREM sleep--are not mutually exclusive and may occur simultaneously, oscillate rapidly, or appear in dissociated or incomplete form to produce primary sleep parasomnias. Dysfunctions of a wide variety of organ systems may take advantage of the sleeping s...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70280-2
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal cell replication is regulated by growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) that act through binding to specific surface receptors on target cells. Oncogenes may exert their transforming activity by encoding proteins that mimic the function of the normal regul...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paraproteinemia frequently is associated with peripheral neuropathy. The clinical manifestations can be protean owing to the potential for multiple organ involvement. A methodical diagnostic approach to patients who have a plasma cell dyscrasia and neuropathy is necessary to ensure the appropriate detection of more wi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2006.12.002
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathies due to nutritional problems can affect certain patient populations and have a varied presentation because of multiple coexistent nutritional deficiencies. Clinicians should consider nutritional neuropathies in patients presenting with neuropathies. Clinicians should be alert for signs and symptoms of neur...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2013.02.002
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasomnias are classified into nonrapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep parasomnias. It is important for the clinician to consider other parasomnia mimics that present to the sleep disorders clinic. These conditions can be differentiated by taking a detailed sleep history and conducting nocturnal polysomnog...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2012.08.016
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00