Abstract：
:The fourth edition of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders defines delirium as "a reversible state of confusion with a reduced level of consciousness manifest as an inability to focus, sustain or shift attention." Pharmacologic agents are important contributors to delirium in hospitalized elderly patients and those patients in the perioperative state. Delirium is especially problematic in patients who are given multiple agents, including hypnotics and analgesics. With an appropriate history, physical examination, and investigations, the causes of delirium can be categorized and are usually due to drug intoxication, metabolic disorders, infection, cardiac disorders, stroke, trauma, reactions to pain, or isolation.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Hanson MR,Gálvez-Jiménez Ndoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2004.01.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
vii-viii, 413-22issue
2eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733861904000027journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Selecting appropriate laboratory tests in diagnosing peripheral neuropathies is important because it increases the yield of correct diagnoses and is cost effective. A large number of tests are available. This article provides a guide to selecting appropriate tests and reviews the clinical situations that suggest speci...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70246-2
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurologic complications are a major cause of morbidity, complicating open heart surgery, cardiac catheterization, and interventional techniques. Global or focal brain ischemia related to embolism or hypoperfusion predominates. Breakthrough cerebral hemorrhage and infection can complicate cardiac transplantation. Iden...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oromandibular disorders are functional disorders and associated pains in the anatomic region of the temporomandibular joint. Their diagnosis and treatment are controversial because of the lack of conformity concerning these disorders among health care providers. This article provides a clear classification of these di...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of disorders that cause blood vessel inflammation and necrosis. Vasculitis may represent a primary disease process or a secondary manifestation of an underlying systemic condition. Neurologic symptoms and signs are common in most of the vasculitic syndromes and may be the pre...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SEPs may be recorded over the spine and scalp to stimulation of any accessible mixed or sensory nerve in the extremities. SEP abnormalities are useful in detecting lesions in central somatosensory pathways. They do not establish a specific diagnosis, but they may suggest or support a diagnosis made on clinical grounds...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a unique neurodegenerative disease that can be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease and other diseases that result in cognitive complaints. The primary anatomic focus of degeneration determines the clinical presentation, which can vary from aphasia to behavioral symptoms. Expanding ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70235-8
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past 40 years have seen the evolution of acute ischemic stroke management from unproven therapies du jour, such as steroids, heparin for stroke in evolution, and hypervolemic-hemodilution, to more of a scientific basis for our decision-making process. This evolution is directly related to the advancements in imagi...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.09.014
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mortality and morbidity from kidney disease and the spectrum of renal-associated neurologic disease have changed markedly since the introduction of renal dialysis and with the advent of renal transplantation. This article includes historical studies of the neurologic complications of acute uremia, now fairly uncommon,...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00052-5
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is a noninvasive, bedside, portable tool for assessment of cerebral hemodynamics. Modern TCD head frames allow continuous hands-free emboli detection for risk stratification and assessment of treatment efficacy in several cardiovascular diseases. Identifying a focal stenosis,...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2019.09.006
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke involving the brainstem and cerebellum frequently presents acute vestibular syndrome. Although vascular vertigo is known to usually accompany other neurologic symptoms and signs, isolated vertigo from small infarcts involving the cerebellum or brainstem has been increasingly recognized. Bedside neuro-otologic e...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.006
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Throughout pregnancy and the puerperium, a variety of hormonal and physiologic changes occur that are associated with pregnancy-specific neurologic conditions, which may also influence known preexisting medical conditions or bring previously unknown neurologic conditions to clinical attention. This article reviews the...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2012.06.003
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author defines lacunes, classifies types of lacunes and their causes, discusses the correlation between lacunes and specific syndromes, and suggests appropriate therapy. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is a substantial contributor to long-term disability in survivors of critical illness. Critical illness polyneuropathy, critical illness myopathy, and muscle atrophy from disuse contribute in various proportions to ICUAW. ICUAW is a clinical diagnosis supported by electrop...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2017.06.008
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The natural history of MS is highly variable. There is substantial heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations but, at this point, it is reasonable to consider all idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system as representing a spectrum of the same disease. In large populations, 20% to ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can be challenging to diagnose. This review provides a diagnostic approach based predominantly on the clinical history and neurologic examination. Laboratory testing that can be used to confirm the suspected diagnosis based on this pattern recognition approach is ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2014.04.008
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parasomnias are classified into nonrapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep parasomnias. It is important for the clinician to consider other parasomnia mimics that present to the sleep disorders clinic. These conditions can be differentiated by taking a detailed sleep history and conducting nocturnal polysomnog...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2012.08.016
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disorders of the autonomic and small nerve fibers comprise a wide spectrum of disease states that cross a multitude of clinical specialties.The evaluation of these disorders allows the investigator to determine the presence or absence of abnormalities in the lightly myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers with minima...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2004.03.002
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Encephalitis is an acute infection of brain parenchyma characterized clinically by fever, headache, and an altered level of consciousness. There may also be focal or multifocal neurologic deficits, and focal or generalized seizure activity. This article discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70168-7
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electronystagmography in 1990 should identify a vestibular abnormality with which to associate the clinical symptoms. The vestibular test battery method and interpretation reveals its application in neurotologic diagnosis. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, the authors present a critical overview of the historical development, indications, complications, operative techniques, and results of procedures for the alleviation of the major dyskinesias. Emphasis is placed upon recent refinement of technique, particularly stereotaxis, as well as neurophysiologic ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We believe that our present understanding of these syndromes is insufficient to separate CIDP from MMN clearly and consider MMN to be a remarkably multifocal, predominantly motor variant of CIDP with the very unusual electrophysiologic feature of conduction block confined to motor axons. Further studies are clearly ne...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Classifications and definitions are essential to facilitate communication; promote accurate diagnostic criteria; develop, test, and use effective therapies; and specify knowledge gaps. This article describes the development of the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD) initiative. It describes its...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.010
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug-induced seizures are a commonly encountered problem for physicians. In this article, drugs that cause seizures are discussed with regards to the incidence of seizures, associated clinical factors, risk factors, and special treatment considerations. This information should help physicians determine appropriate eva...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A specific genetic diagnosis can be reached for most children with muscular dystrophy. Advanced diagnostics, including genetic testing and analysis of nonmuscle tissues, such as skin and blood, often allow the diagnosis to be reached using minimally invasive procedures. These diagnostic advances accompany improved und...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00065-3
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson disease (PD) is well recognized by its motor features of bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and gait and balance difficulties. However, PD is also characterized by a myriad of nonmotor symptoms, which may occur even before motor symptoms, early in the course of disease, and throughout the advancing disease. The...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2019.12.003
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the evidence for comorbidity of migraine with psychiatric disorders, particularly the affective and anxiety disorders. Studies of the association between migraine and depression in both clinical and community studies have provided consistent evidence regarding a substantial degree of comorbidity b...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70298-x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unresponsive patients with or without catatonic motor signs are etiologically heterogeneous, and all require a comprehensive neurodiagnostic assessment to rule out organic causes. Most cases prove to be due to primary psychiatric disorders, mostly mood disorders, especially mania, rather than schizophrenia. These pati...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.07.006
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The substantial societal and individual burdens associated with tension-type headache (TTH) constitute a previously overlooked major public health issue. TTH is prevalent, affecting up to 78% of the general population, and 3% suffer from chronic TTH. Pericranial myofascial nociception probably is important for the pat...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.11.010
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of pyogenic infections of the brain and meninges varies principally by age, predisposing causes or conditions, and anatomic site of the infection. An appreciation of these factors, plus the prudent use of noninvasive anatomic diagnostic techniques (such as CT) and examination of the CSF, will provide a ba...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias are a diverse and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by degeneration and dysfunction of the cerebellum and its associated pathways. Clinical and diagnostic evaluation can be challenging because of phenotypic overlap among causes, and a stratified an...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2013.04.006
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
