Case-control study of exposure to medication and the risk of injurious falls requiring hospitalization among nursing home residents.

abstract：:The term shoe-leather epidemiology is often synonymous with field epidemiology or intervention epidemiology. All 3 terms imply investigations initiated in response to urgent public health problems and for which the investigative team does much of its work in the field (i.e., outside the office or laboratory). Alexande...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Koo D,Thacker SB

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated independent effects of maternal and paternal age on risk of autism spectrum disorder. A case-cohort design was implemented using data from 10 US study sites participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. The 1994 birth co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Durkin MS,Maenner MJ,Newschaffer CJ,Lee LC,Cunniff CM,Daniels JL,Kirby RS,Leavitt L,Miller L,Zahorodny W,Schieve LA

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult height is determined by genetics and childhood nutrition, but childhood infections may also play a role. Monozygotic twins are genetically matched and offer an advantage when identifying environmental determinants. In 2005-2007, we examined the association of childhood infections with adult height in 140 height-...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hwang AE,Mack TM,Hamilton AS,Gauderman WJ,Bernstein L,Cockburn MG,Zadnick J,Rand KA,Hopper JL,Cozen W

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual-level health behaviors and outcomes have multi-level determinants (individual and environmental). Multi-level analysis seeks to explain individual outcomes in terms of both individual and environmental or aggregate variables. Ecologic fallacy (improper inference about individual-level associations based on ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Von Korff M,Koepsell T,Curry S,Diehr P

更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although advanced parental age at one's birth has been associated with increased risk of breast and prostate cancers, few studies have examined its effect on adult-onset sporadic hematologic malignancies. The authors examined the association of parents' ages at women's births with risk of hematologic malignancies amon...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lu Y,Ma H,Sullivan-Halley J,Henderson KD,Chang ET,Clarke CA,Neuhausen SL,West DW,Bernstein L,Wang SS

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrate and nitrite are precursors of N-nitroso compounds, which induce tumors of the pancreas in animals. The authors evaluated the relation of dietary nitrate and nitrite to pancreatic cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Nitrate and nitrite intakes were assessed at baseline using a 124-item food frequ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Aschebrook-Kilfoy B,Cross AJ,Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ,Schatzkin A,Hollenbeck AR,Sinha R,Ward MH

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In November 1986, a statewide outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in Washington State was identified after a physician in an eastern Washington community hospitalized three patients with hemorrhagic colitis which progressed to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Epidemiologic investigation identified 37 c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ostroff SM,Griffin PM,Tauxe RV,Shipman LD,Greene KD,Wells JG,Lewis JH,Blake PA,Kobayashi JM

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between passive smoking and lung cancer was examined by means of a case-control study in a cohort of 27,409 nonsmoking Swedish women identified from questionnaires mailed in 1961 and 1963. A total of 77 cases of primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung were found in a follow-up of the cohort through 1980...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Pershagen G,Hrubec Z,Svensson C

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccinating school-aged children against influenza can reduce age-specific and population-level illness attack rates. Using a stochastic simulation model of influenza transmission, the authors assessed strategies for vaccinating children in the United States, varying the vaccine type, coverage level, and reproductive ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Basta NE,Chao DL,Halloran ME,Matrajt L,Longini IM Jr

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between standardized cancer mortality rate ratios from 1969-1978 and dietary practices was examined in an ecologic study of the 24 counties of Sweden by means of several independent data sources. The study supports the hypothesis that a high intake of cereal fiber protects against colorectal cancer (r ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rosén M,Nyström L,Wall S

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periconceptional intake of folic acid prevents some neural tube defects (NTDs). Other nutrients may also contribute to NTD etiologies; a likely candidate is choline. Similar to folic acid, choline is involved in one-carbon metabolism for methylation of homocysteine to methionine. The authors investigated whether mater...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Shaw GM,Carmichael SL,Yang W,Selvin S,Schaffer DM

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There is an association between stress and dementia. However, less is known about dementia among persons with varied stress responses and sex differences in these associations. We used this population-based cohort study to examine dementia among persons with a range of clinician-diagnosed stress disorders, as well as ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gradus JL,Horváth-Puhó E,Lash TL,Ehrenstein V,Tamang S,Adler NE,Milstein A,Glymour MM,Henderson VW,Sørensen HT

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many neural tube defects can be prevented if women take folic acid around the time of conception. However, the majority of women do not take folic acid at the critical time, so the US government required that food be fortified with folic acid effective January 1, 1998. Whether the amount being added was sufficient to ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mills JL,Carter TC

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-fiber diets are associated with improved lipid profiles. However, pre- and postmenopausal women respond differently to fiber intake, suggesting that endogenous estradiol mediates the effect. The authors' objective was to determine the direct effect of fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mumford SL,Schisterman EF,Siega-Riz AM,Gaskins AJ,Wactawski-Wende J,VanderWeele TJ

更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately 40,000 blood samples drawn in 1968-1972 by the Social Insurance Institution's mobile clinic in Finland have been stored. Linking cancer incidence data obtained from the Finnish Cancer Registry with this material yielded 32 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed after drawing of the blood sample. These 32 ind...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hakama M,Lehtinen M,Knekt P,Aromaa A,Leinikki P,Miettinen A,Paavonen J,Peto R,Teppo L

更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increased recognition that determinants of health should be investigated in a life-course perspective. Retirement is a major transition in the life course and offers opportunities for changes in physical activity that may improve health in the aging population. The authors examined the effect of retirement on...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Slingerland AS,van Lenthe FJ,Jukema JW,Kamphuis CB,Looman C,Giskes K,Huisman M,Narayan KM,Mackenbach JP,Brug J

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to estimate the association between intrauterine growth and childhood survival, data on birth weight and gestational age from the Norwegian Birth Registry, for all children who survived the first year of life and who were born during the period 1967-1989 were linked to the National Cause of Death Registry for...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Samuelsen SO,Magnus P,Bakketeig LS

更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health tobacco control efforts have increasingly targeted communities in addition to individuals. Before population smoking decreases, effectiveness might be detected from initial outcomes reflecting these efforts, such as higher cigarette prices or more workplace and home smoking restrictions. Presumably, thes...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gilpin EA,Stillman FA,Hartman AM,Gibson JT,Pierce JP

更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious transmission of streptococci in families has been demonstrated to follow Greenwood's chain-binomial model in its simplest form which did not need beta transformation to correct for differences in susceptibility between families. Following the application of this model, an estimate of the risk of acquisition...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Poku K

更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the role of DNA repair in susceptibility to sunlight-induced basal cell carcinoma using a host cell reactivation assay in peripheral lymphocytes. The study included Maryland basal cell carcinoma patients and cancer-free dermatologic controls who had had noncancerous skin disorders diagnosed bet...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wei Q,Matanoski GM,Farmer ER,Hedayati MA,Grossman L

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prospective evidence of the associations of smoking cessation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other causes of death in Asia is scarce. Previous studies, which were mostly based on baseline smoking behavior only, were subject to sick-quitter bias and misclassification resulting from changes in smo...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： He Y,Jiang B,Li LS,Li LS,Sun DL,Wu L,Liu M,He SF,Liang BQ,Hu FB,Lam TH

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence rates in India were estimated using a new method that accounts for follow-up bias. Follow-up bias arises in epidemiologic cohort studies when the incidence rate among individuals who do and do not return for follow-up are different. The new method combines data on the preva...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brookmeyer R,Quinn T,Shepherd M,Mehendale S,Rodrigues J,Bollinger R

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This longitudinal study examined the mortality and cancer experience of workers at the Gulf Oil refinery located in Port Arthur, Texas. The cohort was studied over a period of 41 years, from 1937 to 1978, and consisted of 16,880 employees, with an accumulation of 406,198 person-years; 4361 deaths were observed. Emphas...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wen CP,Tsai SP,McClellan WA,Gibson RL

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In light of increasing obesity among the elderly, understanding the role of nutritional guidelines in preventing weight gain is of major importance. The authors evaluated the impact of the French Programme National Nutrition Santé (PNNS)-Guideline Score (GS) (maximum score, 15 points) on anthropometric changes in a la...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kesse-Guyot E,Castetbon K,Estaquio C,Czernichow S,Galan P,Hercberg S

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal genetic variation may serve as a biomarker in studies aimed at clarifying fetal determinants of infant or adult disease. The log-linear approach to case-parent triad data (LCPT) can be used to investigate maternal genetic polymorphisms in relation to offspring disease risk, but LCPT operating characteristics ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Starr JR,Hsu L,Schwartz SM

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2018, the Society for Epidemiologic Research and its partner journal, the American Journal of Epidemiology, assembled a working group to develop a set of papers devoted to the "future of epidemiology." These 14 papers covered a wide range of topic areas and perspectives, from thoughts on our profession, teaching, a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Olshan AF,Diez Roux AV,Hatch M,Klebanoff MA

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and utility of administrative health data in identifying persons with inflammatory bowel disease on a population basis and to determine the incidence and prevalence of this disease in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The data from Manitoba Health (the province's singl...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bernstein CN,Blanchard JF,Rawsthorne P,Wajda A

更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the relation of increased mortality and morbidity to personal loss and damage following the 1988 earthquake in Armenia, the authors conducted a prospective study of mortality and a nested case-control analysis of incident morbidity. Employees of the Armenian Ministry of Health and their immediate families (n...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Armenian HK,Melkonian AK,Hovanesian AP

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors have investigated associations between offspring size at birth and parental cardiovascular disease mortality among 12,086 mothers and 6,936 fathers of participants in the British 1958 birth cohort. Birth weight was inversely associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in both mothers a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Davey Smith G,Hyppönen E,Power C,Lawlor DA

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Familial resemblance in the blood pressure response to sodium restriction in normotensive persons was investigated. Forty-four families of identical twin children participated in a sodium restriction (less than or equal to 75 meq/day) protocol for a period of 12 weeks. Subjects were residents of central Indiana, and t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Miller JZ,Weinberger MH,Christian JC,Daugherty SA

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00