Abstract:
:Infectious transmission of streptococci in families has been demonstrated to follow Greenwood's chain-binomial model in its simplest form which did not need beta transformation to correct for differences in susceptibility between families. Following the application of this model, an estimate of the risk of acquisition of M-typable group A beta-hemolytic streptococci is given (p = 0.05--0.06). The risk is the same among siblings of rheumatic fever patients and children from non-rheumatic families. This emphasizes that the familial aggregation associated with rheumatic fever is not due to increased susceptibility of such families to streptococcal infections.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Poku Kdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112677subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-02-01 00:00:00pages
226-35issue
2eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
109pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Measurements of neighborhood exposures likely vary depending on the definition of "neighborhood" selected. This study examined the extent to which neighborhood definition influences findings regarding spatial accessibility to tobacco retailers among youth. We defined spatial accessibility to tobacco retailers (i.e., t...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt251
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of injury data requires different considerations from the analysis of other types of outcomes because an individual can experience the outcome many times. When describing injury patterns using numerator-only data (e.g., proportion of upper-extremity injuries vs. lower-extremity injuries), simple compariso...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp265
更新日期:2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::More than a century of empirical evidence links marital status to mortality. However, the hazards of dying associated with long-term marital trajectories and contributing risk factors are largely unknown. The authors used 1992-2006 prospective data from a cohort of US adults to investigate the impact of current marita...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp194
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have reported an increased risk of multiple myeloma associated with excess body weight. We investigated the risk of multiple myeloma in relation to separate measures of adiposity and energy balance at different ages in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a large prospective co...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kws295
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::A recent article by Little et al. (Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:544-54) reported that infants in Seattle, Washington, who were breastfed by mothers who smoked gained more weight than either infants who were breastfed by mothers who did not smoke or infants who were bottle-fed by mothers who smoked. In this study, the autho...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009423
更新日期:1998-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Exposures to cadmium, lead, and mercury are associated with adverse health effects, including cardiovascular disease, which may be promoted by lipid peroxidation. The authors examined cadmium, lead, and mercury in relation to plasma levels of F(2)-8α isoprostanes (isoprostane), 9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr375
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety-seven symptomatic and five asymptomatic infections with viral hepatitis, type A (102 cases) were identified in members, guests and employees of a private country club in an outbreak associated with consuming food and ice prepared or handled by an employee of the club's kitchen pantry. Twenty-three symptomatic p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112978
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors that influence circulating sex hormones, such as physical activity, have been proposed to influence ovarian cancer risk; however, results from previous epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent. The authors examined the association among physical activity, sedentary behavior, and ovarian cancer risk in the ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwj098
更新日期:2006-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined the associations between placental vascular findings and preterm delivery in 1,053 subcohort women (239 preterm, 814 term) from a Michigan pregnancy cohort study (1998-2004). Twenty-nine placental vascular variables from microscopic examinations were grouped into 5 constructs: 3 maternal construct...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp131
更新日期:2009-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and prevalent case-control studies suggest an association between biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, and adiposity and cancer risk, but results from prospective studies have been limited. The authors' objective was to prospectively examine the relations between these biomarkers and cancer r...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/aje/kws359
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, we evaluated the influence of adulthood weight history on mortality risk. The National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study is an observational cohort study of US men and women who were aged 50-71 years at entry in 1995-1996. This...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt254
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration, within its normal range, has recently been proposed as a reliable marker of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central pathogenic role in many metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases, incidences of which have recently increased in South Korea. Since serum G...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwj006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity (body mass index >or=30 kg/m(2)) is a growing urban health concern, but few studies have examined whether, how, or why obesity prevalence has changed over time within cities. This study characterized the individual- and neighborhood-level determinants and distribution of obesity in New York City from 2003 to 2...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp458
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diagnostic testing is recommended in women with "ovarian cancer symptoms." However, these symptoms are nonspecific. The ongoing Diagnosing Ovarian Cancer Early (DOVE) Study in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, provides diagnostic testing to women aged 50 years or older with symptoms lasting for more than 2 weeks and less than...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kww086
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simulation model was used to study the spread of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), namely gonorrhea and genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The model is based on a stochastic pair formation and separation process, which describes the underlying structure of the sexual contact pattern. It is impleme...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008926
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of respiratory tract illnesses (RTI) in adult humans during October and November 1975 at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, were investigated by viral isolation and serologic procedures. The recovery of viral agents was enhanced by use of cell cultures in the field. Recoveries of parainfluenzaviruses types 1 and 3...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112857
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple imputation is increasingly recommended in epidemiology to adjust for the bias and loss of information that may occur in analyses restricted to study participants with complete data ("complete-case analyses"). However, little guidance is available on applying the method, including which variables to include in...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq137
更新日期:2010-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 4678 persons participated in an Allegheny County, Pennsylvania glaucoma screening program in 1977. Black participants had higher mean intraocular pressures, more frequent pathologic disc changes and more new cases of glaucoma discovered than a sample of white participants matched for sex and age. The same y...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112954
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors abstracted a sample of 7,536 hospital medical records to validate the accuracy of the coding of obstetric information on 1) birth certificates, 2) a statewide computerized hospital discharge abstract data system, and 3) a linked file merging birth certificates and the hospital abstract data for Washington ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116834
更新日期:1993-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although erectile dysfunction is frequently seen in patients with manifestations of arteriosclerotic disease, the independent contribution of serum cholesterol in predicting erectile dysfunction is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between serum cholesterol and erectile dysfunction. Medical hi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117181
更新日期:1994-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The health status of 1025 urban senior citizens in a Montreal metropolitan area was determined by a questionnaire based on the subjects' view of physical, mental, and general well-being, and of dependence (indicators of Belloc et al., Berkman, Grogono and Woodgate, and Linn). A principal component analysis was made of...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112820
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most, but not all, studies in Western countries have indicated that women have a higher mortality than men after an acute myocardial infarction, but this has not been well documented in the developing world. The authors studied 601 male and 294 female myocardial infarction patients, aged 26-94 years, admitted to a cit...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117059
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a 1995-1996 cohort study in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh, morbidity in 117 hospitalized and 137 acute measles cases compared with age-matched children without measles (unexposed) was determined by weekly interview for 6 months. Compared with unexposed children, there were higher incidences of hospitalization (adju...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010267
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sibling aggregation of blood pressure has been shown in children 2 to 14 years of age. To determine the earliest age at which this finding is detectable, blood pressures were evaluated in 98 siblings from 43 black families with newborns. Variances of blood pressure scores were significantly greater among families than...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112247
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether caffeine intake during pregnancy is related to intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and preterm birth remains unclear. The purpose of this population-based study is to assess these associations and to evaluate the interaction between caffeine intake and smoking. The study participants (n = 7,025)...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116763
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patterns of change in blood lipids, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking and drinking behaviors, and exercise were examined in an ongoing longitudinal study from 1991 to 1995 of 150 middle-aged Melbourne, Australia, women as they passed through menopause. Changes in risk factors over time were examin...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010246
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In an epidemiologic study of 2982 bladder carcinoma patients and 5782 population controls from 10 geographic areas of the United States, the role of urinary tract infection and inflammation in the etiology of this neoplasm was evaluated. A history of urinary tract infection significantly elevated the risk of bladder c...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113768
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leisure-time physical activity enhances health and functioning in older populations. However, few data are available on the correlation between self-reported leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly. Treadmill exercise testing results were obtained for 1,006 members (median age 67 ye...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009382
更新日期:1998-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::A seroepidemiologic study of prevalence of antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) was simultaneously done in four populations: group I, nuns working as nurses or school teachers; group II, women admitted to a upper socioeconomic private hospital; group III, women admitted to a lower socioeconomic county hospital, and group...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112168
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Baltimore Eye Survey was a population-based survey conducted from January 1985 to November 1988 among residents of east Baltimore, Maryland, who were 40 years of age or older. A total of 5,308 black subjects and white subjects received a comprehensive screening examination for glaucoma including tonometry, visual ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116013
更新日期:1991-11-15 00:00:00