A strong secular trend in serum gamma-glutamyltransferase from 1996 to 2003 among South Korean men.

abstract：:The results of a case-control study in Toronto, Canada, demonstrated a two-fold risk of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix among current smokers relative to women who had never smoked. This significant effect of smoking was not diminished by simultaneously adjusting for age, education, and indices of sexua...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Clarke EA,Morgan RW,Newman AM

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several groups of variola isolates were compared in DNA structure, and by four independent biologic markers. Isolates of variola minor from Europe and South America (alastrim virus) could be distinguished from African isolates of variola minor by DNA structure and by two of the four biologic markers. Taken as a group,...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dumbell KR,Huq F

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis and thrombosis may lead to cognitive impairment through cerebral infarcts or white matter hyperintensities. Oxidative stress is now seen as a major contributor to the process of atherogenesis. High intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, e.g., linoleic acid, or low intake of antioxidants can increase ox...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kalmijn S,Feskens EJ,Launer LJ,Kromhout D

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from 12 US case-control studies of ovarian cancer, conducted during the period 1956-1986 and representing some 3,000 cases and 10,000 controls, were pooled and reanalyzed. Separate analyses were conducted for four subgroups of the pooled data: invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women; epithelial ovarian...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Whittemore AS,Harris R,Itnyre J,Halpern J

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A higher serum phosphorus level is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events among community-living populations. Mechanisms are unknown. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) provides information on both atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. In this cross-sectional study (2000-2002), the authors evaluated the ass...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Meng J,Wassel CL,Kestenbaum BR,Collins TC,Criqui MH,Lewis CE,Cummings SR,Ix JH,Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group.

更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In his 1976 paper "Estimability and Estimation in Case-Referent Studies" (Am J Epidemiol. 1976;103(2):226-235), Miettinen weaved together a patchwork of new ideas into a coherent view of case-control studies. His article spurred theoretical development in epidemiologic methods and became a platform for teaching about ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rothman KJ

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for patients with unipolar depression, yet there is little guidance on which SSRI provides the most benefit to a patient, based on her/his personal characteristics. In this work, we explore whether an individualized treatment strategy can be ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Coulombe J,Moodie EEM,Shortreed SM,Renoux C

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with functional decline and improvement in a community-dwelling population of people aged 75 years and older. A representative sample of elderly people living at home in the city of Sherbrooke (Quebec, Canada) was assessed yearly on three occasions (199...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hébert R,Brayne C,Spiegelhalter D

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey was carried out on a random sample of 1,288 Mexican Americans and 929 Anglos living in three socially distinct neighborhoods in San Antonio, Texas. Hypertension was defined as diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mmHg or currently taking antihypertensive medication. Overall age-adjusted preval...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Franco LJ,Stern MP,Rosenthal M,Haffner SM,Hazuda HP,Comeaux PJ

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin lesions are classic clinical signs of toxicity due to long-term exposure to arsenic, and they are considered precursors to arsenic-related skin cancer. The authors prospectively evaluated synergisms between effects of arsenic exposure and those of tobacco use, sun exposure, and pesticide and fertilizer use on inc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Melkonian S,Argos M,Pierce BL,Chen Y,Islam T,Ahmed A,Syed EH,Parvez F,Graziano J,Rathouz PJ,Ahsan H

更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer in women was investigated in a population-based case-control study conducted in Adelaide, Australia during 1982-1984. Cases were identified through the South Australian Central Cancer Registry, and, for each case, one age-matched control was selected...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rohan TE,Baron JA

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periconceptional intake of folic acid prevents some neural tube defects (NTDs). Other nutrients may also contribute to NTD etiologies; a likely candidate is choline. Similar to folic acid, choline is involved in one-carbon metabolism for methylation of homocysteine to methionine. The authors investigated whether mater...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Shaw GM,Carmichael SL,Yang W,Selvin S,Schaffer DM

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess the validity of prevalent and incident self-reported diabetes compared with multiple reference definitions and to assess the reliability (repeatability) of a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes. Data from 10,321 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) St...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Schneider AL,Pankow JS,Heiss G,Selvin E

更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Some studies have suggested that diabetes mellitus may decrease the risk of prostate cancer because of lower insulin levels. To further investigate the relation between diabetes and prostate cancer, a nested case-control study was conducted within the US Physicians' Health Study. Cases (n = 1,110) had been diagnosed w...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhu K,Lee IM,Sesso HD,Buring JE,Levine RS,Gaziano JM

更新日期：2004-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that smoking does not influence risk of cardiovascular diseases in populations with low serum cholesterol levels. To determine whether cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor among men with low levels of serum cholesterol, data on 25-year coronary, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Blanco-Cedres L,Daviglus ML,Garside DB,Liu K,Pirzada A,Stamler J,Greenland P

更新日期：2002-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports the results of an investigation of the acute effects of air pollution in 321 nonsmoking adults residing in Southern California. Previous epidemiologic investigations of effects of acute exposure to ozone have focused on groups who may not be representative of the general public, such as asthmatics o...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ostro BD,Lipsett MJ,Mann JK,Krupnick A,Harrington W

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of cigarette-smoking and nonfatal myocardial infarction (AMI) was evaluated using the case-control approach. Overall, the association was present for smokers of one and two packs per day, the standardized rate-ratio estimates being 1.5 and 1.7, respectively. The association was strongest in those who ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Miettinen OS,Neff RK,Jick H

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forty-three residents of 12 contiguous Connecticut communities were identified who had the onset of erythema chronicum migrans, Lyme arthritis, or both during the summer and fall of 1977. Nine of them (21%) remembered having been bitten by a tick at the site of the initial skin lesion a median of 12 days (range 3-20) ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Steere AC,Broderick TF,Malawista SE

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors utilize an analytic strategy that combines tree-based analyses with the method of Mantel-Haenszel to evaluate the association of 11 putative risk factors to spontaneous abortion by controlling for 19 potential confounders. Logistic regression is also used for comparison. The data for this study were collec...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang H,Bracken MB

更新日期：1996-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors assessed body mass index (BMI), measured as Quetelet's index (weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), in relation to lung cancer risk in never and former smokers by using data from a population-based, individually matched, case-control study conducted in New York State from 1982 to ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rauscher GH,Mayne ST,Janerich DT

更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers have failed to find a consistent association between childhood victimization and vulvodynia, a debilitating, unexplained vulvar pain condition. However, selection bias associated with case ascertainment, and differential reporting bias between clinic-based cases and controls, may explain in part the incons...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Harlow BL,Stewart EG

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mean levels of total cholesterol by sex and age were compared between groups of whites in visit 2 of the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study and in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). NHANES II estimates were found to be higher than comparable visit 2 estimates by 3-14 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kalsbeek WD,Kral KM,Wallace RB,Rifkind BM

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, the authors use the rubric of "coarsened data," of which missing and censored data are special cases, to motivate the elicitation and use of expert information for performing sensitivity analyses of censored event-time data. Elicited information is important because observed data are insufficient to est...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Shardell M,Scharfstein DO,Vlahov D,Galai N

更新日期：2008-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The return of fertility for women who discontinue oral contraceptives takes longer as compared with women who discontinue other methods of contraception. It remains unclear, however, whether subsequent fertility differs according to duration or age at first use. The authors performed a nested case-control study within...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Chasan-Taber L,Willett WC,Stampfer MJ,Spiegelman D,Rosner BA,Hunter DJ,Colditz GA,Manson JE

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study determined the distributions of uncorrected visual acuity and of refractive error in representative groups of Australian Aborigines and Australians of European origin aged 20-30 years. The methodology used in this study and its verification are described in detail. As a group, the Aborigines have significan...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Taylor HR

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to antibody analysis, approximately two of every three intravenous drug users in Iceland have become infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). In this study, serum samples from 55 HCV antibody-positive intravenous drug users (39 males and 16 females) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, and the viral str...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Löve A,Sigurdsson JR,Stanzeit B,Briem H,Rikardsdottir H,Widell A

更新日期：1996-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of epidemiology and clinical medicine is focused on estimating the effects of treatments or interventions administered over time. In such settings of longitudinal treatment, time-dependent confounding is often an important source of bias. Marginal structural models (MSMs) are a powerful tool for estimating the ca...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Petersen ML,Deeks SG,Martin JN,van der Laan MJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The age-specific prevalence of hepatitis A antibodies has been analyzed using a catalytic epidemic model for populations in seven European countries: West Germany, Norway, Greece, Switzerland, Holland, France and Sweden. The results indicate a significant decline in the force of infection in recent decades. However, t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Schenzle D,Dietz K,Frösner GG

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the period from September 8 to October 2, 1970, 44 of the 120 children and 78 of 141 adults questioned at the Children's Asthma Research Institute and Hospital experienced gastroenteritis characterized by nausea, vomiting, and fever and/or chills. Diarrhea was rare in children (4.5%) and common in adults (74%)....

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Judson FN,Molk L

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of summertime haze episodes on daily variations in symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs) was examined in a study of 108 children living in State College, Pennsylvania, during the summer of 1991. Twice daily, each child recorded symptoms, PEFRs and hours spent outdoors. Environmental measurements i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Neas LM,Dockery DW,Burge H,Koutrakis P,Speizer FE

更新日期：1996-04-15 00:00:00