Abstract：
:During the period from September 8 to October 2, 1970, 44 of the 120 children and 78 of 141 adults questioned at the Children's Asthma Research Institute and Hospital experienced gastroenteritis characterized by nausea, vomiting, and fever and/or chills. Diarrhea was rare in children (4.5%) and common in adults (74%). The median duration of illness for children, 18 hours, was significantly shorter than the 48 hours for adults. All viral and bacterial cultures of 30 stool specimens were negative for viruses and bacterial pathogens. A retrospective survey of 28 ill employees revealed a secondary attach rate of 46% of 76 family contacts. A bacteria-free filtrate prepared from stool swab specimens of 2 ill adults by a team at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases was administered orally to 3 adult volunteers. One of the 3 vomited and had 4 watery diarrheal stools on the third post-inoculation day. Diarrheal stool filtrates from this person were then given orally to 8 others; 1 became ill. Although the epidemiologic features point to the respiratory route of infection, the probably successful serial transmission of disease via bacteria-free stool filtrates through 2 generations of volunteers also suggests that the "Denver agent" is a virus-sized particle that replicates in the gastrointestinal tract.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Judson FN,Molk Ldoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112154subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-09-01 00:00:00pages
251-6issue
3eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The structured life course modeling approach (SLCMA) is a theory-driven analytic method that empirically compares multiple prespecified life course hypotheses characterizing time-dependent exposure-outcome relationships to determine which theory best fits the observed data. In this study, we performed simulations and ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwaa246
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence on dietary risk factors for ovarian cancer is inconsistent, but some studies have suggested positive associations with dietary fat, lactose, and cholesterol and negative associations with green and yellow vegetable intake. By using information from the Iowa Women's Health Study, the authors investigated the a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009723
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the period August 10-29, 1986, 29 confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease occurred in Sheboygan, Wisconsin; two cases were fatal. No common source of indoor exposure was identified. Water specimens were obtained from all known cooling tower units in Sheboygan; Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was isolated at 1 x...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115370
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analysis of injury data requires different considerations from the analysis of other types of outcomes because an individual can experience the outcome many times. When describing injury patterns using numerator-only data (e.g., proportion of upper-extremity injuries vs. lower-extremity injuries), simple compariso...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp265
更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Current hypotheses consonant with the peak in leukemia incidence in early childhood point to an infectious etiology. The authors examined the effect of postnatal exposures predicted to affect early immune functioning, including childhood vaccinations, illness, medication use, and breastfeeding patterns. Children 0-15 ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm339
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx347
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infectious transmission of streptococci in families has been demonstrated to follow Greenwood's chain-binomial model in its simplest form which did not need beta transformation to correct for differences in susceptibility between families. Following the application of this model, an estimate of the risk of acquisition...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112677
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary clinical databases are an important and growing source of data for comparative effectiveness research (CER) studies. However, measurement of confounders, such as biomarker values or patient-reported health status, in secondary clinical databases may not align with the initiation of a new treatment. In many p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kww136
更新日期：2017-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A randomized field trial was conducted in Tecumseh, Michigan, to test the efficacy of virucidal nasal tissues in interrupting transmission of respiratory agents in the household. In the double-blinded trial, 296 households were stratified by household size and randomly assigned to the group using treated tissues and t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115011
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors used a transgenerational data set of Illinois vital records to ascertain the relation between parental birth weights and infant birth weight. The infant generation consisted of all African Americans and whites born in Illinois during 1989-1991. The parent generation included the mothers and fathers who wer...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009197
更新日期：1997-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Although randomized controlled trials are regarded as the gold standard for comparison of treatments, evidence from observational studies is still relevant. To cope with the problem of possible confounding in these studies, investigators need methods for analyzing their results which adjust for confounders and lead to...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn010
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among men of Japanese ancestry, there is a gradient in the occurrence of coronary heart disease (CHD). It is lowest in Japan, intermediate in Hawaii, and highest in California. This gradient appears not to be completely explained by differences in dietary intake, serum cholesterol, blood pressure or smoking. To test t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112296
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies have focused on the impact of weight maintenance on cardiovascular disease risk factors or addressed whether changes differ by baseline weight status and medication usage. The authors examined these issues using 9 years of follow-up data on 3,235 men and women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwk072
更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In a 1994-1998 cross-sectional study of a multiethnic sample of 2,211 men and women in San Diego, California, the authors estimated prevalence of the major manifestations of chronic venous disease: spider veins, varicose veins, trophic changes, and edema by visual inspection; superficial and deep functional disease (r...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg166
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genes glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) (chromosome 1p13.3) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) (22q11.2) code for cytosolic enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST)-mu and GST-theta, respectively, which are involved in phase 2 metabolism. Both genes may be deleted. There is geographic and ethnic variation ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010124
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation of dietary factors and physical activity to hyperinsulinemia was examined in 389 men aged 70-89 years who participated in the Zutphen Elderly Study in 1990. Information about the usual diet was obtained using a cross-check dietary history, and habitual physical activity was assessed using a validated ques...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117257
更新日期：1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 1963, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), formerly the Cholera Research Laboratory, has maintained a field station in Matlab to treat patients from a surveillance population of 240,000 who have cholera and other diarrheal diseases. Since 1966, the authors have analyzed...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113498
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to determine the immune status of individuals in a natural community, neutralizing antibody titers for the three types of poliovirus were examined in 301 randomly sampled sera collected in 1966 and 308 specimens from 1971. The specimens were part of a larger collection obtained from residents of Tecumseh,...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112101
更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence suggests a role for progesterone in ovarian cancer development. Progesterone exerts its effect on target cells by interacting with its receptor. Thus, genetic variations that may cause alterations in the biologic functions of the progesterone receptor can potentially contribute to individual susceptibility to...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwi064
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regression equations, based on scutal index (body length/scutal width), were developed to determine the duration of attachment for nymphal and adult female lxodes scapularis ticks. Feeding times were calculated for 444 nymphal and 300 female ticks submitted by bite victims between 1985 and 1989 in Westchester County, ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008728
更新日期：1996-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2018, the Society for Epidemiologic Research and its partner journal, the American Journal of Epidemiology, assembled a working group to develop a set of papers devoted to the "future of epidemiology." These 14 papers covered a wide range of topic areas and perspectives, from thoughts on our profession, teaching, a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz045
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case-control study investigated the relation between cigarette smoking and histologic subtypes of adult leukemia in Missouri in 1984-1990. Among males, elevated risks associated with ever smoking were observed for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.0) and acute m...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116177
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Customized birth weight charts that incorporate maternal characteristics are now being adopted into clinical practice. However, there is controversy surrounding the value of these charts in the prediction of growth and perinatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the use of customized charts in predic...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt176
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A simulation model was used to study the spread of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), namely gonorrhea and genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The model is based on a stochastic pair formation and separation process, which describes the underlying structure of the sexual contact pattern. It is impleme...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008926
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies from the United States have shown increasing incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with increasing socioeconomic status (SES), whereas in Scandinavian countries, no such relation was identified. We investigated how ASD risk in offspring varied according to parental SES in Taiwan, where we have universal ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwaa241
更新日期：2020-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Data from a Norwegian investigation on family planning were used to study the relation between menarcheal age and spontaneous abortion rate. Abortion rates were found to be 1.5-2 times higher among women with a menarcheal age of 12 years or less than among those with a menarcheal age of 14 years or more. The possibili...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112953
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prospective evidence of the associations of smoking cessation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other causes of death in Asia is scarce. Previous studies, which were mostly based on baseline smoking behavior only, were subject to sick-quitter bias and misclassification resulting from changes in smo...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu011
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolving concept of gender-based violence (GBV) is a multifaceted issue of public health significance. Until recently, most studies examining GBV have been conducted in North America. In this issue of the Journal, Palermo et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(5):602-612) report their secondary analyses involving approx...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt296
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Celiac disease (CD) is associated with increased mortality rate and adverse pregnancy outcome, but little is known about offspring mortality rate. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we identified persons whose biopsy-verified CD was diagnosed in Sweden in 1969-2008. We compared mortality rates in children ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws397
更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, the authors report on the design of a population-based case-control study of family history as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). They studied the characteristics of subjects who completed a detailed family history questionnaire in 1992-1994 as well as the accuracy of recall of family histo...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009410
更新日期：1998-06-15 00:00:00
