Abstract：
:The relation of dietary factors and physical activity to hyperinsulinemia was examined in 389 men aged 70-89 years who participated in the Zutphen Elderly Study in 1990. Information about the usual diet was obtained using a cross-check dietary history, and habitual physical activity was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Known and newly diagnosed diabetic patients were excluded from this study, since serum insulin and C-peptide levels are indicators of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in non-diabetics only. Insulin levels during the oral glucose tolerance test were lowest in men with the highest physical activity. This inverse association was independent of age, body mass index, the ratio of subscapular to triceps skinfold thickness, cigarette smoking, and energy intake (p < 0.001). In addition, insulin levels were inversely associated with the intake of dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which could not be accounted for by variables such as energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, prescribed diets, or the presence of coronary heart disease. In contrast, insulin levels increased with the increasing intake of saturated fatty acids and alcohol. The fasting C-peptide level was independently associated with the intake of total fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and alcohol, whereas an inverse relation with the intake of total carbohydrates and dietary fiber was seen. Besides overweight, physical activity and dietary factors such as the intake of fatty acids, fiber, carbohydrates, and alcohol, were independently associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Therefore, these behavioral factors may partly determine the occurrence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease and play a role in the prevention of these disorders.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Feskens EJ,Loeber JG,Kromhout Ddoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117257subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-08-15 00:00:00pages
350-60issue
4eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The associations of intakes of calcium and vitamin D with colorectal cancer risk were examined in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (Hawaii and Los Angeles, California). In 1993-1996, 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged > or =45 years completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 2,110 incident cases of c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwk069
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mortality studies have indicated that workers in agriculture and forestry may be at increased risk of leukemia. Findings are reported from a New Zealand Cancer Registry-based case-control study involving 546 male leukemia patients registered during 1979-1983 and aged 20 years or more at time of registration. Controls ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114410
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A consistent framework has been developed for measuring health disparities and making comparisons across indicators with regard to the public health goals of Healthy People 2010. Disparities are measured as the percent difference from the best group rate, with all indicators being expressed in terms of adverse events....
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm044
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of asthma with occupational exposures was studied in 14,151 adults, aged 25-59 years, from the general population of the 1975 French Pollution Atmospherique et Affections Respiratoires Chroniques (PAARC) Survey. Associations of asthma with specific jobs, such as personal care workers, waiters, and stoc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh316
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A battalion of United States Marines traveling to South Korea in the spring of 1976 was studied to determine the incidence and etiology of gastroenteritis. During the three weeks they visited South Korea, 21% of 694 marines developed diarrhea. Stool and serum specimens collected before, during, and after their stay we...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An episode is described in which tissue culture in a laboratory could have become intoxicated due to the recirculation of toxic exhaust fumes extruded from the roof of a research institution. A route of entry was found whereby a portion of fume hood exhaust was reintroduced into the building by means of large intake f...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113094
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical stress producing head injury is associated with Parkinson's disease, suggesting that relations with other physical hazards such as whole-body vibration (WBV) should be tested. In this study, the authors evaluated the relation between occupational exposure to WBV and Parkinson's disease. A population-based c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws017
更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiology is the study of the causes and distributions of diseases in human populations so that we may identify ways to prevent and control disease. Although this definition broadly serves us well, I suggest that in recent decades, our discipline's robust interest in identifying causes has come at the expense of a ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt172
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The associations of retinol and beta-carotene plasma concentrations with eight personal variables and the use of seven classes of cardiovascular drugs were studied in over 1,750 patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer enrolled at four American study centers in a cancer prevention clinical trial. Dietary carotene and fem...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115365
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the study of complex diseases, it may be important to test hypotheses related to gene-gene (G x G) interaction. The success of such studies depends critically on obtaining adequate sample sizes. In this paper, the author investigates sample size requirements for studies of G x G interaction, focusing on four study ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/155.5.478
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship of social status and behavior type to the incidence of coronary heart disease was examined among husbands and wives in the Framingham Heart Study. Between 1965 and 1967, 269 spouse pairs, in which the husbands were 45-64 years of age, were administered an extensive psychosocial questionnaire. These pa...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113611
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increased risk of death in persons who have suffered spousal bereavement has been described in many populations. The impact of modifying factors, such as chronic disease and material circumstances, is less well understood. The authors followed 171,720 [corrected] couples 60 years of age or older in a United Kingdom...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws162
更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Algorithms are regularly used to identify persons living with diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWDH) in Medicaid data. To our knowledge, there are no published reports of an HIV algorithm from Medicaid claims codes that have been compared with an HIV surveillance system to assess its sensitivity, specifi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz225
更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:A population of 968 pregnant Navajo women was followed in a prospective study conducted from 1980 to 1983 at the Indian Health Service Hospitals in Gallup and Crownpoint, New Mexico. The purpose of the study was to examine social and cultural influences on obstetric and neonatal complications. The extent of traditiona...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114382
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Weight cycling has been associated with an increased risk of death in some studies, but few studies differentiated weight cycling initiated by intentional weight loss from that initiated by illness. The association of weight cycling with death was examined among 55,983 men and 66,655 women in the Cancer Prevention Stu...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr378
更新日期：2012-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Proportional hazards models measuring the effect of age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on mortality risk are presented. The study population consisted of 924 insulin-dependent diabetic patients who were seen within 1 year of diagnosis at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 1950 and 1981 and were...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115804
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation between the risk of breast cancer before 45 years of age and oral contraceptive use was examined in a case-control study conducted in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Boston from 1983 to 1986 of 407 patients with breast cancer and 424 controls. With allowance for confounding, for ever use, the multi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115132
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgens have an extensive influence on brain development in regions of the brain that are relevant for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet their etiological involvement remains unclear. Hypospadias (abnormal positioning of the urethral opening) and cryptorchidism (undescended testes) are 2 relatively common male bir...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx367
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in the United States have indicated that maternal first trimester smoking and infant transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) locus mutations are associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and that a synergistic effect of these two risk factors occurs. Based on a Danish case-control study of CL...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009799
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vulvar vestibulitis is characterized by superficial pain during intercourse. Exploratory studies have suggested that oral contraceptives (OCs) could be associated with occurrence of vulvar vestibulitis. This 1995-1998 case-control study in Québec, Canada, sought to reassess this association. Included were 138 women wi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwf037
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sizes at birth of parents and their children are known to be correlated, reflecting in part the influence of fetal and maternal genes. Sociodemographic factors, regarded as aspects of the shared environment across generations, would also be expected to contribute, but evidence is limited. In the present study, the aut...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr032
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutritional conditions in early life may affect adult health, but prior studies of mortality have been limited to small samples. We evaluated the relationship between pre-/perinatal famine exposure during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 and mortality through age 63 years among 41,096 men born in 1944-1947 and exa...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu288
更新日期：2015-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:When analyzing and interpreting data from an epidemiologic study where ordinal (ordered categorical) outcomes have been measured in different exposure groups, an effect parameter of interest is the common odds ratio implied by the proportional odds model. This model can sometimes be applied to a collapsed outcome vari...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008944
更新日期：1996-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors examined the role of food insecurity in the etiology of children's cognitive and mental health problems. Data from a prospective longitudinal study of 1,116 United Kingdom families with twins (sample constructed in 1999-2000) were used to test associations among household food insecurity; income; maternal ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq201
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study involved direct observation of the differences in utilization of medical care by smokers, nonsmokers, and former smokers. A household interview survey conducted in 1970-1971 obtained detailed information about the smoking patterns of 2,582 adult members of the Northwest Kaiser Permanente health maintenance ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114187
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The causes of the racial/ethnic disparity in preterm birth (PTB) remain largely unknown; traditional risk factors such as smoking and prenatal care fail to account for it. The authors examined whether living in metropolitan areas (MAs) with high levels of residential racial segregation along multiple dimensions (hyper...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn043
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this case-control study, the authors aimed to examine whether use of an electric bedding device increased breast cancer risk in African-American women. Cases were 304 African-American patients diagnosed with breast cancer during 1995-1998 who were aged 20-64 years and lived in one of three Tennessee counties. Contr...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg220
更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that future research into the adverse effects of binge drinking in pregnancy should take into account the time of binge drinking, and a method has been proposed. In a representative sample of 1,311 pregnant Danish women in 2000, the agreement between two different measures of binge drinking durin...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh095
更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Rabies virus was isolated by cell culture from the brains of 104 confirmed rabies cases diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody staining technique in the United States during 1974-1984. Eighty-seven isolates were obtained from wild-life species, 10 from humans, and seven from domestic animals. These isolates were tested...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/126.2.298
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis of women aged 35-49 years from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted between 1988 and 1994, was to assess associations with menopausal status based either on menstrual cycle patterns or on elevated (>20 IU/liter) follicle-stimulating hormone....
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/153.12.1159
更新日期：2001-06-15 00:00:00
