Abstract:
:The results of a case-control study in Toronto, Canada, demonstrated a two-fold risk of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix among current smokers relative to women who had never smoked. This significant effect of smoking was not diminished by simultaneously adjusting for age, education, and indices of sexual behavior. This association was further supported by the observations that ex-smokers were at a lower risk than current smokers (1.7 versus 2.3), and that the risk increased with the amount of cigarettes smoked (2.2 for less than half a pack per day to 2.9 for more than one pack per day).
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Clarke EA,Morgan RW,Newman AMdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113279subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
59-66issue
1eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The safety and immunogenicity of a plasma-derived heat-inactivated hepatitis B vaccine (CLB) were evaluated in 471 healthy human volunteers, who, both in their occupations and in their private lives, had been at minimal risk of being infected with hepatitis B virus. The first 202 individuals received three 3-microgram...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113936
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An episode is described in which tissue culture in a laboratory could have become intoxicated due to the recirculation of toxic exhaust fumes extruded from the roof of a research institution. A route of entry was found whereby a portion of fume hood exhaust was reintroduced into the building by means of large intake f...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113094
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patterns of change in blood lipids, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking and drinking behaviors, and exercise were examined in an ongoing longitudinal study from 1991 to 1995 of 150 middle-aged Melbourne, Australia, women as they passed through menopause. Changes in risk factors over time were examin...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010246
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Homeownership is consistently associated with better mental health, but whether becoming a homeowner in later in life has positive psychological benefits has not, to our knowledge, been examined. We assessed whether acquiring a home after age 50 years was associated with depression in a representative sample of older ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx278
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Associations between metabolic syndrome components and prevalent ischemic heart disease (IHD) were investigated in a cross-sectional, community-based study of elderly men (n = 1,015) and women (n = 1,259) in Rancho Bernardo, California, in 1984-1987. In both sexes, there were significant positive associations between ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.5.481
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors investigated the risk of developing dementia for persons aged 50-75 years who suffered from Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, or severe head trauma. They compared the risk in this patient group with the risk in a reference group in a follow-up study based on the linked databases of three Dutch nationwide morb...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117597
更新日期:1995-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular morbidity has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution, although the relation between pollutants and sudden death from cardiac arrest has not been established. This study examined associations between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and fine PM (of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm, or PM(2...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq217
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Active surveillance to detect all patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome who had had onset of illness from July 1, 1976 through April 30, 1977 was undertaken in Michigan after indications that the syndrome might be associated with the National Influenza Immunization Program of 1976-1977. Hospital record room librarians...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113810
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Care for type 1 diabetes mellitus should both alleviate the physical complications of the disease and improve overall quality of life. The Wisconsin Diabetes Registry, comprising a population-based cohort that is followed longitudinally from diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, provided the authors with a unique opportunity ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh055
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In anticipation of the sequencing of the human genome and description of the human proteome, the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-Reykjavik) was initiated in 2002. AGES-Reykjavik was designed to examine risk factors, including genetic susceptibility and gene/environment interaction, in relati...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk115
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is common in population screening surveys or in the investigation of new diagnostic tests to have results from one or more tests investigating the same condition or disease, none of which can be considered a gold standard. For example, two methods often used in population-based surveys for estimating the prevalence...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117428
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between cataract prevalence, altitude, and sunlight hours was investigated in a large national probability sample survey of 105 sites in the Himalayan kingdom of Nepal, December 1980 through April 1981. Cataract of senile or unknown etiology was diagnosed by ophthalmologists in 873 of 30,565 full-time...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113632
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative weights of empirical facts (data) and assumptions (theory) in causal inference vary across disciplines. Typically, disciplines that ask more complex questions tend to better tolerate a greater role of theory and modeling in causal inference. As epidemiologists move toward increasingly complex questions, M...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwu272
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The association between breast cancer and selenium, measured in the diet, plasma, erythrocytes, and toenails, was investigated in a case-control study in the Netherlands during 1985-1987. Dietary selenium intake was assessed by a structured dietary history technique among 133 breast cancer cases and 238 population con...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115619
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large body size may differentially influence risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by anatomic location. The Netherlands Cohort Study includes 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years who self-reported weight, height, and trouser/skirt size at baseline (1986), as well as weight at age 20 years. Derived variables included bo...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr247
更新日期:2011-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The association between breast feeding and the risk of severe cholera was examined in a case-control study of rural Bangladeshi children under 36 months of age who were studied in 1985-1986 during a field trial of killed oral cholera vaccines. A total of 116 cases who were treated for severe cholera were compared with...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115515
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a case-control study of childhood leukemia in relation to exposure to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF), 399 children resident in five Canadian provinces who were diagnosed at ages 0-14 years between 1990 and 1994 (June 1995 in British Columbia and Quebec) were enrolled, along with 399 controls. Ex...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009899
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in Alaskan Eskimos is characterized by greatly increased disease incidence at younger ages. This suggests that Eskimo infants have increased exposure to the disease. Exposure was studied in 1982-1983 in children less than age three years who lived in four Eskimo villages, as well ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114758
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although erectile dysfunction is frequently seen in patients with manifestations of arteriosclerotic disease, the independent contribution of serum cholesterol in predicting erectile dysfunction is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between serum cholesterol and erectile dysfunction. Medical hi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
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doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117181
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abstract::Mammographic percent density, the proportion of fibroglandular tissue in the breast, is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, but its determinants in young women are unknown. We examined associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast-tissue composition at age 21 years with prospectively collected measuremen...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::During the summer of 1975 an ongoing outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred among Vietnamese refugees temporarily housed at a U.S. mainland camp. Twenty-two per cent of surveyed refugees gave a history of the disease and 10% were documented as having clinical conjunctivitis at the time of the survey. Fifty-six per cent o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112482
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To develop a method for assessing preclinical cardiovascular disease risk, models of resting cardiovascular regulation and of insulin metabolic syndrome were derived from information collected from 1991 to 1996 in a culturally heterogeneous sample of 319 healthy men and women (aged 25-44 years) from Miami-Dade County,...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/154.8.765
更新日期:2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ecologic study design is routinely used by epidemiologists in spite of its limitations. It is presently unknown how well the challenges of the design are dealt with in epidemiologic research. The purpose of this bibliometric review was to critically evaluate the characteristics, statistical methods, and reporting ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr241
更新日期:2011-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiologic approach to causal inference (i.e., Hill's viewpoints) consists of evaluating potential causes from the following 2, noncumulative angles: 1) established results from comparative, observational, or experimental epidemiologic studies; and 2) reviews of nonepidemiologic evidence. It does not involve st...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt223
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between self-reported physical activity and depressive symptoms was analyzed for 1,900 healthy subjects aged 25-77 years in the Epidemiologic Follow-up Study (1982-1984) to the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I). Depressive symptomatology as measured by the Center for Epidem...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115087
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for a relation between physical activity and renal cell cancer has been inconsistent. The authors examined physical activity in relation to renal cell cancer in a large, prospective US cohort study of 482,386 participants (289,503 men and 192,883 women) aged 50-71 years at baseline (1995-1996). At baseline, p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn102
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::There have been few prospective studies relating diet to pancreatic cancer, with most having fewer than 100 cases and only one examining dietary nutrients. The authors prospectively examined dietary factors hypothesized to be associated with exocrine pancreatic cancer in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prev...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/155.9.783
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased lung cancer risks among hairdressers were observed in large registry-based cohort studies from Scandinavia, but these studies could not adjust for smoking. Our objective was to evaluate the lung cancer risk among hairdressers while adjusting for smoking and other confounders in a pooled database of 16 case-c...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt119
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Icelandic study of melanoma trends by Héry et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(7):762-767) is a fascinating analysis of an ecologic association. The authors noted a sharp increase in melanoma incidence that appeared to lag a few years behind the increased prevalence of sunbeds in Iceland....
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq232
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00