Epidemiology of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in a central Canadian province: a population-based study.

abstract：:Vitamin C has been the focus of epidemiologic investigation in preterm delivery (<37 weeks' gestation), which is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and birth-related morbidity. There are two sodium-dependent membrane transporters encoded by SLC23A1 and SLC23A2, which have key roles in human vitamin C metabolism and...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Erichsen HC,Engel SA,Eck PK,Welch R,Yeager M,Levine M,Siega-Riz AM,Olshan AF,Chanock SJ

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of strong assumptions (e.g., exchangeability), only bounds for causal effects can be identified. Here we describe bounds for the risk difference for an effect of a binary exposure on a binary outcome in 4 common study settings: observational studies and randomized studies, each with and without simple r...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Breskin A,Westreich D,Cole SR,Edwards JK

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During 1946-2005, vaccine-preventable diseases were the topic of approximately 20% of all epidemic-assistance investigations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Both in the United States and abroad, current and former Epidemic Intelligence Service officers have played a critical role in describing the e...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hinman AR,Orenstein WA,Schuchat A

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The loss of CD4 lymphocytes is known to be an important component of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis. It remains unclear, however, whether the importance of the CD4 lymphocyte count is such that individuals who have been infected for widely different lengths of time, but for whom the CD4 lymph...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Phillips AN,Sabin CA,Elford J,Bofill M,Janossy G,Lee CA

更新日期：1993-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Observational studies suggest a longer duration of breastfeeding to be associated dose dependently with a decrease in risk of overweight in later life. The authors performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of the existing studies on duration of breastfeeding and risk of overweight. Studies were included that reported th...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Harder T,Bergmann R,Kallischnigg G,Plagemann A

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of missing values for a confounding variable are investigated in the setting of case-control studies in which, for simplicity, the effect of one binary risk factor and one categoric confounding variable on disease risk is under investigation. Some ad hoc techniques with which to deal with missing values ar...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Vach W,Blettner M

更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated families with at least one hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carried in Okinawa, Japan, to determine possible routes of hepatitis B virus transmission within family units. A total of 175 members of 37 families on the western part of Iriomote Island, Okinawa, were followed up for 2-13 years; ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kashiwagi S,Hayashi J,Ikematsu H,Nomura H,Kajiyama W,Shingu T,Hayashida K,Kaji M

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-level arsenic exposure is consistently associated with QT prolongation, a risk factor for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Arsenic may act on QT by increasing cardiac calcium currents. The authors hypothesized that low-level arsenic exposure would be associated with QT duration and that this effect would be s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mordukhovich I,Wright RO,Amarasiriwardena C,Baja E,Baccarelli A,Suh H,Sparrow D,Vokonas P,Schwartz J

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although erectile dysfunction is frequently seen in patients with manifestations of arteriosclerotic disease, the independent contribution of serum cholesterol in predicting erectile dysfunction is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between serum cholesterol and erectile dysfunction. Medical hi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wei M,Macera CA,Davis DR,Hornung CA,Nankin HR,Blair SN

更新日期：1994-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiology of Lyme disease has been examined utilizing insurance claims from privately insured individuals; however, it is unknown whether reported patterns vary among the publicly insured. We examined trends in incidence rates of first Lyme disease diagnosis among 384,652 Maryland Medicaid recipients enrolled f...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rebman AW,Wang L,Yang T,Marsteller JA,Murphy SME,Uriyo M,Mihm EA,Weinstein ER,Fagan P,Aucott JN

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the current state of hospitals' infection surveillance and control programs (ISCPs) nationwide and to provide a sampling frame for selecting hospitals for later phases of the SENIC Project, the authors mailed a screening questionnaire in March, 1976, to virtually all US hospitals; 86% of those in the SENIC t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Haley RW,Shachtman RH

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of menopause to associated factors of atherosclerosis was investigated during October 1973 to December 1976. The subjects were 1674 premenopausal and 428 postmenopausal women aged 35 to 54, who were living in Toda city, an urban area of Japan. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride were higher in postmeno...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Shibata H,Matsuzaki T,Hatano S

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper concerns the effects of random error in numerical measurements of risk factors (covariates) in relative risk regressions. When not dependent on outcome (nondifferential), such error usually attenuates relative risk estimates (shifts them toward one) and leads to spuriously narrow confidence intervals. The p...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Armstrong BG

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and mortality may be confounded by preexisting illness. A method commonly used to control for this confounding is the exclusion of participants who have certain diseases at baseline and/or those who die during the early years of follow-up. The authors...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stevens J,Juhaeri,Cai J

更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the relation between low cholesterol level and mortality, the authors followed 482,472 Korean men aged 30-65 years from 1990 to 1996 after a baseline health examination. The mean cholesterol level of the men was 189.1 mg/100 ml at the baseline measurement. There were 7,894 deaths during the follow-up perio...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Song YM,Sung J,Kim JS

更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The associations of retinol and beta-carotene plasma concentrations with eight personal variables and the use of seven classes of cardiovascular drugs were studied in over 1,750 patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer enrolled at four American study centers in a cancer prevention clinical trial. Dietary carotene and fem...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Nierenberg DW,Stukel TA,Baron JA,Dain BJ,Greenberg ER

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors report the results of a case-cohort study of 338 lung cancer deaths in 1950-1988 and a random sample (sub-cohort) of 1,138 from among 16,297 men who had worked at least one year between 1950 and 1979 in manual jobs at a large aluminum production plant. In the past, certain workers were exposed to substanti...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Armstrong B,Tremblay C,Baris D,Thériault G

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structured life course modeling approach (SLCMA) is a theory-driven analytic method that empirically compares multiple prespecified life course hypotheses characterizing time-dependent exposure-outcome relationships to determine which theory best fits the observed data. In this study, we performed simulations and ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhu Y,Simpkin AJ,Suderman MJ,Lussier AA,Walton E,Dunn EC,Smith ADAC

更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study determined the distributions of uncorrected visual acuity and of refractive error in representative groups of Australian Aborigines and Australians of European origin aged 20-30 years. The methodology used in this study and its verification are described in detail. As a group, the Aborigines have significan...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Taylor HR

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dukes O,Vansteelandt S

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few reports on population-based studies of birth rate among epilepsy patients have been published. In most previous studies, fertility has been lower among epilepsy patients than in the rest of the population. However, conflicting results have also been reported. Because of small samples and selective material, the ge...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Artama M,Isojärvi JI,Raitanen J,Auvinen A

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Survival models are important tools for the analysis of data when a disease event occurs in time and subjects are lost to follow-up. Many models, however, can also be adapted for use when an event is characterized by transitions through intermediate states of disease with increasing severity. In this presentation, suc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Abbott RD,Carroll RJ

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How can the "strengths" of risk factors, in the sense of how well they discriminate cases from controls, be compared when they are measured on different scales such as continuous, binary, and integer? Given that risk estimates take into account other fitted and design-related factors-and that is how risk gradients are...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hopper JL

更新日期：2015-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The true number of industrial accidents followed by absence from work in the Netherlands in 1993 has been estimated by using a capture-recapture approach. A government safety register noted 29,685 cases reported by Dutch companies. The statutory organization that insures employees of the same companies against absence...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： van Charante AW,Mulder PG

更新日期：1998-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast arterial calcification (BAC) has been associated with diabetes and hypertension. This prompted the authors to study the relation between BAC and cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of 12,239 women aged 50-68 years who participated in a population-based breast cancer screening project (DOM Project) in Utrecht, ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kemmeren JM,van Noord PA,Beijerinck D,Fracheboud J,Banga JD,van der Graaf Y

更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective was to study the association between birth weight and the insulin sensitivity index. Altogether, 331 unrelated Caucasian subjects aged 18-32 years with measures of the insulin sensitivity index and insulin secretion during a combined intravenous glucose and tolbutamide tolerance test were included in the...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Clausen JO,Borch-Johnsen K,Pedersen O

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between intake of fish and soy products and subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality was examined in a cohort of 13,355 male and 15,724 female residents of Takayama, Gifu, Japan. A diet that included soy and fish intake was assessed in 1992 by using a validated semiquantitative food frequency que...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Nagata C,Takatsuka N,Shimizu H

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk factors for fibroadenoma were examined in a case-control study involving 117 fibroadenoma cases ascertained by a major private pathology laboratory in Adelaide, Australia, between January 1983 and October 1985. For each case a population control was randomly selected from the electoral roll in Adelaide and matche...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Yu H,Rohan TE,Cook MG,Howe GR,Miller AB

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983/1984, a study of bone mass and fractures was begun in 827 women aged 20-80 years in three rural Iowa communities selected for the fluoride and calcium content of their community water supplies. The control community's water had a calcium content of 67 mg/liter and a fluoride content of 1 mg/liter. The higher-c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sowers MF,Clark MK,Jannausch ML,Wallace RB

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between 1950 and 1960 about 20,000 israeli children were treated for tinea capitis by x-ray therapy as part of a large public health campaign to eradicate the disease. Dosimetric studies determined that these children were subjected to a mean brain dose of 130 rads. Almost 20 years later, possible radiation effects on...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ron E,Modan B,Floro S,Harkedar I,Gurewitz R

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00