Abstract：
:The association between body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and mortality may be confounded by preexisting illness. A method commonly used to control for this confounding is the exclusion of participants who have certain diseases at baseline and/or those who die during the early years of follow-up. The authors used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (n = 14,088) to determine whether participants identified by these criteria had different changes in body mass index than other participants. Weight change was measured over a 3-year interval between study entry (1987-1989) and reexamination (1990-1993), and information on vital status was collected over the subsequent 5 years. Mean change in body mass index was -0.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.90, -0.12) among participants who died in the first year of follow-up, -0.03 (95% CI: -0.18, 0.12) among those who died in the first 4 years of follow-up, and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.39) among those who survived for at least 5 years. Participants who died during the first 4 years were over twice as likely as survivors to have changed from the obese category (body mass index >or=30) to the nonobese category (odds ratio = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.17). Mean change in body mass index prior to baseline was not different among ill participants compared with those who were healthy, but the odds of converting from obese to nonobese were higher in ill participants than in healthy ones (odds ratio = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.67).
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Stevens J,Juhaeri,Cai Jdoi
10.1093/aje/153.10.946subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-15 00:00:00pages
946-53issue
10eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
153pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of weight in middle-aged men and subsequent weight change on the risk of osteoporosis three decades later. The authors utilized data from 1,476 Norwegian men participating in two health screenings in Oslo (1972-1973 and 2000-2001) and Tromsø (1974-1975 and 2001). Heig...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn151
更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sizes at birth of parents and their children are known to be correlated, reflecting in part the influence of fetal and maternal genes. Sociodemographic factors, regarded as aspects of the shared environment across generations, would also be expected to contribute, but evidence is limited. In the present study, the aut...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr032
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental studies suggest that vitamin D modulates the activity of adipocytes. The authors examined baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in relation to prevalent and cumulative incident obesity in Norway. A cohort of 25,616 adults aged 19-55 years participated in both the second and third surveys of t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr456
更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, the authors investigated the role of the intrauterine environment in childhood adiposity by comparing the maternal-offspring body mass index (BMI) association with the paternal-offspring BMI association when the offspring were 3 years of age, using parental prepregnancy BMI (measured as weight in...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws134
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of evidence support the notion that elevated blood viscosity may predispose to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus by limiting delivery of glucose, insulin, and oxygen to metabolically active tissues. To test this hypothesis, the authors analyzed longitudinal data on 12,881 initially nondiabe...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn243
更新日期：2008-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is little current understanding of the risk for occurrence of unintentional injury in the home. The authors estimated the incidence of unintentional home injuries for an entire community, adjusting for actual time spent awake in the home and, in addition, analyzed the costs of these injuries. Cases of unintentio...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008951
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Explanations for the low prevalence of atherosclerosis in Japan versus the United States are often confounded with genetic variation. To help remove such confounding, the authors compared coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, between Japanese men in Japan and Japanese men in Haw...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm201
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey was carried out on a random sample of 1,288 Mexican Americans and 929 Anglos living in three socially distinct neighborhoods in San Antonio, Texas. Hypertension was defined as diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mmHg or currently taking antihypertensive medication. Overall age-adjusted preval...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/121.5.684
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this case-control study, the authors aimed to examine whether use of an electric bedding device increased breast cancer risk in African-American women. Cases were 304 African-American patients diagnosed with breast cancer during 1995-1998 who were aged 20-64 years and lived in one of three Tennessee counties. Contr...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg220
更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Both early life and adult socioeconomic status (SES) predict late-life level of memory; however, evidence is mixed on the relationship between SES and rate of memory decline. Further, the relative importance of different life-course periods for rate of late-life memory decline has not been evaluated. We examined assoc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx155
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vänskä et al. (Am J Epidemiol. XXXX;XXX(XX):XXXX-XXXX)) provide us with cohort lifetime risks of cervical cancer attributable to different human papillomavirus (HPV) types in Sweden. We argue that a standardized lifetime risk such as those calculated by Vänskä et al. might be a more appropriate public health target fo...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwaa120
更新日期：2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort study of neonatal mortality (N = 106) in white singleton births (N = 14,486) in Utah for January-June 1975 was conducted. Using membership and activity in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon) as a proxy for parental health practices, i.e., tobacco and alcohol abstinence, differentia...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113438
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgens have an extensive influence on brain development in regions of the brain that are relevant for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet their etiological involvement remains unclear. Hypospadias (abnormal positioning of the urethral opening) and cryptorchidism (undescended testes) are 2 relatively common male bir...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx367
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The absence of any standard definition of suicide cluster events hinders understanding of the prevalence of the problem, hinders the development of appropriate public health responses to observed clusters, and ultimately hinders investigation of the mechanisms underlying contagious communication of suicidal behavior. ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115781
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ninety-four strains of Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus isolated from sentinel hamsters exposed in the Middle American countries of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras were examined for the presence of virions with marker characteristics of strains that cause large epidemics and equine epizootics. Thirty-four st...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113531
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Statistical interactions between genes and environmental exposures with respect to disease outcomes may help to identify biologic mechanisms and pathways and inform behavioral interventions. The number of persons required for a single study to have sufficient statistical power to detect such interactions may be consid...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq051
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of asthma with occupational exposures was studied in 14,151 adults, aged 25-59 years, from the general population of the 1975 French Pollution Atmospherique et Affections Respiratoires Chroniques (PAARC) Survey. Associations of asthma with specific jobs, such as personal care workers, waiters, and stoc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh316
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One measure of the severity of a pandemic influenza outbreak at the individual level is the risk of death among people infected by the new virus. However, there are complications in estimating both the numerator and denominator. Regarding the numerator, statistical estimates of the excess deaths associated with influe...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws314
更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we assessed the association of chronic medical conditions and multimorbidity with perceived stress among community-dwelling adults in 44 low- and middle-income countries. Data from the World Health Survey (2002-2004), including 229,293 adults, were analyzed. A perceived stress score (range, 0 (lowest st...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx159
更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The case-only design, which requires only diseased subjects, allows for estimation of multiplicative interactions between factors known to be independent in the study population. The design is being used as an alternative to the case-control design to study gene-environment interactions. Estimates of gene-environment ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/154.8.687
更新日期：2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A case-control study of women with cervical abnormalities identified through Pap smears, was conducted in the Bronx, New York, to explore the relationship between nutritional intake and cervical dysplasia. Nutrient intake was estimated from computer analysis of three-day food records and 24-hour recall for 169 study p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113243
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between cataract prevalence, altitude, and sunlight hours was investigated in a large national probability sample survey of 105 sites in the Himalayan kingdom of Nepal, December 1980 through April 1981. Cataract of senile or unknown etiology was diagnosed by ophthalmologists in 873 of 30,565 full-time...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113632
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between September 1979 and March 1980, distinguishing features between fatal and nonfatal cases of diarrhea caused by the same etiologic agents were sought in a case-control investigation of Cuna Indian children living on the San Blas Islands located off Panama's Caribbean coast. The eight fatal cases of diarrhea (fou...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114039
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the leading cancer diagnosed among women, and environmental studies have produced few leads on modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. Following an Institute of Medicine recommendation for occupational studies of women highly exposed to potential breast cancer risk factors, we took advantage of an ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx264
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Weight loss involving diet modification improves urinary incontinence (UI) in women, but little is known about dietary correlates of UI. The authors examined intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fats in relation to UI in a cross-sectional sample of 2,060 women in the population-based Boston Area Communi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq065
更新日期：2010-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased lung cancer risks among hairdressers were observed in large registry-based cohort studies from Scandinavia, but these studies could not adjust for smoking. Our objective was to evaluate the lung cancer risk among hairdressers while adjusting for smoking and other confounders in a pooled database of 16 case-c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt119
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous authors have critiqued the use of race as an etiologic quantity in medical research. Despite this criticism, the use of variables encoding racial/ethnic categorization has increased in epidemiology, and most researchers agree that important variation in disease risk is captured by this classification system. ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/154.4.291
更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:During the 1973 summer season, 27 employees and 35 overnight guests at the North Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, acquired febrile illnesses compatibel with relapsing fever. Sixteen cases were confirmed by finding Borrelia spirochetes in peripheral blood smears or inoculated Swiss mice. Retrospective surveys ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112406
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 2005, California law allowed over-the-counter (OTC) syringe sales pending local authorization. Although pharmacy sales of OTC syringes are associated with reduced injection-mediated risks and decreases in human immunodeficiency virus infection rates, little is known about the factors associated with syringe purc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr492
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preliminary evidence suggests that daytime sleepiness may predate clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease. The authors examined daytime napping and nighttime sleeping durations, reported in 1996-1997 by 220,934 US NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study participants, in relation to Parkinson disease diagnoses at 3 clinical sta...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq478
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
