Abstract:
:During the 1973 summer season, 27 employees and 35 overnight guests at the North Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, acquired febrile illnesses compatibel with relapsing fever. Sixteen cases were confirmed by finding Borrelia spirochetes in peripheral blood smears or inoculated Swiss mice. Retrospective surveys of 278 employees and 7247 guests at the park revealed that acquisition of illness was significantly associated with the persons sleeping in rustic log cabins and acquiring bites of "unknown" insects. From rodent nesting materials found in the walls and attics of cabins where cases had occurred, infective Ornithodoros hermsi ticks were recovered. Exceptional activity of ticks in human populations appeared to have resulted from a decreased population of the ticks' usual rodent hosts. Vector control activities consisted of spraying the cabins with residual insecticide, removing nesting materials, and "rodent proofing." This outbreak, the largest yet identified in North America, extends the known range of a principal vector and establishes the North Rim as an endemic source of tick-borne relapsing fever.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Boyer KM,Munford RS,Maupin GO,Pattison CP,Fox MD,Barnes AM,Jones WL,Maynard JEdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112406subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-05-01 00:00:00pages
469-79issue
5eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
105pub_type
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