Relations among standard epidemiologic measures in a population.

abstract：:We investigated the differences in cancer incidence between boys and girls. The incidence data for pediatric cancers were retrieved from the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer project (1990-2015). Poisson regression was applied to detect the sex differences in cancer incidence at global and regional levels. B...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu Z,Yang Q,Cai N,Jin L,Zhang T,Chen X

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Algorithms are regularly used to identify persons living with diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWDH) in Medicaid data. To our knowledge, there are no published reports of an HIV algorithm from Medicaid claims codes that have been compared with an HIV surveillance system to assess its sensitivity, specifi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Macinski SE,Gunn JKL,Goyal M,Neighbors C,Yerneni R,Anderson BJ

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Outbreaks of respiratory tract illnesses (RTI) in adult humans during October and November 1975 at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, were investigated by viral isolation and serologic procedures. The recovery of viral agents was enhanced by use of cell cultures in the field. Recoveries of parainfluenzaviruses types 1 and 3...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Parkinson AJ,Muchmore HG,Scott LV,Kalmakoff J,Miles JA

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A population-based, case-control study of laryngeal cancer was conducted in Shanghai, China, during 1988-1990, in which 201 incident cases (177 males, 24 females) and 414 controls (269 males, 145 females) were interviewed. Cigarette smoking was the major risk factor, accounting for 86% of the male and 54% of the femal...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zheng W,Blot WJ,Shu XO,Gao YT,Ji BT,Ziegler RG,Fraumeni JF Jr

更新日期：1992-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent nested case-control study found that increasing use of antibiotics was associated with a significantly elevated risk of breast cancer. The authors attempted to replicate this finding with a similar study design using the General Practice Research Database in the United Kingdom. Women aged 30-79 years who were...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： García Rodríguez LA,González-Pérez A

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An outbreak of antibiotic-associated colitis that occurred on a ward of a Michigan hospital during February-April, 1984, was studied by bacteriophage-bacteriocin typing. Stools from the seven involved patients yielded Clostridium difficile isolates of types B1537 or Cld7;B1537. C. difficile was recovered from 31.4% of...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kaatz GW,Gitlin SD,Schaberg DR,Wilson KH,Kauffman CA,Seo SM,Fekety R

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors performed a meta-analysis to estimate the magnitude of polymorphism effects for the complement component C3 gene (C3) and their possible mode of action on age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The meta-analysis included 16 and 7 studies for rs2230199 and rs1047286, respectively. Data extraction and risk ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Thakkinstian A,McKay GJ,McEvoy M,Chakravarthy U,Chakrabarti S,Silvestri G,Kaur I,Li X,Attia J

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:From March to July of 2011, the authors investigated the prospective association between illicit drug use and cognitive functioning during the midadult years. A total of 8,992 participants who were surveyed at 42 years of age in the National Child Development Study (1999-2000) were included. The authors analyzed data ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dregan A,Gulliford MC

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of most case-control studies have suggested a positive association between eating frequency and colorectal cancer risk. Because no prospective cohort studies have done so to date, the authors prospectively examined this association. In 1992, eating frequency was assessed in a cohort of 34,968 US men in the...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mekary RA,Hu FB,Willett WC,Chiuve S,Wu K,Fuchs C,Fung TT,Giovannucci E

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between birth weight and mortality is among the strongest seen in epidemiology. While preterm delivery causes both small babies and high mortality, it does not explain this association. Fetal growth restriction has also been proposed, although its features are unclear because it lacks a definition inde...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Basso O,Wilcox AJ,Weinberg CR

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease occurs with unusually high incidence in Alaskan Eskimos. In 1983, the authors evaluated the unique susceptibility of the Yupik-speaking Eskimo population in southwest Alaska. A matched case-control design was used to assess the influence of age, breast feeding, and ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Petersen GM,Silimperi DR,Chiu CY,Ward JI

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Associations between metabolic syndrome components and prevalent ischemic heart disease (IHD) were investigated in a cross-sectional, community-based study of elderly men (n = 1,015) and women (n = 1,259) in Rancho Bernardo, California, in 1984-1987. In both sexes, there were significant positive associations between ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lindblad U,Langer RD,Wingard DL,Thomas RG,Barrett-Connor EL

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol drinking has been extensively studied in relation to prostate cancer, yet findings on the direction of the association are equivocal. Previous studies have not examined drinking patterns. Thus, the authors prospectively evaluated the associations between these factors and risk of incident prostate cancer (n = ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Platz EA,Leitzmann MF,Rimm EB,Willett WC,Giovannucci E

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Mental Function Index is a weighted combination of scores on three brief tests. The Index was developed to aid in the discrimination of elderly persons with early cases of senile dementia from nondemented elderly individuals. In a previous report (Am J Epidemiol 1981;114:515-27), the authors described preliminary ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Pfeffer RI,Kurosaki TT,Chance JM,Filos S,Bates D

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This commentary reviews the recent history of explanations to crossover paradoxes such as the birth weight and gestational age paradoxes, with a special emphasis on the current proposal by Kramer et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(3):361-367). We contend that the causal structure of these pa...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hernán MA,Schisterman EF,Hernández-Díaz S

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the validity of outdoor particulate matter with a 50% cutoff diameter of 10-microm (PM10) concentrations as a measure of exposure in time series studies, the association between personal and outdoor concentrations, within subjects, over time was investigated. Repeated measurements of personal, indoor, a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Janssen NA,Hoek G,Brunekreef B,Harssema H,Mensink I,Zuidhof A

更新日期：1998-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors conducted a population-based case-control study of 1,030 cases with histologically confirmed, incident non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 3,106 controls to assess the impact of recreational physical activity, obesity, and energy intake on NHL risk in Canada from 1994 to 1997. Compared with those for subjects...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Pan SY,Mao Y,Ugnat AM,Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group.

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Large health care databases are used extensively for pharmacoepidemiologic studies. Unique methodological issues arise when applying self-controlled designs (i.e., using within-person comparisons) for active surveillance of newly marketed drugs. We use 3 examples to illustrate bias related to population-level exposure...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang SV,Schneeweiss S,Maclure M,Gagne JJ

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A matched case-control study was conducted of 53 leukemia deaths and of 212 controls within a previously studied cohort of 24,545 on-shore workers employed between January 1, 1952 and August 15, 1977 at the Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Naval Shipyard. The study sought to ascertain a priori whether there was an associati...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stern FB,Waxweiler RA,Beaumont JJ,Lee ST,Rinsky RA,Zumwalde RD,Halperin WE,Bierbaum PJ,Landrigan PJ,Murray WE Jr

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1997 redesign of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) affected US childhood asthma prevalence estimates. The 1997 asthma attack prevalence estimate for children 0-17 years was 5.4%. Pre-redesign NHIS childhood asthma period prevalence estimates peaked in 1995 at 7.5%. It is unclear whether the difference re...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Akinbami LJ,Schoendorf KC,Parker J

更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and utility of administrative health data in identifying persons with inflammatory bowel disease on a population basis and to determine the incidence and prevalence of this disease in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The data from Manitoba Health (the province's singl...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bernstein CN,Blanchard JF,Rawsthorne P,Wajda A

更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible relation between the occurrence of brain tumors in children and exposure to electric blankets or electrically heated water beds was investigated in a multicenter, population-based case-control study conducted on the West Coast of the United States. Information on maternal exposure during pregnancy or dire...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Preston-Martin S,Gurney JG,Pogoda JM,Holly EA,Mueller BA

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geographic information systems and exploratory spatial analysis were used to describe the geographic characteristics of pilot fatality rates in 1983-1998 general aviation crashes within the continental United States. The authors plotted crash sites on a digital map; rates were computed at regular grid intersections an...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Grabowski JG,Curriero FC,Baker SP,Li G

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Time-series studies have linked daily variations in nonaccidental deaths with daily variations in ambient particulate matter air pollution, while controlling for qualitatively larger influences of weather and season. Although time-series analyses typically include nonlinear terms for weather and season, questions rema...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Welty LJ,Zeger SL

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983/1984, a study of bone mass and fractures was begun in 827 women aged 20-80 years in three rural Iowa communities selected for the fluoride and calcium content of their community water supplies. The control community's water had a calcium content of 67 mg/liter and a fluoride content of 1 mg/liter. The higher-c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sowers MF,Clark MK,Jannausch ML,Wallace RB

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No large national studies of ethnic differences in blood pressure among children accounting for body size differences have been published, to the authors' knowledge. This report details the similarities and differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressures between Black children and White children in the United St...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rosner B,Prineas R,Daniels SR,Loggie J

更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand whether neighborhood contexts contribute to the onset or maintenance of mental health problems independently of individual characteristics requires the use of multilevel study designs and analytical strategies. This study used a multilevel analytical framework to examine the relation between neighborhood...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kubzansky LD,Subramanian SV,Kawachi I,Fay ME,Soobader MJ,Berkman LF

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline have shown that their cholesterol levels are much less predictive of subsequent mortality than in populations free of CHD (FCHD). One previously suggested explanation of this attenuation is that the impact of hyperlipidemia on atherosclerosis or ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cornfield J,Detre K

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health recommendations promote physical activity to improve health and longevity. Recent data suggest that the association between physical activity and mortality may be due to genetic selection. Using data on twins, the authors investigated whether genetic selection explains the association between physical ac...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Carlsson S,Andersson T,Lichtenstein P,Michaëlsson K,Ahlbom A

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measures of various types of social contacts were used as predictors of ischemic heart disease events and total mortality in an age-stratified random sample of 9,573 adults enrolled in the Copenhagen City Heart Study (Copenhagen, Denmark). Baseline examinations were conducted in 1991-1994, and participants were follow...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Barefoot JC,Grønbaek M,Jensen G,Schnohr P,Prescott E

更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00