Abstract:
:Death rarely results from only one cause, and it can be caused by a variety of factors. Multiple cause-of-death data files can list as many as 20 contributing causes of death in addition to the reported underlying cause of death. Analysis of multiple cause-of-death data can provide information on associations between causes of death, revealing common combinations of events or conditions which lead to death. Additionally, physicians report the causal train of events through which they believe that different conditions or events may have led to each other and ultimately caused death. In this paper, the authors discuss methods used in studying associations between reported causes of death and in investigating commonly reported causal pathways between events or conditions listed on the death certificate.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Redelings MD,Wise M,Sorvillo Fdoi
10.1093/aje/kwm037subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
104-8issue
1eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwm037journal_volume
166pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To determine the prevalence of cysticercosis in a rural area where the disease is endemic, the authors studied the seroepidemiology of human and porcine cysticercosis in a Peruvian jungle community (Maceda, Peru) in 1988 using an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay. Of the 371 sampled inhabitants, 30...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116383
更新日期:1992-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have associated insecticides used for spruce budworm control with Reye's syndrome. In Maine, spruce budworm insecticide spraying began in 1954, and an annual spray program was started in 1972. Reye's syndrome incidence information (1978-1982), obtained from hospital discharge data, death certificates, and repo...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114440
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies suggest that vitamin D modulates the activity of adipocytes. The authors examined baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in relation to prevalent and cumulative incident obesity in Norway. A cohort of 25,616 adults aged 19-55 years participated in both the second and third surveys of t...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr456
更新日期:2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological distress has been indicated to affect the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and external causes. Mortality from these major causes of death is also known to be elevated after widowhood when distress is at a heightened level. Surprisingly little is known about changes in health other than...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy184
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation of adenocarcinoma of the facial sinuses and exposure to wood dust has been recognized for 20 years. As the tracheobronchial mucosa is similar to that lining the sinuses, a link between bronchial adenocarcinoma and wood dust exposure has been postulated. To test this hypothesis, a case-control study was co...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115444
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a retrospective study among 4,734 women who served in the US military in Vietnam (Vietnam cohort), 2,062 women who served in countries near Vietnam (near-Vietnam cohort), and 5,313 nondeployed US military women (US cohort) to evaluate the associations of mortality outcomes with Vietnam War service. Vetera...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt319
更新日期:2014-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors studied the association between female and male alcohol intakes at the time of conception and the risk of spontaneous abortion, including early pregnancy loss detected by urinary human chorionic gonadotropin. After a nationwide mailing to about 50,000 members of four trade unions in Denmark in 1992-1994, 4...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh259
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The etiology of acute diarrhea (less than or equal to 3 days duration) and persistent diarrhea (greater than or equal to 14 days duration) was determined in Cambodian children under age 5 years in a refugee camp on the Thai-Cambodian border between May and October 1989; potential risk factors associated with persisten...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116321
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) (chromosome 1p13.3) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) (22q11.2) code for cytosolic enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST)-mu and GST-theta, respectively, which are involved in phase 2 metabolism. Both genes may be deleted. There is geographic and ethnic variation ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010124
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Associations between metabolic syndrome components and prevalent ischemic heart disease (IHD) were investigated in a cross-sectional, community-based study of elderly men (n = 1,015) and women (n = 1,259) in Rancho Bernardo, California, in 1984-1987. In both sexes, there were significant positive associations between ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.5.481
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the National Cancer Institute/Children's Cancer Group case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1989-1993), living in a home with a high-voltage wire code was not associated with disease risk. To further investigate risk near power lines, the authors analyzed distance to transmission and three-p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010237
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung Health Study participants were smokers aged 35-60 years with mild lung function impairment who participated in a 5-year, 10-center (nine in the United States, one in Canada) clinical trial in 1986-1994. The authors compared the relation of randomized treatment assignments and of smoking history during the study w...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg083
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of Mycobacterium avium infected swine in an Idaho herd was made to obtain information on morbidity and to evaluate some control measures. Of 867 pigs slaughtered during a 30-day period in May and June, 1974, 100 carcasses were condemned or passed for cooking and 406 carcasses had lesions in one lymph node and ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112457
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data derived from laboratory investigations suggest that a number of dietary variables may contribute to bladder carcinogenesis. Although bladder cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer in men in the United States, dietary studies are few. The authors examined the relations between intakes of macro- and micronutr...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/152.12.1145
更新日期:2000-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the results of an investigation of the acute effects of air pollution in 321 nonsmoking adults residing in Southern California. Previous epidemiologic investigations of effects of acute exposure to ozone have focused on groups who may not be representative of the general public, such as asthmatics o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116729
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to identify individual predisposing risk indicators for falls in a sample of institutionalized frail elderly in southern Germany. The design was a prospective observational study with a 1-year follow-up (October 1998-September 1999). The study population included 472 long-term-care residents ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg203
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is generally believed that a simple lifestyle may promote health, a recent study among Trappist and Benedictine monks in the Netherlands reported an increase in general morbidity (Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:569-73). As this increased morbidity might be the consequence of an increased life expectancy, we studi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117500
更新日期:1995-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases for persons in occupations commonly involving exposure to diesel exhaust (DE). In this study, we investigated the association between occupational exposure to DE and odds of ALS. ALS cases were iden...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwy069
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in geographic information systems software and multilevel methodology provide opportunities for more extensive characterization of "at-risk" populations in epidemiologic studies. The authors used age-restricted, geocoded data from the all-African-American Jackson Heart Study (JHS), 2000-2004, to demons...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq317
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the development of hypertension among 1,270 males (aged 23-80 years at the time of entry into the study) observed prospectively for 10 years who had a baseline blood pressure of less than 140/90 mmHg and who underwent baseline spirometry. Subjects were participants in the Normative Aging Study, a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114854
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The causes of the racial/ethnic disparity in preterm birth (PTB) remain largely unknown; traditional risk factors such as smoking and prenatal care fail to account for it. The authors examined whether living in metropolitan areas (MAs) with high levels of residential racial segregation along multiple dimensions (hyper...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn043
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologic studies of overdiagnosis are challenged by unclear definitions and the absence of unified measures. This spurs great controversies. Etymologically, overdiagnosis means too much diagnosis and stems from the inability to distinguish what is important from what is not. Accordingly, in order to grasp, measur...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwz148
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Longitudinal cohort studies normally identify and adjudicate incident events detected during follow-up by retrieving medical records. There are several reasons why the adjudication process may not be successfully completed for a suspected event including the inability to retrieve medical records from hospitals and an ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr155
更新日期:2011-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study of two communities in Massachusetts showed that a group of high school sophomores exposed to 107 mg/liter sodium in their municipal drinking water had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures than a control group exposed to 8 mg/liter. The present study was undertaken to determine if ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113252
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The knowledge of leprosy epidemiology is still extremely limited as to basic epidemiologic characteristics. Only the infectious agent and the reservoir of infection have been firmly established. It is all the more surprising that very few studies of analytical leprosy epidemiology are reported in the literature. In or...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114012
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Longitudinal observational data are required to assess the association between exposure to β-interferon medications and disease progression among relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in the "real-world" clinical practice setting. Marginal structural Cox models (MSCMs) can provide distinct advantages ov...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwu125
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for cancers of the mouth and pharynx (oral cancer), but the differential risks by beverage type are unclear. In this 1992-1995 study, the authors examined oral cancer risk in Puerto Rico, comparing alcohol intake among 286 male cases aged 21-79 years and 417 population-based ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg055
更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In randomized controlled trials, the intention-to-treat estimator provides an unbiased estimate of the causal effect of treatment assignment on the outcome. However, patients often want to know what the effect would be if they were to take the treatment as prescribed (the patient-oriented effect), and several research...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwv065
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, the authors present an objective system to evaluate interviewer performance for use in epidemiologic studies. With this quality control system, all study interviews are audio-taped, and a random sample of interviews are coded according to interviewer behaviors, such as whether the interviewer asked the ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117192
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In some studies, use of vitamin supplements has been inversely associated with the risk of several chronic diseases, but little is known about whether vitamin use affects the risk of diabetes mellitus. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, the author exam...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.9.892
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00