Abstract：
:In November 1986, a statewide outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in Washington State was identified after a physician in an eastern Washington community hospitalized three patients with hemorrhagic colitis which progressed to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Epidemiologic investigation identified 37 cases in this community and linked the illnesses to a local restaurant which had served ground beef that was the suspected initial vehicle of transmission. The plasmid profile and toxin production pattern (Shiga-like toxin II alone) of the outbreak strain provided a unique strain marker. E. coli O157:H7 infections caused by this strain were simultaneously seen in other parts of the state among nursing home residents and in patients with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and an increase in sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis was noted at a Seattle health maintenance organization. It is suspected that a contaminated product, probably ground beef distributed statewide, was the common source. Tracing of this meat led to farms where rectal swabs from six (1%) of 539 cattle tested yielded E. coli O157:H7, although the plasmids and toxin production patterns of these isolates differed from the human outbreak strain. Introduction of a single strain of E. coli O157:H7 has the potential to cause widespread concurrent outbreaks. Such outbreaks are likely to escape recognition until heightened screening and surveillance for E. coli O157:H7 is established.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Ostroff SM,Griffin PM,Tauxe RV,Shipman LD,Greene KD,Wells JG,Lewis JH,Blake PA,Kobayashi JMdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115653subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-08-01 00:00:00pages
239-47issue
2eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
132pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Whether risk compensation could offset the preventive effect of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains unknown. Using virological and behavioral data collected 12 months after inclusion in the TEMPRANO randomized trial of early ART (Abidjan, Côte d'I...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kww127
更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolation of chlamydial trachomatis in sera of patients with gon ococcal urethritis (GU), non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), post-gonococca l urethritis (PGU) and trachomainclusion conjunctivitis (TRIC) is discussed. Chlamydiae were isolated in 40% of men with NGU, 20-30% with GU and 0-7% of men with symptomatic or...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112243
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From July 1, 1980 to December 2, 1982, all individuals at autopsy at the University of Michigan Medical Center greater than or equal to 65 years of age and selected individuals less than 65 years of age were examined for neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Sections of the hippocampal, parahippocampal tempora...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113897
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of characteristics of social networks and support on depressive symptoms in the elderly. The subjects were 1,962 noninstitutionalized persons 65 years and older from the New Haven Establishment of Populations for Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly in 1982, who were a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116297
更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular morbidity has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution, although the relation between pollutants and sudden death from cardiac arrest has not been established. This study examined associations between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and fine PM (of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm, or PM(2...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq217
更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been much concern among the public and veterans that specific environmental exposures incurred during the Gulf War were the cause of subsequent illness among Gulf War veterans. In this historical cohort study, the authors compared the postwar morbidity of US military personnel exposed to smoke from the 1991 ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/155.10.908
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of the association of serum selenium with the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease among 2,062 US men and women 40 years of age or older participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2004. Serum selenium was measured by using inductively ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn414
更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The extension of case-control methods to the study of common outcomes has led to the development of several design and analysis techniques which do not employ the rare-disease assumption. Unfortunately, the principles underlying valid application of these techniques are more subtle than those first considered by Cornf...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114476
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The link between blood pressure measured at juvenile ages (3-18 years) and subsequent adult ages (30 and 50 years) was investigated in a community-based longitudinal study conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1928 to the present. The original sample of 550 persons decreased 61 percent by age 50 years, leaving ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116543
更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine whether intakes of wine, beer, spirits, and total alcohol are associated with the risk of common cold, in 1998-1999 the authors analyzed data from a cohort study carried out in a population of 4,272 faculty and staff of five Spanish universities. Usual alcohol intake was assessed at baseline by means of a s...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/155.9.853
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the mediation mechanisms by which an exposure or intervention affects an outcome can provide a look into what has been called a "black box" of many epidemiologic associations, thereby providing further evidence of a relationship and possible points of intervention. Rapid methodologic developments in medi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy248
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new viral agent, isolated from the serum of an infectious hepatitis patient and designated as Agent II-B, was extensively studied in in vitro and in vivo systems. Agent II-B multiplied well in primary and serial animal cell cultures and in embryonated hen's eggs. Quantal and quantitative infectivity assays were perf...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112715
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we assessed the association of chronic medical conditions and multimorbidity with perceived stress among community-dwelling adults in 44 low- and middle-income countries. Data from the World Health Survey (2002-2004), including 229,293 adults, were analyzed. A perceived stress score (range, 0 (lowest st...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx159
更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is broad agreement that religion is a social determinant of health. In the article by Chen and VanderWeele (Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(11):2355-2364), the authors took an outcome-wide approach to demonstrate associations between religious practices early in the life course (regular service attendance and prayer/me...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz204
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117500
更新日期：1995-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu204
更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal genetic variation may serve as a biomarker in studies aimed at clarifying fetal determinants of infant or adult disease. The log-linear approach to case-parent triad data (LCPT) can be used to investigate maternal genetic polymorphisms in relation to offspring disease risk, but LCPT operating characteristics ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwi021
更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of Warthin's tumor, a benign parotid gland tumor, is unknown. Recent evidence suggests a possible relation with cigarette smoking as well as increasing incidence. We reviewed the medical record of subjects with a major salivary gland tumor newly diagnosed in Jefferson County, Alabama, from 1968 to 1989, a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008906
更新日期：1996-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence concerning the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of colorectal cancer remains controversial. The authors assessed the association of H. pylori seroprevalence with risk of colorectal cancer in a large population-based case-control study from Germany in 2003-2007. Serum antibodies to H. p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr331
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutritional conditions in early life may affect adult health, but prior studies of mortality have been limited to small samples. We evaluated the relationship between pre-/perinatal famine exposure during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 and mortality through age 63 years among 41,096 men born in 1944-1947 and exa...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu288
更新日期：2015-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a relation between male exposure to pesticides and the amount of time needed to conceive (time to pregnancy) for farmers and agricultural workers in France and Denmark. The authors used retrospective studies to compare the time to pregnancy of couples in which t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009975
更新日期：1999-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Multisymptom illness is more prevalent in 1991 Gulf War veterans than in military comparison groups; less is known about comorbidities. The authors compared physical, psychological, and functional comorbidities in Australian male Gulf War I veterans with those in actively (non-Gulf) deployed and nondeployed military p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp238
更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors conducted descriptive and case-control studies to find factors associated with earthquake deaths due to the Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake on January 17, 1995, in Nishinomiya, Japan. In the case-control study, cases included all 1,104 deaths. Controls were randomly selected from survivors. Earthquake morta...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/153.2.153
更新日期：2001-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:From 1996 to 2001, the authors undertook a case-control study of 192 pelvis fracture cases (men and women) and 2,402 controls aged > or = 45 years at five Kaiser Permanente medical centers in Northern California. Most information on potential risk factors was obtained by means of an interviewer-administered questionna...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kwi295
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plague (infection by Yersinia pestis) was present in Hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. The first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, on ships from the Orient. Both species were already established in Hawaii and became the widesp...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113745
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In prospective studies, disease rates during follow-up are typically analyzed with respect to the values of factors measured during an initial baseline survey. However, because of "regression dilution," this generally tends to underestimate the real associations of disease rates with the "usual" levels of such risk fa...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010013
更新日期：1999-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A battalion of United States Marines traveling to South Korea in the spring of 1976 was studied to determine the incidence and etiology of gastroenteritis. During the three weeks they visited South Korea, 21% of 694 marines developed diarrhea. Stool and serum specimens collected before, during, and after their stay we...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An exact probability test and its asymptotic version are described for testing the hypothesis that clustering of disease observed among population units is likely to have been due to chance alone. The test is based on a scheme for ranking possible arrangements of ill and well persons by degree of clustering, as measur...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113684
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between January 1983 and December 1986, a total of 376 mothers living in Godthaab and Thule, Greenland, were asked about their average weekly intake of marine food. The blood methylmercury concentrations of mothers and offspring were measured. Mean methylmercury concentrations in infants were found to be 40 percent hi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115660
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A statistic, Q, based on the ranks of the estimated probabilities of disease is proposed for assessing the effectiveness of regression models used with dichotomous dependent variables in epidemiologic studies of risk factors for chronic diseases. The pitfalls of R2 are discussed, and the proposed statistic is compared...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112718
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
