Clustering of disease in population units: an exact test and its asymptotic version.

abstract：:To identify cancers that occur at higher rates in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, the cancer experience of New York State (NYS) AIDS patients aged 15-69 years who were diagnosed between 1981 and 1994 was compared with that of the NYS general population. Sex and HIV risk group-specific standardized ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gallagher B,Wang Z,Schymura MJ,Kahn A,Fordyce EJ

更新日期：2001-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Differences in hygienic habits and base-line secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A which might have contributed to the prevalence of skin infections and/or absence of increased serum IgA values were sought in patients with poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (nephritis) in contrast to patients with acute rheumatic fe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Potter EV,Vincente JB,Mayon-WHite RT,Shaughnessy MA,Poon-King T,Earle DP

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Menstrual bleeding patterns are considered relevant indicators of reproductive health, though few studies have evaluated patterns among regularly menstruating premenopausal women. The authors evaluated self-reported bleeding patterns, incidence of spotting, and associations with reproductive hormones among 201 women i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dasharathy SS,Mumford SL,Pollack AZ,Perkins NJ,Mattison DR,Wactawski-Wende J,Schisterman EF

更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:While studies show that ultrafine and fine particles can be translocated from the lungs to the central nervous system, the possible neurodegenerative effect of air pollution remains largely unexplored. The authors examined the relation between black carbon, a marker for traffic particles, and cognition among 202 Bosto...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Suglia SF,Gryparis A,Wright RO,Schwartz J,Wright RJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of strong assumptions (e.g., exchangeability), only bounds for causal effects can be identified. Here we describe bounds for the risk difference for an effect of a binary exposure on a binary outcome in 4 common study settings: observational studies and randomized studies, each with and without simple r...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Breskin A,Westreich D,Cole SR,Edwards JK

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors assessed the relation between cigarette smoking and nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study of 124 cases of ulcerative colitis, 109 cases of Crohn's disease, and 250 age- and sex-matched control subjects in hospital for acute nongastric or intestinal conditions unrelated to smoking. ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Franceschi S,Panza E,La Vecchia C,Parazzini F,Decarli A,Bianchi Porro G

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, the authors present an objective system to evaluate interviewer performance for use in epidemiologic studies. With this quality control system, all study interviews are audio-taped, and a random sample of interviews are coded according to interviewer behaviors, such as whether the interviewer asked the ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Edwards S,Slattery ML,Mori M,Berry TD,Caan BJ,Palmer P,Potter JD

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is much more common in Asian countries than in Western countries. However, since the 1980s, nasopharyngeal carcinoma incidence has fallen among both men and women in Hong Kong, and recently a similar trend has also been noted in Singapore. Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and En...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sun LM,Epplein M,Li CI,Vaughan TL,Weiss NS

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined interactions between lifestyle factors and genetic risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D-GR), captured by genetic risk score (GRS) and family history (FH). Our initial study cohort included 20,524 European-ancestry participants, of whom 1,897 developed incident T2D, in the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2016), Nurses' ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ding M,Ahmad S,Qi L,Hu Y,Bhupathiraju SN,Guasch-Ferré M,Jensen MK,Chavarro JE,Ridker PM,Willett WC,Chasman DI,Hu FB,Kraft P

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:One measure of the severity of a pandemic influenza outbreak at the individual level is the risk of death among people infected by the new virus. However, there are complications in estimating both the numerator and denominator. Regarding the numerator, statistical estimates of the excess deaths associated with influe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wong JY,Wu P,Nishiura H,Goldstein E,Lau EH,Yang L,Chuang SK,Tsang T,Peiris JS,Wu JT,Cowling BJ

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To facilitate an increase in the amount of data on minority subjects collected for genetic databases, the authors attempted to clarify barriers to African-American participation in genetic studies. They randomly sampled 78,072 subjects from the community (Missouri Family Registry, 2002-2007). Of these, 28,658 particip...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hartz SM,Johnson EO,Saccone NL,Hatsukami D,Breslau N,Bierut LJ

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated blood pressure in 1,183 Chinese nuclear families (mother, father, and first two children) via a cross-sectional 1994-1997 survey. The mother's, the father's, and the first sibling's blood pressures were each significantly and independently related to the second sibling's blood pressure after ad...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang X,Wang B,Chen C,Yang J,Fang Z,Zuckerman B,Xu X

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of weight in middle-aged men and subsequent weight change on the risk of osteoporosis three decades later. The authors utilized data from 1,476 Norwegian men participating in two health screenings in Oslo (1972-1973 and 2000-2001) and Tromsø (1974-1975 and 2001). Heig...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Meyer HE,Søgaard AJ,Falch JA,Jørgensen L,Emaus N

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Power considerations for trials evaluating vaccines against infectious diseases are complicated by indirect protective effects of vaccination. While cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs) are less statistically efficient than individually randomized controlled trials (iRCTs), a cRCT's ability to measure direct a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hitchings MDT,Lipsitch M,Wang R,Bellan SE

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between a single interpregnancy interval (IPI) and birth outcomes has not yet been explored using matched methods. We modeled the odds of preterm birth, being small for gestational age, and having low birth weight in a second, live-born infant in a cohort of 192,041 sibling pairs born in Western Austra...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Regan AK,Ball SJ,Warren JL,Malacova E,Padula A,Marston C,Nassar N,Stanley F,Leonard H,de Klerk N,Pereira G

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A national serosurvey was conducted in Mexico from March to October 1986 to identify predictors of dengue transmission and target areas at high risk of severe annual epidemics. A total of 3,408 households in 70 localities with populations less than 50,000 were randomly sampled, and serology was obtained from one subje...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Koopman JS,Prevots DR,Vaca Marin MA,Gomez Dantes H,Zarate Aquino ML,Longini IM Jr,Sepulveda Amor J

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between body mass index expressed as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters cubed (weight (kg)/height (m3)) and plasma total cholesterol was assessed in a sample of 11,389 US schoolchildren, aged 5-18 years, between 1984 and 1989. Among whites and Hispanics, a statistically significant nonlinear ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Resnicow K,Morabia A

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some studies have suggested that eating patterns, which describe eating frequency, the temporal distribution of eating events across the day, breakfast skipping, and the frequency of eating meals away from home, may be related to obesity. Data from the Seasonal Variation of Blood Cholesterol Study (1994-1998) were use...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ma Y,Bertone ER,Stanek EJ 3rd,Reed GW,Hebert JR,Cohen NL,Merriam PA,Ockene IS

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases for persons in occupations commonly involving exposure to diesel exhaust (DE). In this study, we investigated the association between occupational exposure to DE and odds of ALS. ALS cases were iden...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dickerson AS,Hansen J,Gredal O,Weisskopf MG

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The safety and immunogenicity of a plasma-derived heat-inactivated hepatitis B vaccine (CLB) were evaluated in 471 healthy human volunteers, who, both in their occupations and in their private lives, had been at minimal risk of being infected with hepatitis B virus. The first 202 individuals received three 3-microgram...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lelie PN,Reesink HW,de Jong-van Manen ST,Dees PJ,Reerink-Brongers EE

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Narrowing and other changes in retinal arterioles may reflect damage due to hypertension, which may predict stroke and other cardiovascular diseases independently of blood pressure level. Newly developed quantitative methods of assessing retinal narrowing are used to determine whether this sign is related only to curr...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharrett AR,Hubbard LD,Cooper LS,Sorlie PD,Brothers RJ,Nieto FJ,Pinsky JL,Klein R

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk factors for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6/11 and 16/18 and any HPV type as well as for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections were investigated in a population-based study of 1,600 randomly selected women (20-39 years) from Godthåb (native, Nuuk), Greenland, and Nykøbing Falster, Denmark. A t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kjaer SK,Engholm G,Teisen C,Haugaard BJ,Lynge E,Christensen RB,Møller KA,Jensen H,Poll P,Vestergaard BF

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human brucellosis in Florida is documented for the 47-year period 1928-1975. Of the 936 cases reported in 1930-1975, more than half (505) occurred in the decade 1940-1949. The incidence declined rapidly to an average rate of five cases per year, although there was an increase in 1974 and 1975. The analysis is mainly c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bigler WJ,Hoff GL,Hemmert WH,Tomas JA,Janowski HT

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-fiber diets are associated with improved lipid profiles. However, pre- and postmenopausal women respond differently to fiber intake, suggesting that endogenous estradiol mediates the effect. The authors' objective was to determine the direct effect of fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mumford SL,Schisterman EF,Siega-Riz AM,Gaskins AJ,Wactawski-Wende J,VanderWeele TJ

更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Exceptionally high incidence rates of thyroid cancer are observed in New Caledonia, particularly in Melanesian women. To investigate further the etiology of thyroid cancer and to clarify the reasons of this elevated incidence, the authors conducted a countrywide population-based case-control study in this multiethnic ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Guignard R,Truong T,Rougier Y,Baron-Dubourdieu D,Guénel P

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors have investigated the effects of parental smoking patterns on the pulmonary function of children in East Boston, Massachusetts. A crude inverse dose-response relationship was observed between the level of FEF25--75% predicted of children who never smoked and the number of smoking parents in the household. ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tager IB,Weiss ST,Rosner B,Speizer FE

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors evaluated risk factors potentially associated with the development of popliteal artery atherosclerosis in a population-based study and compared them with factors linked to carotid wall intimal-medial thickness. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study is a longitudinal investigation of cardiova...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dobs AS,Nieto FJ,Szklo M,Barnes R,Sharrett AR,Ko WJ

更新日期：1999-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 1,054 Hong Kong Chinese subjects aged 70 years or over were recruited into a cohort study to investigate the relation between social support and health outcomes. More than 30 social, health, and behavioral characteristics were recorded as baseline information when the study began in 1985. Mortality data wer...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ho SC

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of most case-control studies have suggested a positive association between eating frequency and colorectal cancer risk. Because no prospective cohort studies have done so to date, the authors prospectively examined this association. In 1992, eating frequency was assessed in a cohort of 34,968 US men in the...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mekary RA,Hu FB,Willett WC,Chiuve S,Wu K,Fuchs C,Fung TT,Giovannucci E

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from a case-control study conducted in New York State during 1982-1984 were used to evaluate the relation between alcohol consumption and estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers and alcohol and various histologic subtypes. The cases were women between 20 and 79 years of age with a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Nasca PC,Liu S,Baptiste MS,Kwon CS,Jacobson H,Metzger BB

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00