Abstract：
:The association between standardized cancer mortality rate ratios from 1969-1978 and dietary practices was examined in an ecologic study of the 24 counties of Sweden by means of several independent data sources. The study supports the hypothesis that a high intake of cereal fiber protects against colorectal cancer (r = -0.75 for males and r = -0.67 for females). This study found no association between fat intake and colorectal cancer. However, a negative correlation between milk consumption and this type of cancer was found. A suggested hypothesis is that calcium protects against colorectal cancer, since milk is the major source for calcium intake in Sweden. This could indicate that, for societies with a high fat intake, preventive measures which increase the intake of fiber and milk or calcium might have a greater impact on mortality from cancer of the colon and rectum than would a moderate decrease in the intake of fat. There are no indications in this study that fat intake promotes breast cancer.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Rosén M,Nyström L,Wall Sdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114789subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
42-9issue
1eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
127pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Experimental and prevalent case-control studies suggest an association between biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, and adiposity and cancer risk, but results from prospective studies have been limited. The authors' objective was to prospectively examine the relations between these biomarkers and cancer r...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/aje/kws359
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the percentage of US drivers with valid driver's licenses varies from state to state, it has historically been high enough to constitute a useful sampling frame for many public health purposes. Over the past decade, states have had to restrict access to this information to comply with the Driver's Privacy Pro...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr018
更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Whether caffeine intake during pregnancy is related to intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and preterm birth remains unclear. The purpose of this population-based study is to assess these associations and to evaluate the interaction between caffeine intake and smoking. The study participants (n = 7,025)...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116763
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An approach is described for predicting the statistical value of extending follow-up in a cohort study. A simple approximation to the expected number of new events of interest is given. The effect of these events on inferences for parameters such as a standardized mortality ratio is approached in two ways. The first c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114040
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents findings on depressive symptomatology among 3,118 Mexican-American adults who participated in the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES). In 1982-1984, the National Institute of Mental Health Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was administered to Mexican Americans ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115341
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a case-control study of childhood leukemia in relation to exposure to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF), 399 children resident in five Canadian provinces who were diagnosed at ages 0-14 years between 1990 and 1994 (June 1995 in British Columbia and Quebec) were enrolled, along with 399 controls. Ex...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009899
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult height is determined by genetics and childhood nutrition, but childhood infections may also play a role. Monozygotic twins are genetically matched and offer an advantage when identifying environmental determinants. In 2005-2007, we examined the association of childhood infections with adult height in 140 height-...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwt012
更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) are measures of subclinical vascular disease. This 2000-2006 study aimed to characterize the associations among coronary artery disease risk factors, CAC quantity, and CIMT and to estimate shared genetic and environmental contr...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn211
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of DNA fingerprinting techniques for Mycobacterium tuberculosis has led to attempts to estimate the extent of recent transmission in populations, using the assumption that groups of tuberculosis patients with identical isolates ("clusters") are likely to reflect recently acquired infections. It is nev...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009822
更新日期：1999-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the December 1952 smog disaster in London, a substantial increase in mortality was closely associated with the increase in air pollution. Deaths from cardiovascular causes were elevated as well as respiratory deaths. The increase was greatest in the elderly. Hospital admissions were increased for both respiratory a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117541
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For determination of the effects of weight variability on cardiovascular risk factors, a random community sample of 269 men and 361 women aged 25-74 years, drawn from the Stanford Five-City Project, was followed for up to 10 years (1979-1989). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and high density lipoprotein c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117448
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequences of treatments that adapt to a patient's changing condition over time are often needed for the management of chronic diseases. An adaptive treatment strategy (ATS) consists of personalized treatment rules to be applied through the course of a disease that input the patient's characteristics at the time of dec...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz272
更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:In the absence of strong assumptions (e.g., exchangeability), only bounds for causal effects can be identified. Here we describe bounds for the risk difference for an effect of a binary exposure on a binary outcome in 4 common study settings: observational studies and randomized studies, each with and without simple r...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz060
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study investigated the prevalence of antibodies to five leading agents of childhood respiratory disease in the county of Huixquilucan, Mexico. Tests of sera from a random sample of children between 3 months and 18 years of age confirmed serologically the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial (RS...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112113
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mortality among veterans has been studied in relation to military rank at separation in a series of 85,491 men discharged from the US Army in 1946 and traced through 1969. It was found that although the mortality of privates was very close to expectation based on population rates, non-commissioned officers had a 23% a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112420
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper addresses the use of epidemiologic evidence when a cluster becomes the focus of dispute in court. It is often difficult to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that an exposure for which a defendant is responsible caused the disease or diseases at issue. Thus, in a number of cases plaintiffs have resort...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115793
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have reported an increased risk of multiple myeloma associated with excess body weight. We investigated the risk of multiple myeloma in relation to separate measures of adiposity and energy balance at different ages in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a large prospective co...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kws295
更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A simulation model was used to study the spread of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), namely gonorrhea and genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The model is based on a stochastic pair formation and separation process, which describes the underlying structure of the sexual contact pattern. It is impleme...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008926
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolation of chlamydial trachomatis in sera of patients with gon ococcal urethritis (GU), non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), post-gonococca l urethritis (PGU) and trachomainclusion conjunctivitis (TRIC) is discussed. Chlamydiae were isolated in 40% of men with NGU, 20-30% with GU and 0-7% of men with symptomatic or...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112243
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between cataract prevalence, altitude, and sunlight hours was investigated in a large national probability sample survey of 105 sites in the Himalayan kingdom of Nepal, December 1980 through April 1981. Cataract of senile or unknown etiology was diagnosed by ophthalmologists in 873 of 30,565 full-time...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113632
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the 1973 summer season, 27 employees and 35 overnight guests at the North Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, acquired febrile illnesses compatibel with relapsing fever. Sixteen cases were confirmed by finding Borrelia spirochetes in peripheral blood smears or inoculated Swiss mice. Retrospective surveys ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112406
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In November 1984, a foodborne outbreak of Norwalk gastroenteritis occurred in a K-12 public school in northern Vermont. The outbreak offered an opportunity to systematically study in detail secondary transmission rates in households. Eating salad at Tuesday's school-sponsored Thanksgiving Banquet was associated with i...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114756
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a cohort of 849 infants with an asthmatic sibling, the authors examined the relations of exposure to allergens (dust mite, cockroach, cat, and dog), nitrogen dioxide, and mold with symptoms of wheeze and persistent cough in the first year of life (1998-2000). Among infants whose mothers had physician-diagnosed asth...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg148
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective was to study changes in the occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related Kaposi's sarcoma and the association with degree of immunodeficiency over time. Danish patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed between 1979 and 1990 (n = 687) were followed clinically and with ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117481
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of characteristics of social networks and support on depressive symptoms in the elderly. The subjects were 1,962 noninstitutionalized persons 65 years and older from the New Haven Establishment of Populations for Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly in 1982, who were a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116297
更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors investigated the association between maternal preconceptional supplemental and dietary zinc intake and risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in a population-based case-control study conducted between 1989 and 1991 in California. Cases were 430 NTD-affected fetuses/infants, and controls were 429 randomly selec...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010059
更新日期：1999-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:When researching racial disparities in health, residential segregation cannot be ignored. Because of segregation, contextual differences by race are so pronounced that ignoring them may lead to mis-estimating the effect of individual-level factors. However, given the stark racial separation of social contexts, researc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn290
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are usually the preferred strategy with which to generate evidence of comparative effectiveness, but conducting an RCT is not always feasible. Though observational studies and RCTs often provide comparable estimates, the questioning of observational analyses has recently intensified b...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr301
更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-associated diseases were observed in a household in eastern Connecticut having 134 cats over a period of five and a half years. FeLV-positive cats had a much higher mortality rate (34.6 deaths per 1000 cat-months of follow-up) than did FeLV-negative cats (8.9 deaths per 1000 cat-months of ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112905
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To help public health practitioners promote physical activities with a low risk of injury, this study determined the relation among type and duration of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and musculoskeletal injury in a sample of adults enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Subjects included 4...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/154.3.251
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
