Abstract:
:The in vitro pharmacodynamic properties of colistin and colistin methanesulfonate were investigated by studying the MICs, time-kill kinetics, and postantibiotic effect (PAE) against mucoid and nonmucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. Twenty-three clinical strains, including multiresistant strains, and one type strain were selected for MIC determination. Eleven strains were resistant; MICs for these strains were >128 mg/liter. For the susceptible strains, MICs of colistin ranged from 1 to 4 mg/liter, while the MICs of colistin methanesulfonate were significantly higher and ranged from 4 to 16 mg/liter. The time-kill kinetics were investigated with three strains at drug concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 64 times the MIC. Colistin showed extremely rapid killing, resulting in complete elimination at the highest concentrations within 5 min, while colistin methanesulfonate killed more slowly, requiring a concentration of 16 times the MIC to achieve complete killing within 24 h. Colistin exhibited a significant PAE of 2 to 3 h at 16 times the MIC against the three strains after 15 min of exposure. For colistin methanesulfonate, PAEs were shorter at the concentrations tested. Colistin methanesulfonate had lower overall bactericidal and postantibiotic activities than colistin, even when adjusted for differences in MICs. Our data suggest that doses of colistin methanesulfonate higher than the recommended 2 to 3 mg/kg of body weight every 12 h may be required for the effective treatment of P. aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Li J,Turnidge J,Milne R,Nation RL,Coulthard Kdoi
10.1128/AAC.45.3.781-785.2001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
781-5issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Placental transfer of the HIV protease inhibitor darunavir was investigated in 5 term human cotyledons perfused with darunavir (1,000 ng/ml) in the maternal to fetal direction. The mean (± the standard deviation [SD]) fetal transfer rate (FTR) (fetal/maternal concentration at steady state from 30 to 90 min) was 15.0%±...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.8.1775
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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doi:10.1128/aac.36.2.343
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::Disseminated infections caused by the Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAC) are the most frequent opportunistic bacterial infections in patients with AIDS. MAC isolates are resistant to many of the standard antituberculous drugs. Failure to obtain significant activities of certain drugs is due to difficu...
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