Abstract:
:There is strong evidence that biological response to ionizing radiation has a contribution from unirradiated "bystander" cells that respond to signals emitted by irradiated cells. We discuss here an approach incorporating a radiobiological bystander response, superimposed on a direct response due to direct energy deposition in cell nuclei. A quantitative model based on this approach is described for alpha-particle-induced in vitro oncogenic transformation. The model postulates that the oncogenic bystander response is a binary "all or nothing" phenomenon in a small sensitive subpopulation of cells, and that cells from this sensitive subpopulation are also very sensitive to direct hits from alpha particles, generally resulting in a directly hit sensitive cell being inactivated. The model is applied to recent data on in vitro oncogenic transformation produced by broad-beam or microbeam alpha-particle irradiation. Two parameters are used in analyzing the data for transformation frequency. The analysis suggests that, at least for alpha-particle-induced oncogenic transformation, bystander effects are important only at small doses-here below about 0.2 Gy. At still lower doses, bystander effects may dominate the overall response, possibly leading to an underestimation of low-dose risks extrapolated from intermediate doses, where direct effects dominate.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Brenner DJ,Little JB,Sachs RKdoi
10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0402:tbeiro]2.0.co;2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
402-8issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
155pub_type
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