Abstract:
:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a low endemicity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sexual transmission must play an important role in this virus, but the prevalence and risk factors have never been properly investigated. The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence and risk factors for HBV infection in patients attending a Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic of the Universidade Federal Fluminense, from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In a retrospective study, HBV seroprevalence was investigated in 440 patients. Serum of each patient was assayed for antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Demographic and risk factor data were extracted from clinic notes. The overall seroprevalence of exposure markers for HBV (anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs) were 13%, 3.4% and 8.5% respectively. Homo/bisexual behaviour, anal intercourse, HIV infection, positive serology for syphilis and blood transfusion were predictors of the HBV exposure. Among demographic data, age and place of birth were associated with the anti-HBc seropositivity.
journal_name
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruzjournal_title
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruzauthors
Oliveira LH,Silva IR,Xavier BL,Cavalcanti SMdoi
10.1590/s0074-02762001000500007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
635-40issue
5eissn
0074-0276issn
1678-8060pii
S0074-02762001000500007journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Nitroarylidenemalononitriles and their cyanoacetamide derivatives with remarkable anti-epimastigote properties, were synthesized attempting to obtain new 3,5-diamino-4-(5'-nitroarylidene)-4H-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives, which in previous reports had shown anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Tests to evaluate the ...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762002000400019
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A semiarid area of northwest Costa Rica where Lutzomyia longipalpis is common in corrals around houses is described. Monthly captures of the sandfly during two consecutive years for fixed periods of time indicated that the insect bites avidly cows, horses, pigs, dogs and humans. From a total of 14,215 specimens, 90.5%...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02761984000400010
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infections in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers are the most severe form of viral hepatitis. HDV prevalence is high in the Brazilian Amazon, but studies in other regions of the country are still scarce and often underestimated its prevalence by including a small numbers of individu...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-02760190074
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an organism that is frequently transmitted in hospitals and perinatal units. The MRSA is considered a public health problem in neonatology because of its strong potential for dissemination in the wards associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this ...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762000000600005
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chagas disease is a public health problem caused by infection with the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. There is currently no effective therapy for Chagas disease. Although there is some evidence for the beneficial effect of bone marrow-derived cells in chagasic disease, the mechanisms underlying their effects i...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-02760160526
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between toxocariasis frequency and demographic, environmental, sanitary variables, eosinophylia, and other intestinal parasites in a rural population of Argentina. Serological examination of 100 individuals was carried out by using ELISA technique for the de...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000400009
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical mycology has greatly benefited from the introduction of molecular techniques. New knowledge on molecular genetics has provided both theoretical and practical frameworks, permitting important advances in our understanding of several aspects of pathogenic fungi. Considering Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in parti...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000400018
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The great difficulties in treating people and animals suffering from cryptosporidiosis have prompted the development of in vitro experimental models. Due to the models of in vitro culture, new extracellular stages of Cryptosporidium have been demonstrated. The development of these extracellular phases depends on the t...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762007005000071
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) plays a major role in liver pathology. Similar to other members of the herpesvirus family, EBV establishes a persistent infection in more than 90% of adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of EBV and chronic hepatitis C co-infection (HCV) on biochemical and immunological resp...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-0276140049
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A one year-long study (March 1979-March 1980) was carried out at San Esteban, an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Northern Venezuela, with the aim of observing the seasonal fluctuation of the local phlebotomine sandflies species. The influence of climatic factors (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02761987000200003
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Brazil, until 2004, the immunization policy against diphtheria involved childhood vaccination with no official routine booster dose administered after 15 years of age. This study assessed functional antibody levels against diphtheria among blood donors. A total of 140 blood samples were collected, and diphtheria an...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000400019
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virulence and antibiotic resistance are significant determinants of the types of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and paediatric groups remain among the most commonly affected populations. The goal of this study was to characterise virulence genes of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-r...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762011000800013
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between pyogenic liver abscesses and schistosomiasis has been confirmed by clinical and experimental studies. In this retrospective study of 78 patients with pyogenic liver abscesses the association with schistosomiasis has been investigated. Pyodermitis, a known focus of bacteremia, was observed in 19...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762001000900021
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acinetobacter baumannii is a strictly aerobic bacterium which causes severe infections, however its pathogenic characteristics are not well defined. Thirteen A. baumannii strains isolated from urine of hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with different ages were investigated for the presence of virulence factors...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762004000800010
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In recent years, South America has suffered the burden of continuous high impact outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Aedes aegypti is the main mosquito vector of these arboviruses and its control is the only solution to reduce transmission. OBJECTIVES:In order to improve vector control it is essentia...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-02760190120
更新日期:2019-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Trypanosoma cruzi acute infections often go unperceived, but one third of chronically infected individuals die of Chagas disease, showing diverse manifestations affecting the heart, intestines, and nervous systems. A common denominator of pathology in Chagas disease is the minimal rejection unit, whereby parasite-free...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000500001
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic DNA fragments from males of Psychodopygus wellcomei were isolated and shown to be useful as sensitive diagnostic probes for positively separating individuals of this species from those of Ps. complexus. These two members of the Ps. squamiventris series are found sympatrically in foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02761991000100008
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is no effective chemotherapy against diseases caused by Phytomonas sp., a plant trypanosomatid responsible for economic losses in major crops. We tested three triazolo-pyrimidine complexes [two with Pt(II), and another with Ru(III)] against promastigotes of Phytomonas sp. isolated from Euphorbia characias. The i...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762004000600021
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infusions of Aspidosperma nitidum (Apocynaceae) wood bark are used to treat fever and malaria in the Amazon Region. Several species of this family are known to possess indole alkaloids and other classes of secondary metabolites, whereas terpenoids, an inositol and the indole alkaloids harmane-3 acid and braznitidumine...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-0276130246
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal malnutrition during the lactation period in early development may have long-term programming effects on adult offspring. We evaluated the combined effects of parasitological behaviour and histopathological features and malnutrition during lactation. Lactating mice and their pups were divided into a control gr...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762011000500011
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspects related to hatching, lifetime, number of blood meals for molting, mortality, feeding time, and postfeeding defecation delay were evaluated and compared in each instar of three North American Triatominae: Triatoma gerstaeckeri, Triatoma lecticularia and Triatoma protracta, all of them fed on rabbits. No signifi...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762007000800006
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article tries to demonstrate by new pathological findings (with the use of immunohistochemical technique and confocal laser microscopy) that chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is a result of multiple factors involving myocarditis, immunodepression, severe fibrosis and microvessels dilatation and that all of these al...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1590/s0074-02761999000700044
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study was conducted to determine the presence ofMycobacterium lepraeDNA in nasal secretions of leprosy cases and nonleprosy individuals in Fortaleza, Brazil. It included 185 cases identified by physicians at the Dona Libânia National Reference Centre for Sanitary Dermatology (CDERM). A control group (Co...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-02760150178
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Applications of flow cytometry to clinical and experimental hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are discussed in this review covering the following topics: diagnosis and classification of lymphohematologic disorders, quantitation of hematopoietic progenitors in the graft, lymphohematopoietic reconstitution ...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762000000300018
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this transversal study, factors related to infection with and transmission of Schistosoma mansoni were explored. Based on stool examinations of two Kato-Katz smears of a single sample, the prevalences of schistosomiasis and geohelminths were established. In a multivariable analysis, sets of demographic, socio-econo...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000400037
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we observed the uptake of membrane-impermeant molecules by cercariae as they penetrate the skin and are transformed into schistosomula. We propose that membrane-impermeant molecules, Lucifer Yellow, Propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258 enter the parasite through both thenephridiopore and the surface membrane and t...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000400007
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The susceptibility of Anopheles aquasalis (F3 generation) and An. darlingi (F1 generation) to Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein phenotypes from a limited number of blood samples of malaria patients in Belém, state of Pará, Brazil, was examined A polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the P. vivax phen...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000500011
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Anaplasma marginale detecting antibodies in cattle raised in the semi-arid region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, through indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and to compare the performances of indirect e...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762005000600003
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were conducted to determine the selection of humans, chickens and rabbits by Culicidae in three different environments in the province of Chaco, Argentina. Mosquitoes were collected fortnightly using cylindrical metal traps containing animal bait (chickens and rabbits). The mosquitoes were collected between Ju...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0074-02762013000500005
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical pathways involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis converge at the enzymatic step catalysed by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT, EC: 2.7.7.1). The majority of NMNATs are assembled into homo-oligomeric states that comprise 2-6 subunits. Recently, the NMNAT of...
journal_title:Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/0074-02760180073
更新日期:2018-07-10 00:00:00