Availability of learned helplessness test as a model of depression compared to a forced swimming test in rats.

abstract：:Phencyclidine (PCP; 10 mg/kg, s.c.) produced a marked diuresis which occurred without significant changes in solute excretion. This diuresis occurred predominantly within 2 h of PCP injection, and was blocked by pretreatment with vasopressin. The maximum diuresis corresponded temporally to a significant fall in plasma...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Zerbe RL,Bayorh MA,Quirion R,Kopin IJ

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the method of staining mucus with Alcian blue and destaining it with magnesium chloride, it was found that intragastric administration of carbenoxolone in mice did not significantly affect duodenal mucus synthesis at doses which remarkably increased gastric mucus synthesis. However, in vitro study showed that ca...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Dai S,Ogle CW,Cho CH

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:L-Carnitine (oral route) significantly corrects the muscle hypocontractility and hypoexcitability induced in the rat after 5 consecutive days of fasting. This effect is interpreted on the basis of the dual role of L-carnitine as cofactor in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria and as a detoxif...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Pierrefiche G,Reynier M,Laborit H

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:To compare the bioavailability of a new oromucosal formulation of flurbiprofen 8.75-mg lozenges, developed by Alfa Wassermann S.p.A. (test drug) to that of marketed flurbiprofen 8.75-mg lozenges (Benactiv Gola®, reference drug). METHODS:This was an open, randomised, two-period, crossover, pharmacokinetic (PK) stu...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Matzneller P,Burian A,Martin W,Annoni O,Lauro V,Tacchi R,Brunner M,Zeitlinger M

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of hypothermia (4 degrees C) on the components of the cholinergic system of the ileal longitudinal muscle and the adherent Auerbach's plexus of the guinea pig ileum have been investigated. Acetylcholine (ACh) content of the muscle was determined by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. It decreased from 119 to a f...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ochillo R,Rowell PP,Sastry BV

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronical pathological process of the arterial narrows due to the AS plaque formation. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of Floralozone on experimental atherosclerotic model rats. Experimental atherosclerotic model rats were induced by th...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yang YP,Zhu ML,Zhang HY,Song P,Xu J,Li P,Yin YL

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic administration of triazolam (0.25 mg/kg/day, i.p.) on days 1-8 and its withdrawal produced an anxiogenic reaction in mice as assessed in the mirrored-chamber test. Daily administration of bupropion (2 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to triazolam for 8 days prevented withdrawal-induced anxiety in mice. Triazolam withdr...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Joshi D,Naidu PS,Singh A,Kulkarni SK

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate potential stereoselective effects of single barbiturate isomers, we compared the inhibitory potency of single thiopentone enantiomers, two isomer-enriched mixtures of methohexitone and racemic mixtures of both barbiturates on the fMLP-induced neutrophil oxidative response. A suppression of the response to...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Wittmann S,Daniels S,Ittner KP,Fröhlich D

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of rat portal veins to an N2-gassed buffer markedly increased 86Rb outflow. Moreover, glucose caused a pronounced reduction in 86Rb outflow from portal veins perfused with an N2-gassed buffer. Pinacidil, cromakalim and diazoxide provoked a sustained increase in 86Rb outflow. The stimulatory effect of pinacidi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Antoine MH,Herchuelz A,Lebrun P

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the susceptibility of two ages of rat pups to become tolerant to and dependent on morphine infusions from osmotic minipumps. Neonatal rats (postnatal day 6; P6) were infused for 72 h with morphine at 0.175 or 0.7 mg/kg/h. On P9, morphine's antinociceptive efficacy was reduced in both groups. P14 infant r...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Stoller DC,Thornton SR,Smith FL

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiotensin II (ANG II) is a potent vasoconstrictor in most vascular beds. We studied the role of cyclooxygenase products and/or endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in modulating the pressor response to ANG II in the isolated, blood perfused dog lung. ANG II was given as a bolus dose of 2, 4 and 8 micrograms be...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： el-Kashef HA,Ehrhart IC,Hofman WF

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In organ transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been implicated in delayed graft function (DGF) as well as in short- and long-term complications. Using an autotransplant pig kidney model, changes in renal function and morphology were determined after different periods of cold ischemia in kidneys preser...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Baumert H,Faure JP,Zhang K,Petit I,Goujon JM,Dutheil D,Favreau F,Barrière M,Tillement JP,Mauco G,Papadopoulos V,Hauet T

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Under the specific conditions reported for the separate tests delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) did not elicit a mutagenic response in microbial and eukaryotic in vitro test systems. THC treatment to histidine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 (susceptible to frame shift mutation) and TA 100 (suscepti...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Zimmerman AM,Stich H,San R

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the effects of beraprost sodium on the proliferation and oxidative stress of glomerular mesangial cells under high glucose conditions, a rat mesangial cell line (rat mesangial cells; RMCs) was treated with beraprost sodium in the presence of high glucose concentrations. Proliferation rates of mesangial ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Zhang LY,Zou JJ,Liu ZM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of sennosides on uterine motility were evaluated by electromyography in healthy adult ewes between day 70 and 120 of pregnancy to assess possible disturbances of the physiological pattern of contractility and eventual risks in pregnancy maintenance. At this stage of pregnancy, the ovine genital tract prese...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Garcia-Villar R

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a discrete-trial avoidance-escape schedule in rats the interactions of morphine (M), chlorpromazine (C) and Haloperidol (H) were studied. All three drugs given alone or in combination disrupted operant behavior. At low doses C and H potentiated each other's effect, while at high doses antagonism could be observe...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Tarnawa I,Székely JI

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of vinconate and pentobarbital against the alterations in spirodecanone binding in the gerbil striatum and hippocampus 5 h and 7 days after 10 min of cerebral ischemia, using receptor autoradiography. Vinconate and pentobarbital were given intraperitoneally 10 and 30 min prior to ischemic i...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Murakami F,Araki T,Kanai Y,Kato H,Fujiwara T,Kogure K

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms by which captopril inhibits vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the toad bladder have been investigated in vitro. Captopril has two possible mechanisms for the inhibitory action on the water flow, one is its stimulative effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) biosynthesis by inhibition of kininase II...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Marumo F,Nara Y

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory action exerted on receptors by acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker containing intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, has been investigated. beta-Adrenoceptor affinity and density of human mononuclear leukocytes were assayed in hypertensive patients before and after treatment with 400 mg/day acebutol...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Basso A,Piantanelli L,Cognini G,Giunta S,Andreoni A,Paciaroni E

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five healthy subjects performed submaximal physical exercise approximately 20 h after a single oral dose of phenytoin (5 mg/kg of the sodium salt). The plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA) increased 2- to 3-fold in the post-exercise period. In spite of this, the degree of plasma binding of phenytoin and its total c...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Borgå O,Juhlin-Dannfeldt A,Dahlqvist R

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cardioprotective effects of (2S,3R,4S)-N'-benzyl- N"-cyano-N-(3,4-dihydro-2-dimethoxymethyl-3-hydro- xy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2H-benzopyran-4-yl)-guanidine (KR-31372) were evaluated against ischemic/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts in vitro and in anesthetized rats and dogs in vivo. In isolated perfused rat he...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Lee BH,Seo HW,Yoo SE

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the novel antihypertensive agent, carvedilol, on renal hemodynamics and excretory function have been investigated and compared with the effects of labetalol in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sustained intravenous infusion of carvedilol or labetalol at a rate of 10 micrograms/kg/min resulted...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Gellai M,DeWolf R,Ruffolo RR Jr

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) after cyclooxygenase inhibition (COI) is well documented in the dog, but the site of vasoconstriction to chemically distinct cyclooxygenase inhibitors is largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to examine and compare equimolar concentrations of three che...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Endrédi J,el-Kashef HA,Hofman WF,Ehrhart IC

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the action of beta-adrenergic agonists on Japanese quail erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA) in vitro. Earlier we had reported that epinephrine increased CA activity by 14%; the present study focused on an attempt to increase the size of this response. Washed erythrocytes from reserpine-treated (1 mg/kg dai...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Igbo IN,Reigel CE Jr,Greene IM,Kenny AD

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of probenecid on the plasma protein binding of methotrexate (MTX) has been examined in vitro. At concentrations greater than or equal to 5 x 10(-4) M, probenecid caused a significant reduction (greater than 30%) in the plasma binding of MTX. It is suggested that in vivo this would lead to a greater dispersi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Paxton JW

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diabetogenic effects of alloxan (50 mg/kg i.v.) were recorded for 6 weeks in normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. While systolic blood pressure increased in diabetic WKY, SHR exhibited a reduction in systolic blood pressure over the 6-week period. Heart rate of treated SHR, but not WKY, wa...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Cavaliere TA,Taylor DG,Kerwin LJ,Antonaccio MJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined effects of intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered somatostatin (SRIH-14 and SRIH-28) on growth and function of pituitary somatotropes (GH cells) and lactotropes (PRL cells). Male rats received three i.c.v. injections (1 microgram/5 microliters) of SRIH-14 or SRIH-28 every second day. Blood...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Milosević V,Brkić B,Velkovski SD,Sekulić M,Lovren M,Starcević V,Severs WB

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Flaxseed contains alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), lignans, and dietary fiber, and its intake lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Here, we examined the effects of flaxseed powder, which includes all flaxseed components, flaxseed oil, composed mainly of ALA, flaxseed lignan, and flaxseed fiber, on...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Watanabe Y,Ohata K,Fukanoki A,Fujimoto N,Matsumoto M,Nessa N,Toba H,Kobara M,Nakata T

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of calcium ions (Ca2+) on the adenylyl cyclase activity in purified turkey erythrocyte membranes. Results showed the following: (i) Ca2+ inhibits cAMP accumulation stimulated by isoproterenol (1 micromol/l), NaF + AlCl3 (10 mmol/l + 20 micromol/l) or forskolin (10 micromol/l) in EGTA-washed...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Demirel E,Ugur O,Onaran HO

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intracerebroventricular injection of the cholecystokinin-A receptor antagonist L-364,718, at the doses of 0.5, 5, 10 or 20 micrograms/mouse, while having no effect on pain threshold (hot plate, 51 degrees C), antagonized the analgesic activity of morphine (10 mg/kg i.p.). This effect was obtained with a dose of 10...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Poggioli R,Vergoni AV,Sandrini M,Barbafiera L,Marrama D,Bertolini A

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00