Abstract：
:We describe the application of immunofluorescence microscopy to visualization of the subcellular localization of proteins involved in coat morphogenesis and chromosome packaging during the process of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. In confirmation and extension of previous findings, we show that SpolVA, which is responsible for guiding coat formation to the surface of the outer membrane that surrounds the developing spore, assembles into a shell that is located close to or on the surface of this enveloping membrane. CotE, which is responsible for the formation of the outer layer of the coat, assembles into a second shell of apparently larger diameter. Assembly of SpolVA could be detected as early as the morphological stage of polar septation and closely followed the enveloping membrane of the mother cell during the stage of engulfment, thereby providing a sensitive and diagnostic marker for this phagocytic-like process. Surprisingly, the chromosome of the developing spore and the small, acid-soluble proteins, known as alpha/beta-type SASPs, that are known to coat the spore chromosome, were found to co-localize to a doughnut-like ring of approximately 1 micrometer in diameter. The use of a double mutant lacking the alpha/beta-type SASP demonstrated that these high abundance, DNA-binding proteins are responsible for packaging the chromosome of the developing spore into this unusual structure. We conclude that sporulation in B. subtilis is a fertile system for addressing cell biological problems in a bacterium and that immunofluorescence microscopy provides a sensitive method for visualizing protein subcellular localization at high resolution.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Pogliano K,Harry E,Losick Rdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18030459.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-11-01 00:00:00pages
459-70issue
3eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:GPI-anchoring is a universal and critical post-translational protein modification in eukaryotes. In fungi, many cell wall proteins are GPI-anchored, and disruption of GPI-anchored proteins impairs cell wall integrity. After being synthesized and attached to target proteins, GPI anchors undergo modification on lipid mo...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12626
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Teichoic acids (TAs) are the most abundant glycopolymers in the cell wall of Listeria, an opportunistic Gram-positive pathogen that causes severe foodborne infections. Two different structural classes of Listeria TA exist: the polyribitolphosphate-based wall teichoic acid (WTA) that is covalently anchored to the pepti...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/mmi.14472
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Palindromic units (PU or REP) were defined as 40-nucleotide DNA sequences which are highly repeated in the genome of several members of the Enterobacteriaceae. They were shown to be a constituent of the bacterial interspersed mosaic element (BIME), in which they are associated with other repetitive sequences. We repor...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00995.x
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyadenylation is a universal post-transcriptional modification involved in degradation and quality control of bacterial RNAs. In Escherichia coli, it is admitted that any accessible RNA 3' end can be tagged by a poly(A) tail for decay. However, we do not have yet an overall view of the population of polyadenylated m...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07943.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The PII protein has been considered pivotal to the dual cascade regulating ammonia assimilation through glutamine synthetase activity. Here we show that PII, encoded by the glnB gene, is not always essential; for instance upon ammonia deprivation of a glnB deletion strain, glutamine synthetase can be deadenylylated as...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.6281349.x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of signal transduction in the repair of radiation-induced damage to DNA has been known in eukaryotes but remains understudied in bacteria. This article for the first time demonstrates a role for the periplasmic lipoprotein (YfgL) with protein kinase activity transducing a signal for DNA strand break re...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05779.x
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genes encoding cholera toxin, the principal virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae, are part of the circular single-stranded DNA genome of CTXphi. In toxigenic V. cholerae strains, the CTXphi genome is typically found in integrated arrays of tandemly arranged CTX prophages. Infected cells that lack a chromosomal inte...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02517.x
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of low pH on inducible gene expression in Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated by the use of differential display. Logarithmic phase cultures were exposed to pH 3.5 for various intervals, and RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed. The resultant cDNAs were subjected to PCR and the products were r...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01557.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In F. graminearum, the transcription factor TRI6 positively regulates the trichothecene biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) leading to the production of the secondary metabolite 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol. Secondary metabolites are not essential for survival, instead, they enable the pathogen to successfully infect its host...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.14575
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, survives in macrophages by altering the endocytic pathway of its host cell. To accomplish this, the bacterium utilizes a type IVB secretion system to deliver effector molecules into the host cell cytoplasm. In a previous report, we performed an exte...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08118.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Establishment of an axis of cell polarity and differentiation of the cell poles are fundamental aspects of cellular development in many organisms. We compared the effects of two bacterial cytoskeletal-like systems, the MreB and MinCDE systems, on these processes in Escherichia coli. We report that the Min proteins are...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04841.x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified a phosphate transporter (TcPho91) localized to the bladder of the contractile vacuole complex (CVC) of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. TcPho91 has 12 transmembrane domains, an N-terminal regulatory SPX (named after SYG1, Pho81 and XPR1) domain and an anion permease domain. ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13075
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical strains of Candida albicans are highly tolerant of aneuploidies and other genome rearrangements. We have used comparative genome hybridization (CGH), in an array format, to analyse the copy number of over 6000 open reading frames (ORFs) in the genomic DNA of C. albicans laboratory strains carrying one (CAI-4)...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04492.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae responds to environ-mental stimuli such as an exposure to pheromone or to hexoses after carbon source limitation with a transient elevation of cytosolic calcium (TECC) response. In this study, we examined whether hexose transport and phosphorylation are necessary for the TECC response. We foun...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02956.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deletions or substitutions of amino acids at the carboxyl-terminus of the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (EtxB) affect its assembly into pentamers in a temperature-dependent manner. At 42 degrees C, the mutations prevent the B subunits from achieving their final pentameric structure resulting in membrane associatio...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00935.x
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of the proximal half of the rfb region of Shigella flexneri has been determined, and the genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of dTDP-rhamnose have been identified. These genes show strong homology to the rfb genes encoding dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis in Salmonella enterica serova...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00308.x
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficiency of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are among our most useful chemotherapeutic weapons, is continuously challenged by the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. This is most often due to the production of beta-lactamases by the resistant cells. These enzymes inactivate the antibiotics by hydrolysing th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02404.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SsrA is a tmRNA involved in tagging polypeptides on stalled ribosomes. The resulting fusion proteins are then degraded. We purified endogenous SsrA-tagged proteins by means of a genetically engineered SsrA and identified some of them. Analysis of the proteins suggested that they are tagged at their C-terminal extremit...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03045.x
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteriophage D3 is capable of lysogenizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (serotype O5), converting the O-antigen from O5 to O16 and O-acetylating the N-acetylfucosamine moiety. To investigate the mechanism of lysogenic conversion, a 3.6 kb fragment from the D3 genome was isolated capable of mediating serotypic conversi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2001.02311.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transposon Tn 1546 confers resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in enterococci and encodes two D,D-peptidases (VanX and VanY) in addition to the enzymes for the synthesis of D-alanyl-D-lactate (D-Ala-D-Lac). VanY was produced in the baculovirus expression system and purified as a proteolytic fragment that lacked the...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01114.x
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work we present the localization and characterization of the repl promoter (Prepl) and show aspects of the regulation. Comparison of Prepl with other autoregulated replication protein gene promoters revealed similarities, but Prepl differs from some of these characterized promoters in not being regulated by th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01861.x
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle in which four distinct developmental forms alternate between the insect vector and the mammalian host. It is assumed that replicating epimastigotes present in the insect gut are not infective to mammalian host, a paradigm corroborated b...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13653
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now well established that the sigma S subunit of RNA polymerase is a master regulator in a complex regulatory network that governs the expression of many stationary-phase-inducible genes in Escherichia coli. In this review, more recent findings will be summarized that demonstrate that sigma S also acts as a glob...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.511405.x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied superoxide dismutases (SODs) in the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) variety gattii to analyse the role of mitochondrial MnSOD (SOD2) in fungal biology and virulence. SOD2 was cloned from a Cn cosmid library, sod2 mutant and sod2 + SOD2 reconstituted strains were constructed by homologous rec...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04503.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One often compares cells to computers, and signalling proteins to transistors. Location and wiring of those molecular transistors is paramount in defining the function of the subcellular chips. The bacterial chemotactic sensing apparatus is a large, stable assembly consisting of thousands of receptors, signal transduc...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06240.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intimin and Invasin are prototypical inverse (Type Ve) autotransporters and important virulence factors of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Yersinia spp. respectively. In addition to a C-terminal extracellular domain and a β-barrel transmembrane domain, both proteins also contain a short N-terminal periplasmic do...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12840
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mobile insertion sequence, IS6110, is an important marker in tracking of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Here, we demonstrate that IS6110 can upregulate downstream genes through an outward-directed promoter in its 3' end, thus adding to the significance of this element. Promoter activity was orientation depend...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04037.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a DNA sequence which has unusually high affinity for the DnaA protein of Escherichia coli between the glyV and amiB-mutL operons at 94.7 min on the genetic map. Affinity of DnaA protein for DNA was measured in vivo as the activity of beta-galactosidase produced from the lacZ gene on a plasmid fused to the 5'-...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.453983.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crown gall tumorigenesis by Agrobacterium tumefaciens requires the co-ordinate transcriptional induction of a set of pathogenesis genes. At least three classes of environmental stimuli act synergistically to induce these genes: (i) monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as acetosyringone, coniferyl alcohol, and vanilli...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02080.x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that some particular mutations in bacteriophage Mu repressor, the frameshift vir mutations, made the protein very sensitive to the Escherichia coli ATP-dependent Clp protease. This enzyme is formed by the association between a protease subunit (ClpP) and an ATPase subunit. ClpA, the best chara...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00387.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
