The contribution of maternal age to racial disparities in birthweight: a multilevel perspective.

abstract：:Quantitative risk assessment provides formalized scientific input to regulatory agencies that set occupational and environmental standards for potentially toxic exposures. Current practice relies heavily on statistical extrapolation from high-dose animal studies. Human data obviate the need for interspecies extrapolat...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hertz-Picciotto I

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We compared Black West Indian immigrants' and US-born Blacks' sexual and drug-use risk behaviors and their beliefs related to using condoms and informing partners of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to identify possible differences in risk. METHODS:We drew data from the baseline assessment of a clinic...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hoffman S,Beckford Jarrett ST,Kelvin EA,Wallace SA,Augenbraun M,Hogben M,Liddon N,McCormack WM,Rubin S,Wilson TE

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large portion of current epidemiologic research is based on methodologic individualism: the notion that the distribution of health and disease in populations can be explained exclusively in terms of the characteristics of individuals. The present paper discusses the need to include group- or macro-level variables in...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Diez-Roux AV

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The degree to which national expert panel survey ratings of the appropriateness of hysterectomy differed from those of a random sample of practicing community gynecologists was determined. Community gynecologists rated hysterectomy as more appropriate on six of eight cervical dysplasia scenarios. Experts agreed among ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Bickell NA,Earp J,Evans AT,Bernstein SJ

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Whether or not spermicides can reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains an important question for the control of heterosexual HIV transmission. The authors provide estimates from a reanalysis of one of the few observational studies on the efficacy of condoms and spermicides,...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Wittkowski KM,Susser E,Dietz K

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey on brand preference and cigarette advertising recall in 1,195 school children was conducted in Sydney, Australia. Four of the 130 available brands accounted for the cigarettes smoked by 78.7 per cent of smokers. Smokers were nearly twice as likely to correctly identify edited cigarette advertisements and slog...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Chapman S,Fitzgerald B

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether eating behaviors were concordant among diverse sets of social ties. METHODS:We analyzed the socioeconomic and demographic distribution of eating among 3418 members of the Framingham Heart Study observed from 1991 to 2001. We used a data-classification procedure to simplify choices in...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Pachucki MA,Jacques PF,Christakis NA

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We characterized smokers who are likely to use electronic or "e-"cigarettes to quit smoking. METHODS:We obtained cross-sectional data in 2010-2012 from 1567 adult daily smokers in Hawaii using a paper-and-pencil survey. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS:Of the participants, 13% rep...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Pokhrel P,Fagan P,Little MA,Kawamoto CT,Herzog TA

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objectives. To describe partnerships between US local health departments (LHDs) and community organizations and assess the relationship between the types of activities performed in these partnerships and LHD engagement in population-based activities to prevent mental health conditions.Methods. Data were derived from 4...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Nelson KL

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review of live births, spontaneous fetal deaths, and induced abortions in residents of Upstate New York ages 12--17 shows that pregnancy rates increased during the period 1971 through 1974. This increase was attributable to pregnancies ending in induced abortion while live births remained relatively stable. White te...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hansen H,Stroh G,Whitaker K

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We determined the number of state Medicaid programs adopting initiatives to support preventive dental services provision by nondental health care professionals, their perceived attributes, and implementation barriers. METHODS:We used Qualtrics to conduct a cross-sectional survey in 2008 of Medicaid dental p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Sams LD,Rozier RG,Wilder RS,Quinonez RB

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined the association between leisure time physical activity and cause-specific mortality among male Whitehall Study participants with chronic bronchitis. METHODS:Rate ratios were calculated for 4 mortality outcomes, according to level of activity and baseline bronchitis status, in a 25-year f...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Batty GD,Shipley MJ,Marmot MG,Smith GD

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined factors associated with completing, initiating, or intending to pursue voluntary national accreditation among local health departments (LHDs). METHODS:We examined National Association of County and City Health Officials 2010 and 2013 profile data in a pooled cross-sectional design with bivariate...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Yeager VA,Ferdinand AO,Beitsch LM,Menachemi N

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health is usually enacted through public policies, necessitating that the public engage in debates that, ideally, are grounded in solid scientific findings. Mistrust in science, however, has compromised the possibility of deriving sound policy from such debates, partially owing to justified concerns regarding u...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Camargo K Jr,Grant R

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective review was undertaken of the records of 725 children who attended the neurodevelopmental clinic at the Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Most children presented at an early age (less than 2-6 years). The etiological factors were prenatal, 4 per cent; perinatal, 41 per cent; postnatal, 21 pe...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rubin IL,Davis M

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electronic health records and electronic health information exchange are essential to improving quality of care, reducing medical errors and health disparities, and advancing the delivery of patient-centered medical care. In the US correctional setting, these goals are critical because of the high numbers of Americans...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Goldstein MM

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The HIV/AIDS epidemic has exacted a devastating toll upon Black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, and there is a tremendous need to escalate HIV-prevention efforts for this population. The social context in which Black MSM experience the impact of racism and heterosexism strongly affects their risk...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Peterson JL,Jones KT

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Understanding more about the psychological state of persons notified of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is critical for designing notification and counseling programs that will have the most positive effect. METHODS:The subjects were blood donors who had been notified of HIV infection by the Ne...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Cleary PD,Van Devanter N,Rogers TF,Singer E,Shipton-Levy R,Steilen M,Stuart A,Avorn J,Pindyck J

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "rediscovery" of poverty, as echoed in concepts of social inequality, has contributed to the goal of eliminating racial/ethnic and social class disparities in the United States. This commentary focuses on what we know about the pressing health care needs and issues relevant to Latino children and families and how ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Zambrana RE,Logie LA

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the impact of geographic residency status and census tract (CT)-level socioeconomic status (SES) on colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with CRC in Georgia for the years 2000 through 2007. Study outcomes were late-stage disease at...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hines R,Markossian T,Johnson A,Dong F,Bayakly R

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the effect of worldwide oil price fluctuations on household fuel use and child respiratory health in Guatemala. METHODS:We regressed measures of household fuel use and child respiratory health on the average worldwide oil price and a rich set of covariates. We leveraged variation in oil prices o...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Venkataramani AS,Fried BJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selected mental health and social characteristics of 51 homeless persons drawn as a probability sample from missions are compared to those of 1,338 men aged 18-64 years living in households from the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey conducted in Eastern Baltimore. Differences between the two groups were small w...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Fischer PJ,Shapiro S,Breakey WR,Anthony JC,Kramer M

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To avoid exploitation of host communities, many commentators argue that subjects must receive the best methods available worldwide. Others worry that this requirement may block important research intended to improve health care, especially in developing countries. To resolve this dilemma, we propose a framework for th...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Wendler D,Emanuel EJ,Lie RK

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the effect of patients' socioeconomic status on use of coronary angiography, bypass grafting, and angioplasty across health insurance categories. METHODS:Multiple logistic regression was used to compute the odds of receiving each procedure among 206 233 ischemic heart disease patients r...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Carlisle DM,Leake BD

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-eight states have laws that limit payments in malpractice cases, and several studies indicate that these laws reduce the frequency and severity of malpractice claims and lower premiums. Moreover, proponents believe that such laws reduce health care expenditures by reducing the practice of defensive medicine. Ho...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hellinger FJ,Encinosa WE

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entrenched poor health and health inequity are important public health problems. Conventionally, solutions to such problems originate from the health care sector, a conception reinforced by the dominant biomedical imagination of health. By contrast, attention to the social determinants of health has recently been give...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Baum FE,Bégin M,Houweling TA,Taylor S

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We compared faculty promotion rates by race/ethnicity across US academic medical centers. METHODS:We used the Association of American Medical College's 1983 through 2000 faculty roster data to estimate median institution-specific promotion rates for assistant professor to associate professor and for associa...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Nunez-Smith M,Ciarleglio MM,Sandoval-Schaefer T,Elumn J,Castillo-Page L,Peduzzi P,Bradley EH

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of 10,524 homeless veterans assessed in a 43-site VA program, 50 percent served during the Vietnam War era, compared to only 29 percent of all veterans in the general population. This reflects the greater risk of homelessness among men aged 30-44 rather than the impact of Vietnam Era service. The proportion of homeles...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rosenheck R,Gallup P,Leda CA

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Describing, evaluating, and conducting research on the questions raised by comparative effectiveness research and characterizing care delivery organizations of all kinds, from independent individual provider units to large integrated health systems, has become imperative. Recognizing this challenge, the Delivery Syste...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Piña IL,Cohen PD,Larson DB,Marion LN,Sills MR,Solberg LI,Zerzan J

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data System. The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is an ongoing state-based surveillance system of maternal behaviors, attitudes, and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. PRAMS is conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Reproductive Health in col...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shulman HB,D'Angelo DV,Harrison L,Smith RA,Warner L

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00