The protective effect of condoms and nonoxynol-9 against HIV infection.

abstract：:A 5-tier pyramid best describes the impact of different types of public health interventions and provides a framework to improve health. At the base of this pyramid, indicating interventions with the greatest potential impact, are efforts to address socioeconomic determinants of health. In ascending order are interven...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Frieden TR

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines the relative importance of various independent variables for predicting five separate measures of physician utilization in a rural community. The independent variables include socioeconomic, demographic, attitudinal, and health status factors. The results are comparable to those of national studies...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Luft HS,Hershey JC,Morrell J

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop a protocol for prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in Wisconsin prisons, we interviewed 619 male prisoners at incarceration to obtain information on hepatitis B risk factors. We defined previous infections by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Anda RF,Perlman SB,D'Alessio DJ,Davis JP,Dodson VN

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Childhood immunization constitutes one of the great success stories of American public health in the 20th century. This essay provides a historical examination of this topic through 4 particularly important examples: diphtheria, pertussis, polio, and measles. Each case study illustrates how new vaccines have posed uni...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Baker JP

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Manitoba, Canada, a representative cohort of elderly individuals ages 65 to 84 (n = 3,573) were interviewed in 1971 and the survivors of this cohort were reinterviewed in 1983. This analysis assesses the determinants of successful aging--whether or not an individual will live to an advanced age, continue to functio...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Roos NP,Havens B

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study characterized changes in sexual and reproductive behaviors from 1985 through 1995 among American females aged 15 to 19 years and related these changes to family factors. METHODS:Nationally representative sample survey data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth were analyzed with Weibull ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hogan DP,Sun R,Cornwell GT

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate a multicultural smoking prevention curriculum, 16 schools were randomized to receive the multicultural curriculum or a standard curriculum and program effects on 1-year smoking initiation among 1430 never smokers were assessed. Hispanic boys who received the multicultural curriculum were less likely to ini...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Unger JB,Chou CP,Palmer PH,Ritt-Olson A,Gallaher P,Cen S,Lichtman K,Azen S,Johnson CA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to test the efficacy of an intervention that was designed to promote social inclusion and commitment to education, in reducing among students health risk behaviors and improving emotional well-being. METHODS:The design was a cluster-randomized trial in 25 secondary schools in Victoria, Australia. ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Patton GC,Bond L,Carlin JB,Thomas L,Butler H,Glover S,Catalano R,Bowes G

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to provide estimates of disability prevalence for states and metropolitan areas in the United States. METHODS:We analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2001 for all 50 states and the District of Columbia and 103 metropolitan areas. We performed stratified analyses by demogra...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Okoro CA,Balluz LS,Campbell VA,Holt JB,Mokdad AH

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the risk of hip fracture in Mexican Americans, the ethnicity of 80 women aged 50 years and over admitted with hip fractures to a Texas hospital was compared with that of age-matched women hospitalized for other reasons. The risk of fracture for Mexican Americans was only 35 per cent that of Whites (95% CI = ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Bauer RL,Diehl AK,Barton SA,Brender J,Deyo RA

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated a nurse-managed smoking cessation program for smokers hospitalized for a variety of conditions. METHODS:Hospitalized patients who smoked prior to hospitalization and who were motivated to quit (n = 660) were randomized to intervention or usual-care groups and followed for the next year....

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Taylor CB,Miller NH,Herman S,Smith PM,Sobel D,Fisher L,DeBusk RF

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the effect of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on psychomotor development of preschool-age children in a longitudinal study. METHODS:Pregnant women were interviewed about their alcohol consumption at their first visit to the maternity hospital in Roubaix, France. Alcohol consumptio...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Larroque B,Kaminski M,Dehaene P,Subtil D,Delfosse MJ,Querleu D

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between neighborhood convenience stores and diet outcomes for 20 years of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. METHODS:We used dietary data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study years 1985-1986, 1992-1993, and 2005-2006 (n = 3299; ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rummo PE,Meyer KA,Boone-Heinonen J,Jacobs DR Jr,Kiefe CI,Lewis CE,Steffen LM,Gordon-Larsen P

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social, political, and economic disruptions caused by natural and human-caused public health emergencies have catalyzed public health efforts to expand the scope of biosurveillance and increase the timeliness, quality, and comprehensiveness of disease detection, alerting, response, and prediction. Unfortunately, effor...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Khan AS,Fleischauer A,Casani J,Groseclose SL

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study analyzed associations between income eligibility criteria under the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) and state characteristics. METHODS:We used multivariate methods to explore relations between eligibility expansions under SCHIP and percentages of uninsured children from low-inco...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Ullman F,Hill I

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This article describes the implementation and impact of the first statewide condom social marketing intervention in the United States. METHODS:A statewide social marketing program made condoms freely available in 93 public health clinics, 39 community mental health centers, 29 substance abuse treatment site...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Cohen DA,Farley TA,Bedimo-Etame JR,Scribner R,Ward W,Kendall C,Rice J

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined trends in health insurance coverage for health care workers and their children between 1988 and 1998. METHODS:We analyzed data from the annual March supplements of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a Census Bureau survey that collects information about health insurance from a national...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Case BG,Himmelstein DU,Woolhandler S

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To describe the association between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States during the period 2002 to 2010, when overall ASD prevalence among children more than doubled, and to determine whether SES disparities account for ongoing rac...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Durkin MS,Maenner MJ,Baio J,Christensen D,Daniels J,Fitzgerald R,Imm P,Lee LC,Schieve LA,Van Naarden Braun K,Wingate MS,Yeargin-Allsopp M

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed a theoretical framework to organize obesity prevention interventions by their likely impact on the socioeconomic gradient of weight. The degree to which an intervention involves individual agency versus structural change influences socioeconomic inequalities in weight. Agentic interventions, such as stand...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Backholer K,Beauchamp A,Ball K,Turrell G,Martin J,Woods J,Peeters A

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This article describes a unifying conceptual framework for the public health system as a way to facilitate the measurement of public health system performance. METHODS:A conceptual framework for the public health system was developed on the basis of the work of Donabedian and a conceptual model previously d...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Handler A,Issel M,Turnock B

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Lewis MA,Kane RL,Cretin S,Clark V

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nutritional status of three and four year old children, as measured by height and head circumference, is related to cognitive performance in four rural Guatemalan villages. The relationships persist when social factors are taken into account. Families in two of the villages participate in a voluntary, high protein...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Freeman HE,Klein RE,Kagan J,Yarbrough C

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We assessed differences in HIV prevalence and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) between 1997 and 2002 in San Francisco. METHODS:We used 2 population-based random-digit-dial telephone surveys of MSM households in San Francisco in 1997 (n=915) and 2002 (n=879). RESULTS:Estimated HIV ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Osmond DH,Pollack LM,Paul JP,Catania JA

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Boardman JD

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suicide is a public health problem disproportionately associated with some demographic characteristics (e.g., sexual orientation, veteran status). Analyses of the Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data revealed that more lesbian, gay, and bisexual (i.e., sexual minority) veterans reported suicid...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Blosnich JR,Bossarte RM,Silenzio VM

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From mid-June through early August 1980, an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in Red Lodge, Montana affected approximately 780 persons, as estimated from attack rates of 33 per cent and 15 per cent in urban and rural residents, respectively. Giardia lamblia was identified in stool specimens from 51 per cent of 47 p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Weniger BG,Blaser MJ,Gedrose J,Lippy EC,Juranek DD

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objectives. To investigate differences in funding and service delivery between rural and urban local health departments (LHDs) in the United States.Methods. In this repeated cross-sectional study, we examined rural-urban differences in funding and service provision among LHDs over time using 2010 and 2016 National Ass...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Beatty K,Heffernan M,Hale N,Meit M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2010, the Brooklyn Active Transportation Community Planning Initiative launched in 2 New York City neighborhoods. Over a 2-year planning period, residents participated in surveys, school and community forums, neighborhood street assessments, and activation events-activities that highlighted the need for safer stree...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： DeGregory ST,Chaudhury N,Kennedy P,Noyes P,Maybank A

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-eight states have laws that limit payments in malpractice cases, and several studies indicate that these laws reduce the frequency and severity of malpractice claims and lower premiums. Moreover, proponents believe that such laws reduce health care expenditures by reducing the practice of defensive medicine. Ho...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hellinger FJ,Encinosa WE

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:After conducting a media campaign focusing on the importance of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) examinations, we assessed mechanisms of behavior change among individuals receiving an OPC examination for the first time. METHODS:We used data from 2 waves of telephone surveys of individuals residing in 36 rur...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Logan HL,Guo Y,Emanuel AS,Shepperd JA,Dodd VJ,Marks JG,Muller KE,Riley JL 3rd

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00