Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:To describe the association between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States during the period 2002 to 2010, when overall ASD prevalence among children more than doubled, and to determine whether SES disparities account for ongoing racial and ethnic disparities in ASD prevalence. METHODS:We computed ASD prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from population-based surveillance, census, and survey data. We defined SES categories by using area-level education, income, and poverty indicators. We ascertained ASD in 13 396 of 1 308 641 8-year-old children under surveillance. RESULTS:The prevalence of ASD increased with increasing SES during each surveillance year among White, Black, and Hispanic children. The prevalence difference between high- and low-SES groups was relatively constant over time (3.9/1000 [95% CI = 3.3, 4.5] in 2002 and 4.1/1000 [95% CI = 3.6, 4.6] in the period 2006-2010). Significant racial/ethnic differences in ASD prevalence remained after stratification by SES. CONCLUSIONS:A positive SES gradient in ASD prevalence according to US surveillance data prevailed between 2002 and 2010, and racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence persisted during this time among low-SES children.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Durkin MS,Maenner MJ,Baio J,Christensen D,Daniels J,Fitzgerald R,Imm P,Lee LC,Schieve LA,Van Naarden Braun K,Wingate MS,Yeargin-Allsopp Mdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2017.304032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-01 00:00:00pages
1818-1826issue
11eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract::With this article, we develop the Drinking Water Disparities Framework to explain environmental injustice in the context of drinking water in the United States. The framework builds on the social epidemiology and environmental justice literatures, and is populated with 5 years of field data (2005-2010) from California...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301664
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The history of consumer protection against household poisons presents a key case study of the uniquely American struggle to balance public health and safety with the interests of business. By the late 19th century, package designs, warning labels, and state statutes had formed an uneven patchwork of protective mechani...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301066
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical consequences of HCV infection are increasing because the population with the highest prevalence of the infection, persons born between 1945 and 1965, is aging. As a result, health care expenditures are expected to increase. Now that a cure for HCV infection is the norm, a public health approach is necessa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303718
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined correlates of condomless anal intercourse with nonmain sexual partners among African American men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS:We recruited social networks composed of 445 Black MSM from 2012 to 2014 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Cleveland, Ohio; and Miami Beach, Florida. Participants reporte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302945
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationships of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with body composition, leisure-time physical activity, cigarette smoking, and education were examined in a community-based sample of 480 Black and 1337 White women. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated inverse associations of HDL with body mass ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.1.98
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the correlates of clinical gallbladder disease among US adults and whether serum ascorbic acid levels are associated with a decreased prevalence of gallbladder disease. METHODS:Cross-sectional analyses of data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were conducte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.8.1208
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing knowledge is an important goal of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategies, although increased knowledge may not be associated with increased preventive behaviors. This study examines the association of (1) objective and subjective acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge, and (2)...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.10.1460
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To document the collective effort of diaper banks in the United States and to estimate the percentage of low-income children whose diaper need is met through these efforts.Methods. For each state, we compared the number of children younger than 4 years in families living at or below 200% of the federal pov...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305377
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used an agent-based model to examine the impact of the walking school bus (WSB) on children's active travel to school. We identified a synergistic effect of the WSB with other intervention components such as an educational campaign designed to improve attitudes toward active travel to school. Results suggest that t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301896
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We conducted a midpoint review of The California Endowment's Healthy Eating, Active Communities (HEAC) program, which works in 6 low-income California communities to prevent childhood obesity by changing children's environments. The HEAC program conducts interventions in 5 key childhood environments: schools...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.192781
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information regarding all patient and staff exposures to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was prospectively accumulated from 1/1/86 to 12/31/86 at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. During this period of time 37 sources of exposure to VZV were reported: 10 outside and 27 within the hospital. Index cases for nosocomial expo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.1.19
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We performed a case-control study to determine if participants with herpes zoster had fewer contacts with persons with varicella or zoster, and with young children, to explore the hypothesis that exposure to persons with varicella zoster virus (VZV) results in "immune boosting." METHODS:Participants were pa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.160002
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to describe the characteristics and sleep circumstances of infants who die suddenly and unexpectedly and to examine similarities and differences in risk factors among infants whose deaths are classified as resulting from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), suffocation, or undetermined causes. MET...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300613
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the association between aerobic fitness and serum cholesterol and the effects of controlling for gender, body composition, abdominal fat, and dietary saturated fat in 262 children. The 1-mile run was used to estimate fitness. Skinfolds were used in assessing body fat. Fit children had lower total c...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.12.1702
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Overall and cause-specific mortality among persons with diabetes in North Dakota was estimated and compared with estimates from previous population-based studies. METHODS:Data were derived from North Dakota death certificate data, which included unique information on decedents' diabetes status and Behaviora...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.1.84
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the all-cause mortality experience, following a fracture of the hip, of 712,027 persons covered by the Medicare program from 1984 through 1987. White women experienced the lowest mortality rate (17.2 per 1000 person-months), followed by Black women (22.9 per 1000 person-months), Black men (33.5 pe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.8.1147
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the cessation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among British women, by educational level, social class, and cardiovascular risk factors, at the time of publicity about 2 clinical trials of HRT that were halted after adverse findings. METHODS:A total of 1387 women aged 57 years reported their...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.071332
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health lists 6 areas of disparity in minority health services: infant mortality, cancer, cardiovascular disease, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and immunizations. This study compiles existing Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) health data to establish a baseline....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.12.2093
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scientific literature from January 1970 to June 1979 was reviewed for articles reporting outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated by paramedic programs. Only articles appearing in refereed professional journals and reporting 25 or more attempted resuscitations were included. A total of 21 articles from...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.3.236
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether state-sponsored antitobacco advertisements are associated with reduced adult smoking, and interactions between smoking-related advertising types. METHODS:We measured mean exposure to smoking-related advertisements with television ratings for the top-75 US media markets from 1999 to 2...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300443
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether school or nonschool environments contribute more to childhood overweight, we compared children's gains in body mass index (BMI) when school is in session (during the kindergarten and first-grade school years) with their gains in BMI when school is out (during summer vacation). METHODS:T...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.080754
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community coalition to prevent severe injuries to children in Central Harlem, New York, NY. It was hypothesized that injury incidence rates would decline during the intervention (1989 through 1991) relative to preintervention years (1983 through 1988); that the dec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.4.580
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to investigate numerous reports emanating from Punta Arenas, Chile (population 110,000, latitude 53 degrees S), that associated acute ocular and dermatologic disease in humans and animals with excess ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure in the setting of the thinning of the ozone column. METHODS:...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.4.546
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:After conducting a media campaign focusing on the importance of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) examinations, we assessed mechanisms of behavior change among individuals receiving an OPC examination for the first time. METHODS:We used data from 2 waves of telephone surveys of individuals residing in 36 rur...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302516
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the number and cost of syphilis-attributable HIV cases among African Americans. METHODS:A mathematical model of HIV transmission was used to estimate the number of partnerships consisting of HIV-discordant African Americans in which infectious syphilis was present and the number of new HIV case...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.6.943
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The study examined the unique and combined contributions of race/ethnicity, income, and family structure to adolescent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, involvement with violence, suicidal thoughts or attempts, and sexual intercourse. METHODS:Analyses were based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescen...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.12.1879
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether the traditional definition of small for gestational age (SGA) is an appropriate marker of risk for populations that have relatively lower birthweight is unclear. We determined proportions of White and Asian Indian SGA infants and those admitted to the special care nursery. Compared with White infants, Asian In...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165001
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated whether the decline of the racial disparity in preterm birth during the last decade was commensurate with a decline in the contribution of preterm birth to the infant mortality gap. METHODS:We used linked files of 1990 and 2000 data on US infant births and deaths to partition the gap between Bl...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.093708
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We studied whether park size, number of features in the park, and distance to a park from participants' homes were related to a park being used for physical activity. METHODS:We collected observational data on 28 specific features from 33 parks. Adult residents in surrounding areas (n=380) completed 7-day p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.129064
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To support efforts to improve urban population health, we created a City Health Dashboard with area-specific data on health status, determinants of health, and equity at city and subcity (census tract) levels. METHODS:We developed a Web-based resource that includes 37 metrics across 5 domains: social and ec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304903
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00