Abstract:
:Public health is usually enacted through public policies, necessitating that the public engage in debates that, ideally, are grounded in solid scientific findings. Mistrust in science, however, has compromised the possibility of deriving sound policy from such debates, partially owing to justified concerns regarding undue interference and even outright manipulation by commercial interests. This situation has generated problematic impasses, one of which is the emergence of an anti-vaccination movement that is already affecting public health, with a resurgence in the United States of preventable diseases thought to have been eradicated. Drawing on British sociologist Harry Collins' work on expertise, we propose a theoretical framework in which the paralyzing, undue public distrust of science can be analyzed and, it is hoped, overcome.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Camargo K Jr,Grant Rdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2014.302241subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
232-5issue
2eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined US health educators' likelihood of adopting genomic competencies--specific skills and knowledge in public health genomics--into health promotion and the factors influencing such likelihood. METHODS:We developed and tested a model to assess likelihood to adopt genomic competencies. Data from 1607...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.122663
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess potential reductions in premature mortality that could have been achieved in 2008 to 2012 if the minimum wage had been $15 per hour in New York City. METHODS:Using the 2008 to 2012 American Community Survey, we performed simulations to assess how the proportion of low-income residents in each neig...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303188
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1978, 345 persons were killed in the United States in jumps and falls from non-crashing motor vehicles: 64 per cent fell; 15 per cent jumped; and it was not known whether the other 21 per cent jumped or fell. Two hundred and one people had been traveling on the exterior of vehicles, especially truck beds, and almos...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.3.275
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The National AIDS Behavioral Survey (1990-1992) of heterosexual adults (18-49 years) measured human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk factors, condom use, and HIV antibody testing, with a focus on major "high-risk" cities. METHODS:A longitudinal survey was conducted. RESULTS:There was little reduction in t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.11.1492
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed whether geographic information available at the time of asthma admission predicts time to reutilization (readmission or emergency department revisit). METHODS:For a prospective cohort of children hospitalized with asthma in 2008 and 2009 in Cincinnati, Ohio, we constructed a geographic social ri...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300806
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effectiveness of the Community Relapse Prevention and Maintenance (CRPM) program, developed by Correctional Service Canada to better meet the needs of women offenders with drug problems. METHODS:Using survival analysis, we investigated the association between exposure and nonexposure to CRP...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300094
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We describe behavioral health diagnoses and community release patterns among adult male and female inmates in New Jersey prisons and assess their implications for correctional health care and community reentry. METHODS:We used clinical and classification data on a census of "special needs" inmates (those wi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.059733
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated a nurse-managed smoking cessation program for smokers hospitalized for a variety of conditions. METHODS:Hospitalized patients who smoked prior to hospitalization and who were motivated to quit (n = 660) were randomized to intervention or usual-care groups and followed for the next year....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.11.1557
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iodine-131 was found to dominate the gamma spectra of dried sludge and concentration liquid effluent samples from a sewage treatment plant serving the area containing the Texas Medical Center in 1975. The concentration of Iodine-131 varied considerably on a time scale of weeks but was fairly stable in the course of a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.1.47
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Proposed increases in corporate average fuel economy standards would probably lead to lighter cars. Well-established relationships between occupant risk and car mass predict consequent additional casualties. However, if size, not mass, is the causative factor in these relationships, then decreasing car mass ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.8.1105
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the 1915 launch of the first international eradication initiative targeting a human pathogen, much has been learned about the determinants of eradicability of an organism. The authors outline the first 4 eradication efforts, summarizing the lessons learned in terms of the 3 types of criteria for disease eradicat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.10.1515
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between 4 low-risk behaviors-never smoked, healthy diet, adequate physical activity, and moderate alcohol consumption-and mortality in a representative sample of people in the United States. METHODS:We used data from 16958 participants aged 17 years and older in the National Hea...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300167
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of a mailed, tailored intervention on skin cancer prevention and skin self-examination behaviors of adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer. METHODS:Adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer were recruited in primary health care settings in Honolulu, HI, and Long Isla...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.155705
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined initiation patterns among different birth cohorts of people who used prescription opioids and heroin because of historical differences in drug use availability. We examined data from a community-based study of persons who inject drugs (n = 483) in California and a general population survey from the Nationa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302972
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A longitudinal survey assessed the distribution of adult body weight among the Chinese population. METHODS:Data from the 1989 and 1991 China Health and Nutrition Survey were used to study changes in the proportions of adults aged 20-45 years who were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.5.690
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The geographic distribution of newborn human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence at zip code level was compared with the distribution of four sociodemographic variables. For New York City significant univariate correlations were found between HIV and low birthweight, drug use (as measured by hospital discharges), ma...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.suppl.25
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent theoretical studies suggest that the earth's ozone layer which filters ultraviolet radiation may be depleted by a fleet of supersonic transports or by continued use of chlorofluoromethanes. It is now generally accepted that short wavelength ultraviolet radiation leads to the development of skin cancer. In this ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.66.5.461
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::From July 1987 to June 1988, 1030 pregnant women with hepatitis B were reported to a New York City surveillance program. Among 832 infants under follow-up, the coverage rates for combined hepatitis B immune globulin and vaccine doses 1, 2, and 3 were 84%, 77%, and 59%, respectively. Infants covered by Medicaid and uni...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.6.885
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study described factors related to colorectal cancer stage at diagnosis. METHODS:Logistic regression analyses were used on data from the New York State Tumor Registry and US Census area-level social class indicators. RESULTS:After the effects of other predictors were controlled for, the odds of late-s...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.12.1794
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the public health literature, it is generally assumed that the perception of "targeting" as positive or negative by the targeted audience depends on the product or message being promoted. Smoking prevalence rates are high among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals, but little is known about ho...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.118174
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently in Russia, abortion rights have been attacked. For decades, Russian women could have an elective abortion up to week 12 of pregnancy; between 12 and 22 weeks, medical or social grounds were required for an abortion. In mid 2011, a group of Parliamentarians teamed up with Russian Orthodox Church activists and ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301329
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To measure test-retest reliability, 38 Veterans Administration clinic patients completed a modification of the Sarason Life Experience Survey (LES) twice within several weeks. Summary scores were found to be more reliable than scores on individual questions. Patients attending the Mental Hygiene Clinic responded less ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.7.723
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We explored an innovative strategy for targeted testing and disease management among immigrant communities at risk for tuberculosis. METHODS:Taxi drivers were recruited at an airport holding lot to undergo tuberculin skin testing (Mantoux). After receiving their test results in a location convenient for the...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.019620
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the association between telomere length and prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) in 104 children aged 4 to 14 years. Salivary telomere length (STL) was determined from salivary DNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Of the children, 18% had maternal reported PTE. Mean STL was significantly lower amon...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301208
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined associations among 3 dimensions of sexual orientation (identity, behavior, and attraction) and key health-related indicators commonly studied among sexual minority populations: depressive symptoms, perceived stress, smoking, binge drinking, and victimization. METHODS:We analyzed data from the Na...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300262
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::While Job Corps Centers vary in size, location, and administrative structure, they are subject to uniform requirements for health services, established by federal regulation and must make individual decisions about whether to furnish dental care on-site or by some alternative arrangement in the community. Analysis of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.12.1294
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The logistic regression model is being used with increasing frequency in all areas of public health research. In the calendar year 1989, over 30% of the articles published in the American Journal of Public Health employed some form of logistic regression modeling. In spite of this increase, there has been no...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.12.1630
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the lifetime prevalence of official investigations for child maltreatment among children in the United States. METHODS:We used the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System Child Files (2003-2014) and Census data to develop synthetic cohort life tables to estimate the cumulative prevalence of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303545
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information regarding all patient and staff exposures to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was prospectively accumulated from 1/1/86 to 12/31/86 at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. During this period of time 37 sources of exposure to VZV were reported: 10 outside and 27 within the hospital. Index cases for nosocomial expo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.1.19
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We reviewed literature on comparative social policy and life course research and compared associations between health and socioeconomic circumstances during an 11-year period in the United States and the United Kingdom. METHODS:We obtained data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the British Hous...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.092320
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00