Abstract:
:The protein kinase C (PKC) pathway has been considered to be essential for activation of latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) into the lytic cycle. The phorbol ester tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), a PKC agonist, is one of the best understood activators of EBV lytic replication. Zp, the promoter of the EBV immediate-early gene BZLF1, whose product, ZEBRA, drives the lytic cycle, contains several phorbol ester response elements. We investigated the role of the PKC pathway in lytic cycle activation in prototype cell lines that differed dramatically in their response to inducing agents. We determined whether PKC was involved in lytic cycle induction by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Consistent with prevailing views, B95-8 cells were activated into the lytic cycle by the phorbol ester TPA, via a PKC-dependent mechanism. B95-8 was not inducible by HDAC inhibitors such as n-butyrate and trichostatin A (TSA). Bisindolylmaleimide I, a selective PKC inhibitor, blocked lytic cycle activation in B95-8 cells in response to TPA. In marked contrast, in HH514-16 cells, the immediate-early promoters Zp and Rp were simultaneously activated by the HDAC inhibitors; TPA by itself failed to activate lytic gene expression. Inhibition of PKC activity by bisindolylmaleimide I did not block lytic cycle activation in HH514-16 cells by n-butyrate or TSA. In an extensive exploration of the mechanism underlying these different responses we found that the variable role of the PKC pathway in the two cell lines could not be accounted for by significant polymorphisms in the promoters of the immediate-early genes, by differences in the start sites of immediate-early gene transcription, or by differences in the nucleosomal organization of EBV DNA in the region of Zp or Rp. While B95-8 cells contained more total PKC activity than did HH514-16 cells in an in vitro assay, another EBV-transformed marmoset lymphoblastoid cell line, FF41, in which the lytic cycle was not inducible by TPA, contained comparably high levels of PKC activity. Moreover, two marmoset lymphoblastoid cells lines in which the lytic cycle could not be triggered by TPA maintained the same profile of EBV latency proteins as B95-8 cells. Thus, the profile of EBV latency proteins did not account for susceptibility to induction by PKC agonists. PKC activation is neither obligatory nor sufficient for the switch between latency and lytic cycle gene expression of EBV in many cell backgrounds. Lytic cycle induction by HDAC inhibitors proceeds by a PKC-independent mechanism.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Gradoville L,Kwa D,El-Guindy A,Miller Gdoi
10.1128/jvi.76.11.5612-5626.2002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-01 00:00:00pages
5612-26issue
11eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Bats are the second largest group of mammals on earth and act as reservoirs of many emerging viruses. In this study, a novel bat adenovirus (AdV) (BtAdV-TJM) was isolated from bat fecal samples by using a bat primary kidney cell line. Infection studies indicated that most animal and human cell lines are susceptible to...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02497-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the ability of human coronaviruses to infect primary cultures of human neural cells. Double immunofluorescence with antibodies to virus and cell markers showed infection of fetal astrocytes and of adult microglia and astrocytes by strain OC43. RNA amplification revealed infection of fetal astrocytes, adul...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.1.800-806.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the effect of Xenopus laevis p53 (Xp53) on transcription from a variety of promoters which are regulated by mouse p53 using a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter system. Although Xp53 transactivated promoters that are up-regulated by mouse p53, it was unable to cause repression. This abilit...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.7178-7187.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flock house virus is a small insect virus with a bipartite RNA genome consisting of RNA1 and RNA2. RNA3 is a subgenomic element encoded by RNA1, the genomic segment required for viral RNA synthesis (T. M. Gallagher, P. D. Friesen, and R. R. Rueckert, J. Virol. 46:481-489, 1983). Synthesis of RNA3 is strongly inhibited...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.5.2716-2722.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::By marker rescue of bacteriophage SP02 sus mutants with purified bacteriophage SP02 DNA fragments, 11 of the 17 known bacteriophage SP02 sus loci were assigned to discrete DNA fragments. The left-most genetic locus, susA, was found to reside near one bacteriophage SP02 terminus (EcoRI-C1 fragment), whereas the right-m...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.1.131-134.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro analysis of the catalytic DNA polymerase encoded by vaccinia virus has demonstrated that it is innately distributive, catalyzing the addition of <10 nucleotides per primer-template binding event in the presence of 8 mM MgCl(2) or 40 mM NaCl (W. F. McDonald and P. Traktman, J. Biol. Chem. 269:31190-31197, 1994...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.24.12298-12307.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the prerequisites for cleavage activation of the hemagglutinin of human influenza viruses, a cDNA clone obtained from strain A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (serotype H3) was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in CV-1 cells by using a simian virus 40 vector. The number of basic residues at the cleava...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.7.3530-3537.1991
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cowpox virus, in contrast to vaccinia virus, can multiply in Chinese hamster ovary cells. To study the genetic basis for this difference in host range, recombinants between vaccinia and cowpox viruses were isolated and their DNA restriction patterns were examined. The ability to multiply in Chinese hamster ovary cells...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.4.1297-1304.1988
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro translation of the three single-stranded RNAs transcribed in vitro by bacteriophage phi 6 RNA polymerase revealed that the large RNA codes for phage proteins P1, P2, P4, and P7, the medium RNA codes for P3, P6, and P10, and the smaller RNA for P5, P8, and P9. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.35.1.249-251.1980
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simian virus 40 (SV40) growth on rhesus kidney cells and on the T-22 line of SV40-transformed green monkey kidney (GMK) cells is largely limited by the low plating efficiency of SV40 on these cells. In addition, a fraction of the rhesus kidney and T-22 cells are resistant to infection by SV40. Nevertheless, 72-h viral...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.18.1.48-57.1976
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The matrix (M1) protein of influenza virus is a major structural component, involved in regulation of viral ribonucleoprotein transport into and out of the nucleus. Early in infection, M1 is distributed in the nucleus, whereas later, it is localized predominantly in the cytoplasm. Using immunofluorescence microscopy a...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.1.439-445.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:To investigate the molecular mechanism(s) by which herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) regulatory protein ICP0 promotes viral gene expression and replication, we screened cells overexpressing ICP0 for ICP0-binding host cell proteins. Tandem affinity purification of transiently expressed ICP0 coupled with mass spe...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03043-15
更新日期:2016-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Proteomic identification of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6-interacting proteins revealed several proteins involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. In addition to the well-characterized E6AP ubiquitin-protein ligase, a second HECT domain protein (HERC2) and a deubiquitylating enzyme (USP15) were identified ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00605-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter regulates the transcription of two related RNA products named precore RNA and core RNA. Previous studies indicate that a double-nucleotide mutation that occurs frequently during chronic HBV infection converts a nuclear receptor binding site in the core promoter to the binding ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.12.5875-5881.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular immune response contributes to viral clearance as well as to liver injury in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. An immunodominant determinant frequently recognized by liver-infiltrating and circulating CD8(+) T cells of HCV-infected patients is the HCV(NS3-1073) peptide CVNGVCWTV. Using ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.23.11392-11400.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that a mutant Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) with an alternate polypurine tract (PPT), DuckHepBFlipPPT, had unexpectedly high titers and that the PPT was miscleaved primarily at one position following a GA dinucleotide by the RNase H of reverse transcriptase (RT). This miscleavage resulted in a portio...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00499-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adeno-associated virus (AAV) codes for four related nonstructural Rep proteins. AAV both replicates and assembles in the nucleus and requires coinfection with a helper virus, either adenovirus (Ad) or herpesvirus, for a productive infection. Like other more complex DNA viruses, it is believed that AAV interacts or mod...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01939-08
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We searched The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for viruses by comparing non-human reads present in transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) and whole-exome sequencing (WXS) data to viral sequence databases. Human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18) is an etiologic agent of cervical cancer, and as expected, we found rob...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03365-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase class III beta (PI4KIIIβ) has been shown to be required for the replication of multiple picornaviruses; however, it is unclear whether a physical association between PI4KIIIβ and the viral replication machinery exists and, if it does, whether association is necessary. We e...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.06778-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structural proteins of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus, Indiana serotype, were compared with those of wild-type and revertant virions by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels of partial digests with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. Mutants of complementation groups III (tsG31 and ts...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.37.1.248-255.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed capsomeres of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) consisting of the L1 major structural protein for their ability to trigger a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response. To this end, we immunized C57BL/6 mice and used the L1(165-173) peptide for ex vivo restimulation of splenocytes prior to analysis ((51)Cr release...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.8.4635-4645.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cas-Br-E murine leukemia virus is a nondefective retrovirus that induces non-T-, non-B-cell lymphomas in susceptible NIH/Swiss mice. By using a DNA probe derived from Cas-Br-E provirus-flanking sequences, we identified a DNA region, originally called Sic-1, rearranged in 16 of 24 tumors analyzed (67%). All proviru...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.1.7-15.1991
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.2.365-371.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibody-resistant mutants have been widely used to estimate virus mutation frequencies. We demonstrate that standard virion neutralization inevitably underestimates monoclonal antibody-resistant mutant genome frequencies of vesicular stomatitis virus, due to phenotypic masking-mixing when wild-type (wt) vi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.12.5030-5036.1989
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lack of a mouse model has hampered an understanding of the pathogenesis and immunity of Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), the disease caused by marburgvirus (MARV), and has created a bottleneck in the development of antiviral therapeutics. Primary isolates of the filoviruses, i.e., ebolavirus (EBOV) and MARV, are n...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00126-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the attachment and penetration phenotypes of several glycoprotein gIII mutants of pseudorabies virus (PRV) and have identified the first one-third of gIII as a region that mediates efficient virus attachment to PK15 and Vero cells. This portion of gIII, amino acids 25 through 157 of the wild-type sequ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.5.2646-2654.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrovirus endogenous to guinea pig cells was earlier shown to be morphologically similar to type B and type D prototype retroviruses. Molecular hybridization techniques were used to show that guinea pig virus nucleotide sequences are endogenous to both domestic (Cavia porcellus) and indigenous (Cavia aperea) guinea...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.33.1.522-530.1980
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The family of giant viruses is still expanding, and evidence of a translational machinery is emerging in the virosphere. The Klosneuvirinae group of giant viruses was first reconstructed from in silico studies, and then a unique member was isolated, Bodo saltans virus. Here we describe the isolation of a new member in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01534-19
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection determines the outcome of infection. Here we show that this response in BALB/c mice (H-2d), when analyzed both at the primary CTL level and using CTL clones, is predominantly monospecific. The vast majority of CTL have a common s...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.10.4303-4310.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7) is implicated in the regulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency. EBV transforms primary B cells, and the major EBV oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), is required for the process. LMP-1 both induces the expression of IRF-7 and activates the IRF-7 protein by phosph...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.23.12987-12995.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00