Abstract:
PURPOSE:This study estimates the prevalence of common visual disorders (amblyopia, strabismus, refractive errors) in a group of inner-city school children. In addition, the study addresses the issue of access to care for vision-screening programs, specifically for children with recognized difficulties in obtaining routine medical care. METHODS:School children from an inner-city elementary school were enrolled into a prospective vision-screening program combining the identification arm (screening) and diagnostic/treatment arm (ophthalmic examination). The screening consisted of Snellen E optotypes presented at a 10-foot test distance. Each child failing the vision screening was examined by an ophthalmologist at the school using standard protocol. This allowed the authors to examine all children identified through the vision-screening program. RESULTS:Six-hundred eighty children were screened during the 1993 to 1994 school year. Eleven percent (76) failed the vision screening and were examined, 68 of whom failed the ophthalmic examination. The estimated prevalence of visual morbidity was as follows: amblyopia, 3.9%; strabismus, 3.1%, and refractive errors, 8.2%. CONCLUSION:Amblyopia, strasbismus, and refractive errors were found in relatively high frequencies for this population sample of inner city children. These findings underscore the necessity of comprehensive vision-screening programs that integrate follow-up care. Children with limited access to specialized eye care must be provided with a mechanism for obtaining these services.
journal_name
Ophthalmologyjournal_title
Ophthalmologyauthors
Preslan MW,Novak Adoi
10.1016/s0161-6420(96)30753-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
105-9issue
1eissn
0161-6420issn
1549-4713pii
S0161-6420(96)30753-7journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OPHTHALMOLOGY文献大全abstract::Teller acuity card testing, which is a form of the preferential-looking procedure, is a popular way of assessing visual acuity in preverbal patients. The authors suspected that the clinical judgment of a pediatric ophthalmologist is superior to the Teller acuity cards in diagnosing amblyopia when strabismus is present...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(88)33105-2
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Up to now, the attention of ophthalmic surgeons has been focused mainly on the clinical results of epikeratophakia, demonstrating its safety, relative predictability, and capability of correcting a wide range of refractive errors. However, no prospective study has ever been undertaken to evaluate the influence of epik...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(90)32585-x
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the effect of postoperative subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the pressure outcome in combined procedure (limbus-based trabeculectomy + clear-cornea phacoemulsification). METHODS:Prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial; n = 24 eyes (24 patients) with concurrent open-angle glaucoma and ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30336-4
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marihuana inhalation was accompanied by increased heart rate and decreased intraocular and blood pressure in 18 subjects with heterogenous glaucomas. The hypotensive effects appeared in 60 to 90 minutes as the decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) appeared to follow the decrease in blood pressure. In addition to any ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(80)35258-5
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) improves the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin in predominantly classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN:Prospective randomized study. PARTICIPANTS:Six...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.04.039
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To analyze the incidence of adrenal suppression and the glucocorticoid (GC) dose per kilogram body weight given in infants treated with standard protocol for topical ophthalmic GCs after congenital cataract surgery. DESIGN:Retrospective, consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS:All children younger than 2 years ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.04.035
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A reproducible model of an irregular corneal surface was developed to test the ability of the excimer laser to treat such surfaces. Using a 193-nm argon fluoride excimer laser set at a fluence of 160 mJ/cm2, repetition rate of 10 Hz, and 185 pulses, fresh de-epithelialized pig eyes underwent phototherapeutic ablations...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(91)32050-5
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighteen healthy volunteers participated in a histamine challenge, dose response study of cimetidine (H2 antagonist)/pyrilamine (H1 antagonist) eyedrops. This was a randomized, double-masked, multiple-crossover trial, consisting of six visits spaced 48 hours apart. At each visit, subjects were pretreated with one of s...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33789-8
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an urban population and compare the same with that of our published rural population data in southern India. DESIGN:Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:Four thousand eight hundred subjects 40 years or older...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.04.062
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis in patients with metastatic retinoblastoma. DESIGN:Retrospective interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS:Eighteen consecutive patients with metastatic retinoblastoma who were diagnosed and managed at the Oncology Service of Ankara University, Turkey...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.03.039
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of routine glaucoma assessment and treatment under current eye care visit and treatment patterns and different levels of treatment effectiveness (from randomized trials). DESIGN:We compared the costs and benefits of routine glaucoma assessment and treatment comp...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.12.056
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors studied the etiology of acquired ptosis in the young to middle-aged adult population with specific attention to the role of rigid contact lens use. METHODS:The study consisted of all patients between the ages of 15 and 50 years with acquired ptosis who presented between April 1986 and May 1994. Pot...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30933-5
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how mobilization of the orbicularis oculi muscle can improve viability, appearance, and function of free skin grafts in the periocular region. By enhancing blood supply with this technique, healing often can be achieved in difficult reconstructive cases. METHODS:Se...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30995-5
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the risk factors, clinical features, and treatment of recurrent fungal keratitis after corneal transplantation. DESIGN:Retrospective, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS:Eight hundred ninety-nine patients (eyes) with fungal keratitis who underwent corneal transplantation at the Shandong Eye Inst...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.10.004
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Adrenergic substances are used widely for lowering intraocular pressure in the treatment of glaucoma. The hypothetic mechanisms for lowering the intraocular pressure by adrenergic drugs are decreased blood flow in the ciliary body and direct receptor-related reduction of aqueous humor production. The aim of thi...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(94)31281-4
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of severing the check ligaments and intermuscular membranes on the dose-response curve for medial rectus recessions in patients with infantile esotropia has not been previously studied by randomized assignment techniques using contemporary control and experimental groups and masked precautions. M...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31550-2
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by pneumatic retinopexy were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months after surgery. At the end of follow-up, retinal detachment repair by pneumatic retinopexy succeeded in nine cases (70%) and failed in four (30%). With...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33445-1
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the cost of phacoemulsification with foldable lenses with that of manual small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) in a hospital setting. DESIGN:Average cost comparision between 2 surgical techniques. PARTICIPANTS:Four hundred patients and 4 surgeons. METHODS:A single masked randomized controlled cli...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.08.057
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-two cases of corneal amyloidosis were studied. The median age of the 48 men and 14 women was 66 years. The patients had bilateral, diffuse corneal opacity extending to the limbus and severe visual impairment. The corneal condition was not familial. Advanced stages of trachoma were present in all individuals. Cli...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32765-5
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the independent, relative, and combined impact of reduced distance and near vision on the vision-specific quality of life (VS QOL) of adults in Timor-Leste. DESIGN:A population-based cross-sectional eye health survey was conducted in urban and rural areas in Timor-Leste. PARTICIPANTS:Participants...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.03.041
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate whether the visual, topographic, and endothelial cell count results observed 1 year after deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK) surgery remain stable up to 2 years after surgery. DESIGN:Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS:Twenty eyes of 20 patients with co...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.07.028
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of subconjunctival carboplatin for intraocular retinoblastoma. DESIGN:A phase I/II clinical trial (noncomparative case series). PARTICIPANTS:Eleven children with bilateral retinoblastoma who had 13 eyes containing active tumor. METHODS:Subconjunctival carboplatin (1.4-2....
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90406-2
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:One assumption of the uniocular drug trial in glaucoma management is that fellow-eye pairs exhibit symmetric intraocular pressure (IOP) responses when both eyes are treated with the same topical IOP-lowering medication. The purpose of this study was to determine if this assumption is true. DESIGN:Observational...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.11.028
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To detect changes in the compliance and baseline position (position at the baseline time point of a compliance test) of the monkey optic disc after the onset of chronic experimental glaucoma. METHODS:Sixty-six compliance tests were performed on 26 eyes of 13 monkeys. Longitudinal Study. In seven normal monkeys...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30791-9
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a peculiar syndrome occurring as a complication of cataract extraction. The syndrome is characterized initially by (1) acute loss of central and paracentral vision discovered usually on the first postoperative day; (2) diffuse and patchy whitening of the outer retinal layers in the posterior fund...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(82)34615-1
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess whether sequential or simultaneous ptosis repair yields a better postoperative outcome in patients with documented preoperative Hering's dependency. DESIGN:Retrospective, case-control study. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS:Of the 216 patients who underwent bilateral ptosis surgery, 109 patients with docum...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.07.008
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate a new high-resolution noncontact biometer (Lenstar; Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland) using optical low-coherence reflectometry and to compare the clinical measurements with those obtained from the IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and the Pachmumeter (Haag-Streit AG). DESIGN:Exploratory eva...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.04.019
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common threat to vision. While classification of disease stages is critical to understanding disease risk and progression, several systems based on color fundus photographs are known. Most of these require in-depth and time-consuming analysis of fundus images. Herein,...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.02.037
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe variations in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness based on spectral-domain (SD) OCT in a multiethnic Asian population. DESIGN:Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:Ethnic Chinese, Malay, and Indian adults older than 48 years without glaucoma who were recruited from the Singa...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.11.031
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate and compare the structural differences of the ciliary body in eyes with and without malignant glaucoma. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:Twenty-seven consecutive patients diagnosed with malignant glaucoma in 1 eye after trabeculectomy were recruited. They were all originally diagnosed wi...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.035
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00