Abstract:
:A discrepancy exists on the effects of somatostatin on the absorption of nutrients: in humans, absorption was found to be reduced, whereas in rats no effects were observed. However, intestinal absorption might be influenced by the transit rate of contents. This was not considered in previous studies. Therefore, we investigated simultaneously the effects of somatostatin on the absorption of nutrients and on luminal transit. In five minipigs (44-62 kg), a 150-cm segment of the proximal jejunum was temporarily isolated by two cannulas and perfused with an oligomer diet (60% carbohydrate, 18% protein, and 22% fat). The perfusion rate was 2 kcal/min. Flow rate and mean transit time were determined by markers (Cr-EDTA and Cu-EDTA). Somatostatin was infused intravenously at rates of 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 micrograms/kg/hr. In control experiments saline was administered intravenously. Somatostatin dose-dependently diminished flow rate of luminal contents and increased the transit time. At the largest dose of somatostatin (5 micrograms/kg/hr) flow rate was reduced by 50% compared with control infusion of saline (1.0 +/- 0.4 vs 2.0 +/- 0.05 ml/min, P < 0.05), and transit time was increased 3.6-fold (39.8 +/- 4.7 vs 11.2 +/- 4.9 min; P < 0.05). Somatostatin also dose-dependently enhanced the absorption of nutrients and energy. However, the increase in absorption was small compared with the effects on flow rate and transit time. At the largest dose (5 micrograms/kg/hr) absorption of energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was enhanced only by 9.7%, 7.0%, 5.2%, and 15.3%, respectively (49.9 vs 40.2%, 50.9 vs 43.9%, 67.3 vs 62.1%, and 30.1 vs 14.8% during saline infusion; P < 0.05). Results indicate that the major effects of somatostatin consist in a marked reduction of flow rate and a delay of luminal transit. The small increase in absorption was caused by the delay in transit and the prolonged contact of the nutrients with the mucosa. Therefore, in absorption studies, effects on transit need to be considered.
journal_name
Dig Dis Scijournal_title
Digestive diseases and sciencesauthors
Eisenbraun J,Ehrlein HJdoi
10.1007/BF02091528subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
894-901issue
5eissn
0163-2116issn
1573-2568journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A gangliocytic paraganglioma (GP) is an extremely rare neurogenic tumor nearly located in the second portion of the duodenum and has been regarded as benign. We report a case of duodenal GP in a 53-year-old man. The GP arose in the second portion of the duodenum and was shown by histological examination to consist of ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9370-3
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Birth characteristics, including weight and gestational age, may be associated with risk of Barrett's esophagus (BE), the only known precursor for esophageal adenocarcinoma; however, data are limited. AIMS:To examine associations between various birth characteristics and BE, and whether these associations a...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-015-3967-3
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The motor function of the gallbladder after partial distal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma (Billroth-I reconstruction) and its relationship to the motor function of the stomach was investigated using a double-isotope method. In this method, [99mTc]N-54-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan ([99mTc]PMT) was utilized as a trac...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02064968
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The impact of prior anti-TNF use on "real-life" outcomes of adalimumab therapy in ulcerative colitis (UC) is not well known. AIM:To compare the influence of prior anti-TNF use on the outcomes of adalimumab maintenance treatment in UC patients. We also assessed the effectiveness of adalimumab dose escalation...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s10620-016-4398-5
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholecystokinin (CCK) decreases lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in man. Cholestyramine, a nonabsorbable bile salt binding resin, stimulates endogenous CCK secretion. We have investigated the effect of oral ingestion of 16 g cholestyramine without and with infusion of the CCK receptor antagonist CR1505 (loxi...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01296114
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the effect of halofuginone on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colonic injury, rats were given halofuginone (40 microg/kg, intraperitoneally) or saline 1 h before the induction of colitis, and the injections were continued twice daily for 3 days until they were decapitated. High macroscopic and...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-009-0798-0
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crohn's disease (CD) is a heterogeneous disorder. A genetic linkage to chromosome 16 (IBD1) has been previously observed and replicated in unrelated populations. Recently, in this region, NOD2/CARD15 has been identified as a susceptibility gene. The aim of this report is to determine whether this gene is implicated in...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-005-1290-0
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our objective was to investigate the expression of HMGA1 mRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the correlation between its expression and clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis. HMGA1 expression was determined at both the mRNA level and the protein level in 30 HCC tissues and their corres...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-005-2934-9
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients were prospectively studied using 99mTc-PIPIDA imaging to evaluate the effects of fasting and parenteral alimentation on gallbladder function. Three of ten patients had initial nonvisualization of the gallbladder for up to 2 hr, yet had normal visualization on repeat imaging performed after resumption of o...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01312557
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Recent evidence suggests that psychological factors may affect esophageal as well as intestinal motility. To study this further, we compared the psychological profiles of 20 irritable bowel patients and 20 patients with recurrent noncardiac chest pain associated with high-amplitude peristaltic contractions i...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01300697
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The C-31G polymorphism in the survivin promoter could de-repress the cell-cycle-dependent transcription of the human survivin gene, resulting in overexpression of survivin. This survivin mutation has only been studied on cervical carcinoma. However, no study has ever been conducted to evaluate the effect o...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-008-0441-5
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a computerized auscultation method for providing an objective, quantitative measure characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome. Bowel sounds from irritable bowel patients and normal controls were digitized using an electronic stethoscope. Computerized analy...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018859110022
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colonoscopy is the dominant colorectal cancer screening strategy in the USA. There are no randomized controlled trials completed of screening colonoscopy, but multiple lines of evidence establish that colonoscopy reduces colorectal cancer incidence in both the proximal and distal colon. Colonoscopy is highly operator ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3448-0
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gut inflammation is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and likely contributes to systemic inflammation via disruption of the epithelial tight junction with subsequent endotoxin and bacterial translocation. AIMS:To study the expression profile of inflammatory and tight junction proteins in the colon f...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3428-4
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective effect of a human strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) against murine group A rotavirus (MRV) was examined in the intestines of BALB/c infected mice. In experiments designed to determine whether B. bifidum mediated MRV shedding during diarrheal disease, pregnant dams (and their expected litter...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02087647
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that healing in intestinal wounds is proportionally faster than skin. Cytokines and growth factors play a major role in these coordinated wound-healing events. We hypothesized that this more rapid intestinal healing is due to an early upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-009-0931-0
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Lifestyle and demographic risk factors for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma developing from columnar-lined oesophagus are not well defined. METHODS:Demographic and lifestyle factors, endoscopy and histology reports were extracted from 1,761 subjects from seven UK centres. The associations of co...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-007-0023-y
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to determine the impact of irritable bowel syndrome on quality of life using a well-standardized measure, the SF-36, and to determine whether apparent impairments may be due to neuroticism. Undergraduate students with irritable bowel syndrome who had consulted a physician (41 females, 42 ma...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02071408
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and apolipoprotein C3 gene (APOC3) promoter region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2854117 and rs2854116 is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between other polymorphisms of APOC3 and NAFLD...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-016-4120-7
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphomatous involvement of the liver may present as acute liver failure but is an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation. Therefore it is imperative to diagnose such patients since survival in this group is poor and recurrence is high. We describe two patients with acute liver failure referred for liver ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02093804
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper evaluates the efficiency of Nissen fundoplication as an antireflux technique in a series of 51 patients with different grades of esophagitis. Follow-up time averaged 6.6 years. The evaluation includes a clinical assessment, endoscopic study, and 24-hr pH monitoring. The results reveal an acceptable r...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01307574
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine if organic anions contribute to the diarrhea of inflammatory bowel disease, we measured osmolality, electrolytes, short-chain fatty acids, lactic acid, and some Krebs cycle anions in 24-hr fecal collections from 18 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis, 20 with Crohn's disease of the colon, and 16 norm...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01536987
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to characterize the diagnostic process, frequency of associated disorders, family history, and impact of a gluten-free diet in individuals with celiac disease. All members of the Canadian Celiac Association (n=5240) were surveyed with a questionnaire. Respondents included 2681 adults with...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9258-2
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study we demonstrated that patients with recently diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) had significantly increased gastric emptying rates of glucose solutions compared with those of nondiabetic sex- and age-matched controls. This finding of rapid gastric emptying contrasts with the d...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01296773
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity is considered a risk factor for other chronic diseases, and diets rich in lipids can cause alterations in the intestinal functions. AIM:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the myenteric plexus of the large intestine in mice. METHODS:Swiss mice were distr...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3402-1
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The initiating mechanisms involved in colonic injury are currently unknown. The goal of the current study was to examine the role of the inflammatory mediators reactive oxygen metabolites and proteases in an ex vivo model of selective epithelial permeability. Rats were prepared with exteriorized colonic chambers to wh...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02209017
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatopulmonary syndrome has yet not been sufficiently assessed in noncirrhotic portal hypertension. The prevalence of hepatopulmonary syndrome was determined in 31 consecutive patients with noncirrhotic portal hypertension (19 idiopathic portal hypertension, 7 portal vein thrombosis, 5 congenital hepatic fibrosis) an...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1022549018807
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the contribution of alcohol abuse to liver failure among patients undergoing liver transplantation by reviewing their records for alcohol consumption, hepatitis serology, and outcome. Anti-HCV was present in the serum of 42 patients (39%), while 35 had consumed more than 80 g/day of alcohol for at least 1...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026614116808
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both intracellular calcium ions and neural input are important in esophageal smooth muscle contraction. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of well-tolerated doses of the calcium-channel blocker, nifedipine (20 mg sublingually/buccally) with the anticholinergic, propantheline bromide (15 mg orally) and th...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF01318513
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By using two-color immunofluorescence with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and phycoerythrin (PE)-labelled monoclonal antibodies and multiparameter flow cytometry, we investigated lamina propria lymphocyte subsets of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Leu-3/Leu-2 (CD4/CD8) ratio of lamin...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01296815
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00