The biomechanics of twisting somersaults. Part I: Rigid body motions.

abstract：:To develop and assess the validity of the Referee Training Activity Questionnaire (RTAQ), a systematic process was employed: 1) item generation; 2) assessments of content and face validity; and 3) assessments of criterion validity. In stage 1, items were generated following semi-structured interviews with an expert pa...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： P McEwan G,Unnithan V,Easton C,Arthur R

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments were conducted to examine the hypothesis that learning by analogy will invoke characteristics of an implicit mode of motor learning. In the first experiment, table tennis novices learned to hit forehand topspin implicitly, explicitly or by analogy. The results showed that the analogy and implicit learn...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Liao CM,Masters RS

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A high ambient temperature reduces the capacity to perform prolonged exercise. Total carbohydrate oxidation is less, and thus glycogen depletion is not limiting. Fluid ingestion in the heat should, therefore, focus on maintenance of hydration status rather than on substrate provision. Six healthy males cycled to exhau...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Galloway SD,Maughan RJ

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coordinative variability (CAV) and underlying coordinative patterns are potential running-related overuse injury (RROI) mechanisms, but prospective analyses are needed. This study compared lower limb CAV and coordinative patterns between prospectively injured and uninjured runners. Knee, shank, and ankle kinematics we...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Desai GA,Gruber AH

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drag is the resistant force that opposes a swimmer displacing through water and significantly affects swimming performance. Drag experienced during active swimming is called active drag (Da), and its direct determination is still controversial. By contrast, drag experienced while gliding in a stable streamlined body p...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Scurati R,Gatta G,Michielon G,Cortesi M

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aims in this review are: (1) to identify physiological determinants of performance; (2) to consider training specificity by examining aerobic, team and racket sports, strength and power activities, and cross-training and concurrent training methods; and (3) to evaluate the role of specificity in the physiological ...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Reilly T,Morris T,Whyte G

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we examined the influence of opposing players constraining the decision-making of an attacker during shooting performance in futsal. Performance during 10 competitive matches was recorded and examined from the moment a shot was taken until the ball was intercepted or entered the goal in sequences of play...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Vilar L,Araújo D,Davids K,Correia V,Esteves PT

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many sports events require participants to exert a maximal effort in the closing stages-that is, after prior fatiguing exercise. Peak and mean pedalling rate during 30 s of high-intensity cycle ergometer exercise was manipulated by altering the applied resistance or the initial exercise intensity so that the effect of...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Cherry PW,Lakomy HK,Nevill ME,Maddox NL

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rules of competitive boardsailing events were changed before the Atlanta Olympic Games. Pumping the sail (pulling repeatedly on the rig) is now allowed and the duration of races has been shortened. Eight members of the French national team (mean age 23+/-2.7 years) participated in this study. Their cardiac and met...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Guével A,Maïsetti O,Prou E,Dubois JJ,Marini JF

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maximal oxygen uptake VO(2max)) is considered the optimal method to assess aerobic fitness. The measurement of VO(2max), however, requires special equipment and training. Maximal exercise testing with determination of maximal power output offers a more simple approach. This study explores the relationship between [Vdo...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Dencker M,Thorsson O,Karlsson MK,Lindén C,Wollmer P,Andersen LB

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maximal strength, power, muscle cross-sectional area, maximal and submaximal cycling endurance characteristics and serum hormone concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone and cortisol were examined in three groups of men: weightlifters (n = 11), amateur road cyclists (n = 18) and age-matched controls (n = 12)....

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Izquierdo M,Ibáñez J,Häkkinen K,Kraemer WJ,Ruesta M,Gorostiaga EM

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessments of maximal intensity exercise which determine peak power output on friction-baked cycle ergometers have fallen into two categories: correction procedures which account for changes in momentum of the ergometer's flywheel and optimization procedures which attempt to satisfy muscle force-velocity relationship...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Winter EM,Brown D,Roberts NK,Brookes FB,Swaine IL

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study investigated whether viewing images of others in pain influences exercise-induced pain (EIP) and cycling performance. Twenty-one recreational cyclists attended five laboratory visits. The first two visits involved measuring participants' maximal aerobic capacity and familiarized participants to the f...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Astokorki A,Flood A,Mauger A

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of long-term endurance and resistance training on central fatigue has been studied using transcranial magnetic stimulation by exercising the biceps brachii to exhaustion and recording motor-evoked potentials from the non-exercised homologous biceps. Three groups of eight healthy individuals took part: two g...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Triscott S,Gordon J,Kuppuswamy A,King N,Davey N,Ellaway P

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the long-term effects of the 11+ on physical performance in adolescent male football (soccer) players. Eighty-two 14- to 16-year-old male football players (11+ = 42 players, control = 40 players) participated. Teams were randomised to control (CON) and intervention (INT) groups. INT applied the 11+...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Zarei M,Abbasi H,Daneshjoo A,Barghi TS,Rommers N,Faude O,Rössler R

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a paucity of studies that have evaluated substrate utilisation and protein catabolism during multiday strenuous exercise in athletes. Eleven well-trained male cyclists completed 3 h of race-simulated cycling on 4 consecutive days. Cyclist exercised 2 h postprandially and with carbohydrate supplementation (~50...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Oosthuyse T,Avidon I

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to Wegner's (1994) theory of ironic processes of mental control, self-instructions not to perform in a certain way, together with mental loads, can induce thoughts, emotions, and behaviours that are precisely the opposite of intention. Wegner's theory was tested against the implicit overcompensation hypothes...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： de la Peña D,Murray NP,Janelle CM

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sleep hygiene (SH) education on sleep quality in soccer players after a late-evening small-sided-game (SSG) training session. Twenty-nine non-professional players were recruited and allocated to either an experimental group (EG, n = 17) that received SH education, o...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Vitale JA,La Torre A,Banfi G,Bonato M

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the effect of running shoes' aging on mechanical and biomechanical parameters as a function of midsole materials (viscous, intermediate, elastic) and ground inclination. To this aim, heel area of the shoe (under calcaneal tuberosity) was first mechanically aged at realistic frequency and impact...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Chambon N,Sevrez V,Ly QH,Guéguen N,Berton E,Rao G

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Young soccer players often use one particular dominant leg (DL) to perform dynamic movements which require strength, resulting in leg asymmetry. The aim of this study was to compare, in young soccer players, the effect of using DL and non-dominant leg (NDL) on time performance of two change of direction (COD) manoeuvr...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Rouissi M,Chtara M,Owen A,Chaalali A,Chaouachi A,Gabbett T,Chamari K

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare the kinetics, kinematics, and muscle activation patterns of the countermovement jump, the power clean, and the jump squat with the expectation of gaining a better understanding of the mechanism of transfer from the power clean to the vertical jump. Ground reaction forces, elect...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： MacKenzie SJ,Lavers RJ,Wallace BB

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between external training load and session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) training load and the impact that playing experience, playing position and 2-km time-trial performance had on s-RPE training load were explored. From 39 Australian Football players, 6.9 ± 4.6 training sessions were analyse...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Gallo T,Cormack S,Gabbett T,Williams M,Lorenzen C

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous planar models of the downswing in golf have suggested that upper limb segments (left shoulder girdle and left arm) move in a consistent fixed plane and that the clubhead also moves only in this plane. This study sought to examine these assumptions. Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of seven right-handed go...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Coleman SG,Rankin AJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The causes of fatigue during muscular exercise include factors that reside in the brain (central mechanisms) as well as the muscles themselves (peripheral mechanisms). Central fatigue is largely unexplored, but there is increasing evidence that increased brain serotonin (5-HT) can lead to central (mental) fatigue, the...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Davis JM

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle injuries are frequent and represent one of the most substantial medical problems in professional football. They can have both traumatic and overuse causes with direct practical consequence due to differences in terms of the post-primary care regimen and prognosis. An accurate diagnosis is the first step towards...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Ueblacker P,Haensel L,Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to compare equivalence and agreement of physical activity output data collected by a Research Tri-axial accelerometer (R3T) during walking and running on a treadmill versus on land. Fifty healthy volunteers, 35 males (age 21.9 +/- 1.8 years) and 15 females (age 21.6 +/- 0.7 years), underwent ...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Vanhelst J,Zunquin G,Theunynck D,Mikulovic J,Bui-Xuan G,Beghin L

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microsaccades are important fixation eye movements for visual scene perception. Compared to novices, athletes make fewer fixations of longer duration toward limited interest areas crucial for action prediction. Thus, our aim was to study the microsaccade features during those fixations. Gaze behaviour of expert and no...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Piras A,Raffi M,Perazzolo M,Malagoli Lanzoni I,Squatrito S

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify the effects of adding spatial references during football small-sided games in youth players' tactical and physical performance. Twelve under-15 players performed a Gk+ 6v6+ Gk game under two playing conditions: (i) without spatial references (CONTROL condition); (ii) with spatial ...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Coutinho D,Gonçalves B,Travassos B,Abade E,Wong DP,Sampaio J

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the effect of movement and stretching imagery on increases in flexibility. Thirty volunteers took part in a 4 week flexibility training programme. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) movement imagery, where participants imagined moving the limb they were stretch...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Vergeer I,Roberts J

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug abuse by adolescents has been investigated in various surveys that reported correlations between age, gender, and activity. However, none of these studies included chemical analyses to help substantiate the statements of participants. In the present study, the urine specimens of 964 students (439 females, 525 mal...

journal_title：Journal of sports sciences

authors： Thevis M,Sauer M,Geyer H,Sigmund G,Mareck U,Schänzer W

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00