Abstract：
RATIONALE:Flumazenil, a competitive antagonist of benzodiazepine receptors (BZRs), has been used as a probe to detect effects of putative endogenous ligands for BZRs in anxiety. Flumazenil is renowned for its highly inconsistent behavioral effects. OBJECTIVE:To ascertain effects of flumazenil in the social conflict test in mice, which provides complex measures for prediction of anxiolytic and anxiogenic activity of drugs in behaviorally different groups of animals. METHODS:Singly housed male mice treated with flumazenil (5, 20 or 80 mg/kg i.p.) or vehicle were paired with untreated non-aggressive group-housed male mice in a novel cage. Behavior was analyzed from video tapes of the social interactions in three populations of mice: timid (n=21), aggressive (n=11), and sociable (n=7). Levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were measured in vivo in the prefrontal cortex. RESULTS:Flumazenil reduced timid (defensive-escape) and increased locomotor activities in timid mice. The drug reduced aggressive and increased sociable (social investigation) activities in aggressive mice. These behavioral changes were produced at the lowest dose of flumazenil tested (5 mg/kg) and were not increased further by higher doses of the drug (20 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg). A tendency to increased timidity was found after flumazenil in sociable mice. Concentrations of GABA were markedly higher in the prefrontal cortex of sociable mice than in timid or aggressive mice. CONCLUSIONS:Flumazenil produced moderate anxiolytic-like behavioural changes and a slight anxiogenic-like effect. The present data might be reflecting antagonism of corresponding endogenous BZR ligands. However, these putative ligands seem to exert only modest modulatory influence.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Uhlírová L,Sustková-Fiserová M,Krsiak Mdoi
10.1007/s00213-003-1583-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
259-69issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
171pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Oral administration of the serotonin (5-HT) precursor L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 200 mg, significantly increased plasma cortisol levels in man. L-5-HTP had no significant effect on the plasma prolactin levels. A borderline effect of 5-HTP on plasma ACTH levels was found. Pretreatment with the 5-HT2/5-HT1c antagoni...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244213
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EEG measures have been shown to differ in human subjects who are at genetically increased risk for the development of alcoholism. In the present study, EEG was recorded in rats that were selectively bred for alcohol-preferring (P) and nonpreferring (NP) behaviors during an ethanol self-administration paradigm. In this...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244335
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation has been proposed to be positively correlated with the rewarding effects of ethanol (Wise and Bozarth 1987). The present experiments provided a test of this hypothesis using a genetic model. Three behavioral indices of the motivational effects of ethanol (drinking, taste condition...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245064
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several theories propose alternative explanations for drug addiction. OBJECTIVES:We propose a general theory of transition to addiction that synthesizes knowledge generated in the field of addiction into a unitary explanatory frame. MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF THE THEORY:Transition to addiction results from a sequ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3224-4
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to assess the possible effects of central GABA activation on the consolidation of shock avoidance, the GABA-T inhibitor amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) was administered posttrial to adult male rats. Learning was assessed over nine widely spaced sessions of 20 trials each. AOAA-treated animals showed learning with...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431848
更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve healthy male volunteers took part in a double-blind randomised cross-over study composed of three treatment sessions: remoxipride 100 mg; remoxipride 100 mg plus biperiden 4 mg; and biperiden 4 mg. Plasma and urine concentrations of remoxipride and biperiden, plasma prolactin levels, salivary flow and adverse e...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02257403
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Established social groups of talapoin monkeys show rank-related differences in aggressive, social and sexual behaviours and visual monitoring, as well as in endocrine and monoamine profiles. Here we describe the effects on these variables of an "anxiogenic drug", beta-carboline carboxylic acid ethyl ester (beta-CCE), ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00179193
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Inattentional blindness (IB) is the inability to detect a salient yet unexpected task irrelevant stimulus in one's visual field when attention is engaged in an ongoing primary task. The present study is the first to examine the impact of both task difficulty and alcohol consumption on IB and primary task perf...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-017-4772-9
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence has been provided for impaired neurotransmitter functioning in the brain of elderly subjects. In order to assess central GABAergic transmission, the activity of the hypothalamic GABA system may be investigated by basal growth hormone (GH) response to the GABAergic drug sodium valproate (SV). For this purpose ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00690918
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Intermittent footshock stress effectively reinstates extinguished heroin-, cocaine- and alcohol-taking behaviors, but not behaviors previously maintained by food reinforcers. Here we tested further the generality of the phenomenon of stress-induced reinstatement by determining the effect of footshock on reins...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050992
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids acting through the CB1 cannabinoid receptors are implicated in the control of a variety of behavioural and neuroendocrine functions, including emotional responses, and learning and memory processes. Recently, knockout mice deficient in the CB1 cannabinoid receptor have be...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-001-0946-5
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Typical neuroleptic medications are still administered to as many as 40% of patients receiving antipsychotic treatment in the US. Intermittent administration or interruption of long-term neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia may increase the incidence of human tardive dyskinesias, and similarly may produce...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000572
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Although some aspects of memory functions are known to be acutely impaired by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta(9)-THC; the main active constituent of marijuana), effects on other aspects of memory are not known and the time course of functional impairments is unclear. OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1169-0
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationships between aging effects on apomorphine (AP)-induced stereotypy and AP concentrations in plasma and brain were studied in rats. In two separate behavioral studies, four groups of male Wistar rats (3, 6, 20, and 43 weeks of age) and two groups of female Wistar rats (5 and 35 weeks of age) were used, respecti...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00430756
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONAL:Caloric restriction increases the risk of relapse in abstinent drug users. Hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance and food intake, such as leptin and ghrelin, are implicated in drug-related behaviors. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the role of leptin and ghrelin in the augmentation of heroin seekin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05415-9
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of the advantage of using nortriptyline (NT) plasma level during treatment for endogenous depression has been approached. In an ordinary psychiatric department, 34 patients had their NT level checked the second week of treatment and their dosage subsequently adjusted, if it was outside the recommended ther...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00428027
更新日期：1978-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Alcohol has been shown to increase smoking urges and smoking behavior. However, alcohol's effects on specific components of smoking behavior for nicotine versus non-nicotine factors and potential sex differences in this response have not been investigated. METHODS:Forty-two young male and female non-depen...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1638-9
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute tolerance, defined as a decreasing drug effect relative to drug-plasma levels (DPL) over a period of minutes to a few hours, is pronounced following single doses of diazepam or pentobarbital. Both of these lipid-soluble drugs produce an early peak behavioral impairment and subsequent rapid recovery component tha...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427800
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Abstinence from drug occurs in human addicts for several reasons, including the avoidance of adverse consequences. OBJECTIVES:To explore a model of drug use in the face of adverse consequences in rats through intermittent punishment of drug seeking and to investigate whether the ability to withhold seeking r...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0805-0
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was shown previously that behavioural effects of apomorphine (locomotor activation and stereotyped behaviour) can be conditioned when they are associated with well-defined environmental stimuli. In the present study, the hypothesis was tested that glutamatergic mechanisms play an important role either in formation ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244064
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Despite animal evidence that methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) causes lasting damage in brain regions related to long-term memory, results regarding human memory performance have been variable. This variability may reflect the cognitive complexity of the memory tasks. However, previous studies have test...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1766-2
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exploratory behavior of pigs was studied in two successive daily 20-mn sessions in a two-compartment box by counting the number of crossings from one compartment to the other and observing the activity patterns. Injection of 1 mg/kg diazepam before the first session increased the number of crossings without affect...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431643
更新日期：1977-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The neuronal actions of methamphetamine (MA) include an increase in extracellular levels of monoamines, presumably via reverse transport involving the monoamine transporters. This action is thought to play an important role in the effects of MA. Therefore, in the present experiment, it was hypothesized that a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000602
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Neurosteroids are implicated in various stages of drug dependence, including the acquisition phase, tolerance, and withdrawal. The neurosteroid allopregnanolone is also able to substitute for drugs with abuse potential and possesses reinforcing properties. OBJECTIVES:The effects of acute treatment with, and ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0111-7
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Several lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia may be associated with altered noradrenergic and glucoregulatory function. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate these alterations during a perturbed homeostatic state. METHODS:Fifteen patients with schizophrenia and 13...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1890-y
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Comorbidity with gambling disorder (GD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is well documented. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of our study was to examine the influence of genetic alcohol drinking tendency on reward-guided decision making behavior of rats and the impact of dopamine releaser D-amphetamine on this behavior....
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-018-4847-2
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The phenomenon of sensitization has been theoretically implicated in mediating various aspects of drug addiction. Recent dose-response studies demonstrated that pretreatment with the putative antiaddictive agent, ibogaine (IBO), and a synthetic iboga alkaloid congener, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), increase...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000478
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Drug development is a high-risk and high failure enterprise, and studies that provide an early read on the pharmacodynamic activity of novel compounds could save time and money, increasing the efficiency of the drug development process. OBJECTIVE:Preclinical and clinical experiments were designed to examine ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2456-4
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was performed on the effect of ethanol on the basal and K+-evoked efflux of endogenous GABA from rat hypothalamic fragments. The amount of GABA present in the medium and in the tissue was measured by radioreceptor assay. In vitro addition of ethanol (50 and 100 mM) enhanced the K+-evoked efflux of GABA in a Ca...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00181959
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The cerebral microdialysis technique has been widely used to monitor the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The extracellular concentration of 5-HT has generally been shown to change after pharmacological manipulation as expected. Extracellular levels of the metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid (5-HIAA) ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1736-z
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
