Abstract：
RATIONALE:Inattentional blindness (IB) is the inability to detect a salient yet unexpected task irrelevant stimulus in one's visual field when attention is engaged in an ongoing primary task. The present study is the first to examine the impact of both task difficulty and alcohol consumption on IB and primary task performance. OBJECTIVES:On the basis of alcohol myopia theory, the combined effects of increased task difficulty and alcohol intoxication were predicted to impair task performance and restrict the focus of attention on to task-relevant stimuli. We therefore expected increases in breath alcohol concentration to be associated with poorer primary task performance and higher rates of IB, with these relationships being stronger under hard than easy task conditions. METHODS:This hypothesis was tested in a field study where alcohol drinkers in a local bar were randomly assigned to perform a dynamic IB task with an easy or hard visual tracking and counting task at its core (Simons and Chabris in Perception 28:1059-1074, 1999). RESULTS:Increasing the difficulty of the primary task reduced task accuracy but, surprisingly, had no impact on the rate of IB. Higher levels of alcohol intoxication were, however, associated with poorer task performance and an increased rate of IB, but only under easy primary task conditions. CONCLUSIONS:Results are consistent with alcohol myopia theory. Alcohol intoxication depletes attentional resources, thus reducing the drinker's awareness of salient stimuli that are irrelevant to some ongoing primary task. We conclude that this effect was not observed for our hard task because it is more resource intensive, so leaves no spare attentional capacity for alcohol to deplete.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Harvey AJ,Bayless SJ,Hyams Gdoi
10.1007/s00213-017-4772-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
309-315issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072pii
10.1007/s00213-017-4772-9journal_volume
235pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:When injected IP, the M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist pirenzepine dose-dependently induced a deficit in passive avoidance learning in rats. This activity was optimal at 75 mg/kg injected 1 h before the acquisition session. The deficit induced by pirenzepine was antagonized by oxotremorine (0.03-0.3 mg/kg SC) and phy...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00444707
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The endogenous cannabinoid system is thought to play a role in reinforcement processes. OBJECTIVES:We tested the effects of five doses of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist SR141716 [0, 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP)] on intracranial self-stimulation at the level of the median forebrain...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130100804
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons contribute to the orchestration of pyramidal neuron population firing as follows: (1) by releasing GABA on GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, (2) by releasing reelin in the proximity of integrin receptors located on cortical pyramidal neuron dendritic spines, a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-2212-8
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4256-3
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050910
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244999
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244839
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00177913
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：1977-08-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3161-2
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02316862
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427352
更新日期：1979-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:In the rat, the antimuscarinics atropine and scopolamine failed to block the reduction in pentobarbital-induced sleep time produced by either thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) or MK-771 (a TRH analog). Previous reports have indicated that the marked analeptic effect produced by TRH is antagonized by such agents. It ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431749
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050523
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2112-4
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Each year, over 300,000 individuals in the USA enter treatment for cannabis use disorder (CUD). The development of effective pharmacotherapy for CUD is a priority. OBJECTIVE:This placebo-controlled study examined the effects of zolpidem alone and in combination with nabilone on cannabis withdrawal and a labo...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4298-6
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1007/BF02245288
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1683-4
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050096
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244067
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
