Paget's disease of bone.

abstract：:The Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a complication of many illnesses such as sepsis, pneumonia and trauma afflicting over 150,000 patients per year. While progress in intensive care medicine has increased the survival rates in many of these underlying illnesses, major obstacles remain in the successful therapy ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Bernard GR,Brigham KL

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a recently recognized autosomal-recessive trait characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, impaired pus formation and wound healing, and abnormalities in a wide spectrum of adherence-dependent functions of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphoid cells. Features of this diseas...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Anderson DC,Springer TA

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. The genetic component is heterogeneous and in some patients is probably complex, involving multiple genes. Specific genetic defects have been identified for rate monogenic forms of NIDDM: maturity-onset diabetes of the...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Kahn CR,Vicent D,Doria A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is perhaps the most significant public health problem facing the United States today. Obese patients are at increased risk for numerous medical problems, which can adversely affect surgical outcome. However, these risks have not uniformly translated into increased or prohibitive operative morbidity and mortali...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Flancbaum L,Choban PS

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease reflects the failure of airways defense against chronic bacterial infection. Studies of CF cultures, transgenic mice, and CF patients suggest that the initiating event in CF airways disease pathogenesis is reduced airway surface liquid (ASL) volume, i.e., dehydration. CF ASL volume re...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Boucher RC

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a potentially lethal disease that presents with rapidly progressive multiple organ thromboses. Anticoagulation, corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange are the most commonly used treatments for CAPS patients. However, the high mortality despite ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Unlu O,Erkan D

更新日期：2017-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Major inhalational anesthetics cause inhibition in the electron transport chain in the region of Complex I resulting in decreased oxygen utilization, inhibition of metabolism of NAD-linked substrates, but not of succinate, inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uptake, and depression of synaptic transmission because of p...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Brunner EA,Cheng SC,Berman ML

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the psychiatric hospital changed dramatically during the twentieth century. Formerly the primary location for psychiatric treatment, the hospital now plays a more circumscribed role within a community-based system of care. Crisis stabilization, safety, and a focus on rapid discharge are the critical com...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Sharfstein SS

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2012, a zoonotic coronavirus was identified as the causative agent of Middle East respiratory syndrome and was named MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). As of August 11, 2016, the virus has infected 1,791 patients, with a mortality rate of 35.6%. Although MERS-CoV generally causes subclinical or mild disease, infection ca...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Fehr AR,Channappanavar R,Perlman S

更新日期：2017-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonal populations of cells can be identified by a number of different independent approaches, including analyses of karyotype, gene rearrangements, deletions or point mutations, X-linked polymorphisms, and integration of virus into the genome. Assessment of clonality has yielded valuable and surprising clues to the p...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Gilliland DG,Blanchard KL,Bunn HF

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The overexpression and aberrant function of members of the erbB family of receptors, particularly erbB1 (also known as epidermal growth factor receptor), and its ligands in many human cancers have provided a rationale for targeting this signaling network with novel approaches. erbB1 is a selective target for inhibitin...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Rowinsky EK

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Implantable cardiac pacing and defibrillation devices are effective and commonly used therapies for patients with cardiac rhythm disorders. Because device implantation is not easily reversible, as well as the high healthcare costs inherent in device use, a clear understanding of the clinical benefits relative to costs...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Groeneveld PW,Dixit S

更新日期：2017-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsteroidal antinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit prostaglandin formation by cyclooxygenases (COX) 1 and 2. NSAIDs selective for inhibition of COX-2 are less likely than traditional drugs to cause serious gastrointestinal adverse effects, but predispose to adverse cardiovascular events, such as heart failure, myocar...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Grosser T,Yu Y,Fitzgerald GA

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain imaging is increasingly applied in psychiatry, both for clinical evaluation and as a research tool. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have documented that structural brain abnormalities occur in some types of psychiatric patients, particularly those who suffer from schizophrenia. ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Andreasen NC

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid cancer is rapidly increasing in incidence, but the mortality rate remains flat. Debate has arisen over the need to detect or treat most thyroid cancers early, given their favorable natural history. The appropriate extent of surgery for thyroid cancer is also controversial: some researchers advocate partial and...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Carling T,Udelsman R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The foregoing summarizes what can be learned from a carefully performed antiglobulin test using specific antisera. Clinical syndromes can be more easily considered, and mechanisms of destruction can be more certainly discerned. ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Rosse WF

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary or hereditary form of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), although rare, has received increased attention recently because of dramatic advances in the understanding of its genetic basis. The final regulation of renal acid excretion is effected by various acid/base transporters localized in specialized ce...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Batlle D,Ghanekar H,Jain S,Mitra A

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis E has a worldwide distribution and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in some developing countries, particularly among pregnant women. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has recently been cloned and sequenced and new diagnostic tests have been developed; these tests have been used to begin to characterize the n...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Mast EE,Krawczynski K

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian rhythms are major features of adaptation to our environment. In mammals, circadian rhythms are generated and regulated by a circadian timing system. This system consists of entertainment pathways, pacemakers, and pace-maker output to effector systems that are under circadian control. The primary entertainmen...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Moore RY

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parallel and often unrelated developments in health care and technology have all been necessary to bring about early detection of lung cancer and the opportunity to decrease mortality from lung cancer through early detection of the disease by computed tomography. Lung cancer screening programs provide education for pa...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Jacobson FL,Jaklitsch MT

更新日期：2018-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells are a subpopulation of lymphocytes, with azurophilic granules in their cytoplasm, that have spontaneous cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells, virus-infected cells, and some normal cells in the bone marrow and thymus. When lymphocytes are cultured in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Herberman RB

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past 10 years, the number of genetic tests performed more than tripled, and public concern about genetic privacy emerged. The majority of states and the U.S. government have passed regulations protecting genetic information. However, research has shown that concerns about genetic privacy are disproportionat...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Sankar P

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most significant complication of elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in uremia is the development of osteitis fibrosa cystica. The hormone also appears to play a role in soft-tissue and organ calcification, metabolic abnormalities (glucose, lipids), and electroencephalographic changes seen in uremic patients...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Klahr S,Slatopolsky E

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk assessments are integral for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). However, individuals may develop CMD without traditional risk factors, necessitating the development of novel biomarkers to aid risk prediction. The emergence of omic technologies, including genomics, proteomics, and meta...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Tahir UA,Gerszten RE

更新日期：2020-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is well established as a treatment for patients with moderate to severe heart failure on optimal medical therapy. Early studies demonstrated improved functional capacity and evidence of reverse remodeling; more recently, CRT has been associated with a survival benefit in advance...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Hasan A,Abraham WT

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclosporine-A is primary therapy for organ transplantation. Its immunosuppressive effect might suggest a therapeutic role in autoimmune diseases, including several idiopathic and secondary glomerular conditions. Various forms of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minim...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Klein M,Radhakrishnan J,Appel G

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal immune system has the challenge of maintaining both a state of tolerance toward intestinal antigens and the ability to combat pathogens. This balance is partially achieved by reciprocal regulation of proinflammatory, effector CD4(+) T cells and tolerizing, suppressive regulatory T cells. Inflammatory bo...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Abraham C,Cho JH

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypertensive disorders (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, superimposed preeclampsia) are the most common medical complications of pregnancy and constitute a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prediction of those women destined to develop preeclampsia remains elus...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Witlin AG,Sibai BM

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following its early entry into the central nervous system (CNS), HIV-1 alters cerebral cell architecture and may subsequently affect higher cognitive functions, leading eventually in some patients to HIV-1 encephalopathy. The CNS may also be the target of opportunistic infections and malignancy secondary to HIV-1 immu...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Bridge TP,Ingraham LJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The standard of care for the evaluation of axillary nodal involvement remains complete lymph node dissection. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy are changing this long-held paradigm; indeed, several leading institutions already reserve complete axillary dissection for patients with metastasis to th...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Cox CE,Bass SS,McCann CR,Ku NN,Berman C,Durand K,Bolano M,Wang J,Peltz E,Cox S,Salud C,Reintgen DS,Lyman GH

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00