Abstract:
:Infection of receptor-bearing cells by coronaviruses is mediated by their spike (S) proteins. The coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infects cells expressing the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here we show that codon optimization of the SARS-CoV S-protein gene substantially enhanced S-protein expression. We also found that two retroviruses, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and murine leukemia virus, both expressing green fluorescent protein and pseudotyped with SARS-CoV S protein or S-protein variants, efficiently infected HEK293T cells stably expressing ACE2. Infection mediated by an S-protein variant whose cytoplasmic domain had been truncated and altered to include a fragment of the cytoplasmic tail of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein was, in both cases, substantially more efficient than that mediated by wild-type S protein. Using S-protein-pseudotyped SIV, we found that the enzymatic activity of ACE2 made no contribution to S-protein-mediated infection. Finally, we show that a soluble and catalytically inactive form of ACE2 potently blocked infection by S-protein-pseudotyped retrovirus and by SARS-CoV. These results permit studies of SARS-CoV entry inhibitors without the use of live virus and suggest a candidate therapy for SARS.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Moore MJ,Dorfman T,Li W,Wong SK,Li Y,Kuhn JH,Coderre J,Vasilieva N,Han Z,Greenough TC,Farzan M,Choe Hdoi
10.1128/JVI.78.19.10628-10635.2004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
10628-35issue
19eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
78/19/10628journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are respiratory pathogens with neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent properties, highlighting the importance of studying the potential implication of these viruses in neurological diseases. The OC43 strain (HCoV-OC43) was reported to induce neuronal cell death, which may participate ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01513-16
更新日期:2016-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::The simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (Tag) is a virus-encoded oncoprotein which is the target of a strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. Three immunodominant H-2(b)-restricted epitopes, designated epitopes I, II/III, and IV, have been defined. We investigated whether induction of CTLs directed agains...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.7.5981-5993.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a gammaherpesvirus that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma. KSHV encodes K-bZIP (open reading frame K8), a protein that belongs to the basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors. Here we show that K-bZIP associates with ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.24.11977-11982.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genomic RNA 3' noncoding region is believed to be a major cis-acting molecular genetic determinant for regulating picornavirus negative-strand RNA synthesis by promoting replication complex recognition. We report the replication of two picornavirus RNAs harboring complete deletions of the genomic RNA 3' noncoding ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.11.8868-8874.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genome of the simian virus 40 (SV40) temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant tsD202 rescued by passage on transformed permissive monkey lines (see accompanying paper [Y. Gluzman et al., J. Virol. 24:534-540, 1977]) was analyzed by restriction endonuclease cleavage mapping to obtain biochemical evidence that the rescue o...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.24.2.541-550.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of Flaviviridae utilize several endocytic pathways to enter a variety of host cells. Our previous work showed that classical swine fever virus (CSFV) enters porcine kidney (PK-15) cells through a clathrin-dependent pathway that requires Rab5 and Rab7. The entry mechanism for CSFV into other cell lines rema...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00797-18
更新日期:2018-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The sole immediate-early (IE) gene of equine herpesvirus 1 encodes a 1,487-amino-acid (aa) regulatory phosphoprotein that independently activates expression of early viral genes. Coimmunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that the IE protein physically interacts with the general transcription factor TFIIB. Using a vari...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.21.10219-10230.2001
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) mutant Ad2ts111 has previously been shown to contain two mutations which result in a complex phenotype. Ad2ts111 contains a single base change in the early region 1B (E1B) 19,000-molecular-weight (19K) coding region which yields a cyt deg phenotype and another defect which maps to the...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.57.3.883-892.1986
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 10 recognized prototype strains of the porcine enterovirus (PEV) cytopathic effect (CPE) group I reveals a close relationship of the viral genomes to the previously sequenced strain F65, supporting the concept of a reclassification of this virus group into a new picor...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.4.1620-1631.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::All presently available replication-competent proviral clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are derived from cell culture-amplified virus. Since tissue culture is highly selective for viral strains with an in vitro growth advantage, such clones may not be representative of the biologically relevant vi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.8.3973-3985.1991
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses (order Mononegavirales) include many important human pathogens. The order of their genes, which is highly conserved, is the major determinant of the relative levels of gene expression, since genes that are close to the single promoter site at the 3' end of the viral genome ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.6.4705-4712.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral interference studies have demonstrated the existence of four distinct murine leukemia virus (MuLV) receptors on NIH 3T3 mouse cells. The four viral interference groups are ecotropic MuLV; mink cell focus inducing virus (MCF); amphotropic MuLV; and 10A1, a recombinant derivative of amphotropic MuLV that uses a un...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.2.757-766.1990
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vaccinia virus H2R gene (VACWR 100) is conserved in all sequenced members of the poxvirus family and encodes a protein with a predicted transmembrane domain and four invariant cysteines. A recombinant vaccinia virus, in which expression of the H2 protein is stringently regulated, was unable to replicate without in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.8.4744-4754.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between the oncogenic retrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and dendritic cells (DCs) are poorly characterized. We show here that monocyte-derived DCs form syncytia and are infected upon coculture with HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes. We examined the role of DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonint...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.10.4771-4780.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication and transcription activator (RTA) (also referred to as ORF50), an immediate-early gene product of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/(human herpesvirus 8), plays a critical role in balancing the viral life cycle between latency and lytic replication. RTA has been shown to act as a strong transc...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.17.9451-9462.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The family Anelloviridae includes human and animal torque teno viruses (TTVs) with extensive genetic diversity. The antigenic diversity among anelloviruses has never been assessed. Using torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) as a model, we describe here the first investigation of the antigenic relationships among different an...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00176-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Since the 1960s, simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV; Nidovirales, Arteriviridae) has caused highly fatal outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fever in captive Asian macaque colonies. However, the source(s) of these outbreaks and the natural reservoir(s) of this virus remain obscure. Here we report the identifica...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02203-14
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The release of Bluetongue virus (BTV) and other members of the Orbivirus genus from infected host cells occurs predominantly by cell lysis, and in some cases, by budding from the plasma membrane. Two nonstructural proteins, NS3 and NS3A, have been implicated in this process. Here we show that both proteins bind to hum...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.1.460-473.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus 1 genome consists of two covalently linked components, L and S, that invert relative to each other to yield four equimolar isomeric populations designated P (prototype), Is (inversion of S component), Il (inversion of L component), and Ils (inversion of L and S components) differing in the orienta...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.59.2.494-499.1986
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have designed a ribozyme that cleaves human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in U5 (at nucleotide +115). This ribozyme was tested in vitro and was found to give efficient and specific digestion of RNA containing the HIV-1 U5 sequence. When the U5 ribozyme was placed into the HIV-1 genome, virus replication...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.3.1432-1441.1992
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The four temperature-sensitive (ts) loci identified in the PB1 and PB2 gene segments of cold-adapted A/Ann Arbor/6/60 influenza virus, the master donor virus for influenza A virus (MDV-A) FluMist vaccines, were introduced into a divergent A/Puerto Rico/8/34 influenza virus strain. Recombinant A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.78.2.995-998.2004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have tested triple and quadruple combinations of human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), which are directed against various epitopes on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins, and a high-titer anti-HIV-1 human immunoglobulin (HIVIG) preparation for their abilities to neutralize a chimeric si...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.4.3235-3240.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substitution of a methionine residue at position 79 in poliovirus protein 3A with valine or threonine caused defective viral RNA synthesis, manifested as delayed onset and reduced yield of viral RNA, in HeLa cells transfected with a luciferase-containing replicon. Viruses containing these same mutations produced small...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.23.12679-12691.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of viral RNA by wild-type vesicular stomatitis virus (L(1)VSV) and a small, plaque-size mutant (S(2)VSV) was studied in vitro and in chicken embryo (CE) and mouse L-cell cultures. Virus-specific RNA synthesized in CE or L cells infected with either L(1) or S(2)VSV at low multiplicity was of the same size...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.12.2.253-264.1973
更新日期:1973-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthesis of cytoplasmic viral RNA was studied during infection of cultured human (KB) cells with adenovirus 2. At 6 h, before viral DNA synthesis began 5% of the poly(A)-containing RNA hybridized to viral DNA; by 12 h and at later times more than 80% was virus specified. At 18 h after infection, four major size class...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.15.1.137-144.1975
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In contrast to many viruses, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is unable to productively infect most cancer-derived cell lines. The mechanisms of this restriction are unclear. To explore this issue, we tested whether defined oncogenic alleles, including the simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen (TAg) and oncogenic H-R...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00179-16
更新日期:2016-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::F111 rat cells transformed by simian virus 40 mutant tsA1499 are cold sensitive for the expression of transformation. Yet, unlike F111 cells transformed by tsA58, they do not lose the ability to stabilize the transformation-associated host cell protein p53 at the temperature at which transformation is extinguished. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.49.3.997-1001.1984
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:While numerous viral microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed by DNA viruses, especially herpesvirus family members, have been reported, there have been very few reports of miRNAs derived from RNA viruses. Here we describe three miRNAs expressed by bovine foamy virus (BFV), a member of the spumavirus subfamily of retrov...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03587-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abelson murine leukemia virus (Ab-MLV) encodes the v-Abl protein tyrosine kinase and induces transformation of immortalized fibroblast lines and pre-B cells. Temperature-sensitive mutations affecting the kinase domain of the protein have demonstrated that the kinase activity is absolutely required for transformation. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.4.1816-1823.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A human lymphoid cell line (F172-D8) excreting a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) anti-gp41 monoclonal antibody was used to construct a plasmid containing the cDNA of the single-chain variable fragment (scFvD8) corresponding to this antibody. A stable human osteosarcoma cell line was obtained which expresse...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.12.5712-5715.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00