Abstract:
:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exists as a complex population of multiple genotypic variants in persons with chronic infection. However, acute HIV-1 infection via sexual transmission is a low-probability event in which there is thought to be low genetic complexity in the initial inoculum. In order to assess the viral complexity present during primary HIV-1 infection, the V1/V2 and V3 variable regions of the env gene were examined by using a heteroduplex tracking assay (HTA) capable of resolving these genotypic variants. Blood plasma samples from 26 primary HIV-1-infected subjects were analyzed for their level of diversity. Half of the subjects had more than one V1/V2 viral variant during primary infection, indicating the frequent transmission of multiple variants. This observation is inconsistent with the idea of infrequent transmission based on a small transmitting inoculum of cell-free virus. In chronically infected subjects, the complexity of the viral populations was even greater in both the V1/V2 and the V3 regions than in acutely infected subjects, indicating that in spite of the presence of multiple variants in acute infection, the virus does pass through a genetic bottleneck during transmission. We also examined how well the infecting virus penetrated different anatomical compartments by using the HTA. Viral variants detected in blood plasma were compared to those detected in seminal plasma and/or cerebral spinal fluid of six individuals. The virus in each of these compartments was to a large extent identical to virus in blood plasma, a finding consistent with rapid penetration of the infecting variant(s). The low-probability transmission of multiple variants could be the result of transient periods of hyperinfectiousness or hypersusceptibility. Alternatively, the inefficient transfer of a multiply infected cell could account for both the low probability of transmission and the transfer of multiple variants.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Ritola K,Pilcher CD,Fiscus SA,Hoffman NG,Nelson JA,Kitrinos KM,Hicks CB,Eron JJ Jr,Swanstrom Rdoi
10.1128/JVI.78.20.11208-11218.2004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
11208-18issue
20eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
78/20/11208journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The prevailing hypothesis is that the intracellular site of budding of coronaviruses is determined by the localization of its membrane protein M (previously called E1). We tested this by analyzing the site of budding of four different coronaviruses in relation to the intracellular localization of their M proteins. Mou...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.10.6523-6534.1994
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journal_title:Journal of virology
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doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1402-1406.1990
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.8.3353-3361.1989
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.2.642-650.1990
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00961-12
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01396-16
更新日期:2016-10-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.6.2667-2673.1989
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.11.4857-4865.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glycoproteins of several enveloped viruses, grown in a variety of cell types, are labeled with 35SO4(-2), whereas the nonglycosylated proteins are not. This was shown for the HN and F glycoproteins of SV5 and Sendai virus, the E1 and E2 glycoproteins of Sindbis virus, and for the major glycoprotein, gp69, as well ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.16.4.859-866.1975
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.11.6859-6864.1995
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.6.3095-3105.1991
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.10.5237-5243.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.12.7777-7784.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.23.1.117-125.1977
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00238-09
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The successful use of a dendrimeric peptide to protect pigs against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which causes the most devastating animal disease worldwide, is described. Animals were immunized intramuscularly with a peptide containing one copy of a FMDV T-cell epitope and branching out into fou...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00401-08
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.49.2.452-458.1984
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Foamy viruses (FVs) are complex retroviruses that establish lifelong persistent infection without evident pathology. However, the roles of cellular factors in FV latency are poorly understood. This study revealed that N-Myc interactor (Nmi) could inhibit the replication of prototype foamy virus (PFV). Overex...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00799-14
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent in vitro proteomics screens revealed that many host proteins could interact with the replication proteins of Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), which is a small, plus-stranded RNA virus (Z. Li, D. Barajas, T. Panavas, D. A. Herbst, and P. D. Nagy, J. Virol. 82:6911-6926, 2008). To further our understanding of the...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00789-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00