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Drugs with antihistaminic properties as a cause of atypical cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Although an association between antihistaminic drugs and atypical cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates has not been reported previously, in vitro evidence suggests that these agents perturb certain lymphoid functions through binding to histamine receptors, including a novel growth-promoting intracellular histamine receptor, designated HIC. OBJECTIVE:We studied the clinical findings and histopathologic findings in 14 patients taking antihistaminic drugs in whom atypical cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates developed. METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and histologic features of these patients' skin lesions. RESULTS:The clinical presentations included solitary or multiple nodules and plaques, and multiple papules. In some patients a temporal association between drug therapy and clinical course was observed, as the lesions improved or resolved after a decrease or discontinuation of the drug. Eleven patients were taking two or more medications that in vitro are associated with alterations in lymphocyte function, including agents without antihistaminic properties. A diagnosis of pseudolymphoma seemed clinically apposite in seven of the 14 patients on the basis of either resolution of the eruption or presentation of a solitary nodule that did not recur after excision. Histologic analysis showed four distinct morphologies: mycosis fungoides-like, nodular dermal infiltrates consistent with either lymphocytoma cutis or lymphoma cutis, lymphomatoid vascular reaction, and follicular mucinosis. Common to cases showing the first pattern were histologic features suggesting a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, thus enabling their distinction from mycosis fungoides. The infiltrates were predominantly of T-cell phenotype. CONCLUSION:Antihistamines are associated with atypical lymphoid hyperplasia in some patients. The antihistaminic drug may not be the provocative agent per se; rather, a drug-induced immunodysregulatory state may render an abnormal immune response to some other exogenous antigen. Multidrug therapy with these and other agents known to exert immunomodulatory effects may increase susceptibility to the development of atypical lymphoid hyperplasia and malignant lymphoma.

journal_name

J Am Acad Dermatol

journal_title

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

authors

Magro CM,Crowson AN

doi

10.1016/0190-9622(95)90063-2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-03-01 00:00:00

pages

419-28

issue

eissn

0190-9622

issn

1097-6787

pii

0190-9622(95)90063-2

journal_volume

pub_type

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Drugs with antihistaminic properties as a cause of atypical cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia.