Abstract：
:The authors present analyses of data from three independent clinical series and controls indicating an association between working in occupations with probable medium to high exposure to extremely low frequency (< 300 Hz) electromagnetic fields and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Case-control analyses were carried out using data from patients examined at the following locations: the Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 1982-1985; the Koskela Hospital in Helsinki, 1977-1978; and the University of Southern California site of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of Los Angeles and Orange Counties, 1984-1993. The predominant occupations among medium (2-10 mG or > 10 mG intermittently) to high (> 10 mG or > 100 mG intermittently) exposed cases were seamstress, dressmaker, and tailor. The results appear to be independent of education, and the sex-combined odds ratios for the three series are quite homogeneous: 2.9, 3.1, and 3.0. The odds ratio for the three series analyzed together is 3.0 (p < 0.001), with a 95% confidence interval of 1.6-5.4. The odds ratio for women is 3.8 (p < 0.001), with a 95% confidence interval of 1.7-8.6. The most obvious, possibly etiologically relevant exposure is that of electromagnetic fields, which may have biologic plausibility because they may adversely influence calcium homeostasis and/or inappropriately activate immune system cells such as microglial cells, initiating events that result in neuronal degeneration.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Sobel E,Davanipour Z,Sulkava R,Erkinjuntti T,Wikstrom J,Henderson VW,Buckwalter G,Bowman JD,Lee PJdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117669subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-09-01 00:00:00pages
515-24issue
5eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The involvement of organophosphate insecticides in cognitive disorders is supported by epidemiologic and biological evidence, but the effects of long-term exposure remain debated. We studied the association between organophosphate exposure and cognitive performance in vine workers from the PHYTONER study cohort in the...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws346
更新日期：2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A few epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk of death from external causes among men with hypertension. Previous studies were limited by small numbers of events, however, and none assessed the association of blood pressure with specific types of "accidental" death. The authors examined data obtained from b...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kwk014
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ambient levels of particulate matter have been linked to cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms mediating these associations are poorly understood. One candidate mechanism is inflammation. Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2000-2002), the authors investigated the relation between exposure to p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwj186
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008847
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since a positive association between blood pressure and plasma glucose level in child populations has been observed previously, we studied this relationship in a stratified random sample of children ages 7-15 years drawn from a total geographic population. We stratified this population (N = 3524) by diastolic blood pr...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113103
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While survey-based data on firearm ownership are essential for epidemiologic studies of the relation between gun ownership and injuries, the validity of respondent answers to questions about gun ownership has not been confirmed. In order to assess the accuracy of interview data about firearms, in June to August 1987, ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115600
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the differences in cancer incidence between boys and girls. The incidence data for pediatric cancers were retrieved from the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer project (1990-2015). Poisson regression was applied to detect the sex differences in cancer incidence at global and regional levels. B...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz058
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu182
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115693
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a scientific discipline, epidemiology has helped liberate the practice of public health and medicine from dogmatic thinking over the past century. This commentary highlights some integrating principles to explain why epidemiology is a problem-solving discipline. The first of these is that epidemiology is an informa...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn311
更新日期：2009-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg020
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwj035
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn348
更新日期：2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that women with a family history of breast cancer run a higher risk of breast cancer than do women without a family history. The evidence, however, is less clear regarding a possible association between a family history of breast cancer and risk of second primaries. The purpose of this prospecti...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116566
更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Vital statistics data for the United States for the years 1972-1978 have been analyzed for variation in frequency of suicide by month, day of the week, day of the month, and phase of the lunar cycle. Frequency of suicide showed a peak in the spring months, a lesser peak in the fall and was lowest in December. Suicide ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113608
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all pregnant women be questioned concerning risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection and that those giving positive responses be serotested. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of those recommended questions among 692 parturient women ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114680
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, the authors use the rubric of "coarsened data," of which missing and censored data are special cases, to motivate the elicitation and use of expert information for performing sensitivity analyses of censored event-time data. Elicited information is important because observed data are insufficient to est...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn265
更新日期：2008-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:While studies show that ultrafine and fine particles can be translocated from the lungs to the central nervous system, the possible neurodegenerative effect of air pollution remains largely unexplored. The authors examined the relation between black carbon, a marker for traffic particles, and cognition among 202 Bosto...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm308
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three measures of spatial clustering (Moran's I, Geary's c, and a rank adjacency statistic, D) were evaluated for their power to detect regional patterns in health data. The patterns represented various environmental effects: a latitude gradient; residence near a contaminated water supply; disease "hot spots"; relatio...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116553
更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Many smokers believe that electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and pharmaceutical cessation aids can help them quit smoking or reduce cigarette consumption, but the evidence for e-cigarettes to aid quitting is limited. Examining 3,093 quit attempters in the nationally representative US Population Assessment of ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy129
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common worldwide perinatal infection. Although usually asymptomatic, it may cause deafness in up to 15% of these infants. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the age-specific prevalence of CMV seropositivity in Chinese children and to determine if any risk factors for infectio...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115467
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In randomized controlled trials, the intention-to-treat estimator provides an unbiased estimate of the causal effect of treatment assignment on the outcome. However, patients often want to know what the effect would be if they were to take the treatment as prescribed (the patient-oriented effect), and several research...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv065
更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The methods used for selecting subjects yield three types of case-control studies: 1) incident cases are compared to non-cases chosen to be representative of the exposure distribution among the person-years which produced the cases. In this type of study the exposure-odds ratio equals the incidence density ratio; 2) i...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112614
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A population-based cohort of 166 twin pairs (67 monozygotic and 99 dizygotic) born at the Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Medical Center, from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1980 was identified. Body weight and length were measured at 14 days and at one, three, six, nine, and 12 months of age. Statisticall...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114730
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G-estimation is a flexible, semiparametric approach for estimating exposure effects in epidemiologic studies. It has several underappreciated advantages over other propensity score-based methods popular in epidemiology, which we review in this article. However, it is rarely used in practice, due to a lack of off-the-s...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx347
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence concerning the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of colorectal cancer remains controversial. The authors assessed the association of H. pylori seroprevalence with risk of colorectal cancer in a large population-based case-control study from Germany in 2003-2007. Serum antibodies to H. p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr331
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Personnel assigned to infantry units of the army of the Republic of China (Taiwan) stationed in the Pescadores Islands experienced the highest incidence rate of scrub typhus (4%) and the highest rate of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection (12%) of the units studied during 1976. The ratio of scrub typhus to infection wi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112448
更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P-450 1A1 gene (CYP1A1) may affect the relation between environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and breast cancer risk. The authors report results from a case-control study evaluating the potential effect of gen...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh346
更新日期：2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Power considerations for trials evaluating vaccines against infectious diseases are complicated by indirect protective effects of vaccination. While cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs) are less statistically efficient than individually randomized controlled trials (iRCTs), a cRCT's ability to measure direct a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy047
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The literature concerning social capital and health has grown exponentially during the past somewhat more than 10 years. The study by Kouvonen et al. (Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:1143-1151) is a longitudinal multilevel analysis of 33,577 public sector employees in Finland. The study shows a significant association between...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn070
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
