Abstract：
:RNA secondary structure is important in a wide variety of biological processes, but relatively little is known about the pathways and kinetics of RNA folding. When the IS10 transposase (tnp) gene is transcribed from a promoter outside the element, little increase in tnp expression is observed. This protection from outside transcription (pot) occurs at the translational level, presumably resulting from mRNA secondary structure proposed to sequester the tnp ribosome-binding site. Here, we confirm the pot RNA structure and show that it blocks 30S ribosomal subunit binding in vitro. Point mutations that abolish protection in vivo map to the pot structure. Surprisingly, these pot mutations do not severely alter the pot secondary structure or increase 30S subunit binding in vitro, except in one case. Using an oligonucleotide hybridization assay, we show that most of the pot mutations slow the kinetics of pot structure formation, with little or no effect on the inhibitory function of the final structure. Moreover, a suppressor mutation reverses this effect. We propose a pathway for pot mRNA folding that is consistent with the mutations and implicates the formation of important kinetic intermediates. The significance of these observations for the RNA folding problem in general is discussed.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Ma CK,Kolesnikow T,Rayner JC,Simons EL,Yim H,Simons RWdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01337.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-12-01 00:00:00pages
1033-47issue
5eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nodularia spumigena is a filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium that forms toxic blooms in brackish water bodies worldwide. Spumigins are serine protease inhibitors reported from a single strain of N. spumigena isolated from the Baltic Sea. These linear tetrapeptides contain non-proteinogenic amino acids including...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06816.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethionamide (ETH) is an important second-line antitubercular drug used for the treatment of patients infected with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although ETH is a structural analogue of isoniazid, only little cross-resistance to these two drugs is observed among clinical isolates. Both isoniazid and ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03809.x
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recurring theme in morphogenesis is the coupling of the expression of genes that drive morphogenesis and the morphogenetic process per se. This coupling ensures that gene expression and morphogenesis are carried out in synchrony. Morphogenesis of the spore-filled fruiting bodies in Myxococcus xanthus illustrates thi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03399.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surface of Trypanosoma brucei is covered by a dense coat of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoproteins. The major component is the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) which is glycosylated by both paucimannose and oligomannose N-glycans. Surface glycans are poorly accessible and killing mediated by peptide...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12359
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of how obligate intracellular pathogens co-opt eukaryotic cellular functions has been limited by their intractability to genetic manipulation and by the abundance of pathogen-specific genes with no known functional homologues. In this report we describe a gene expression system to characterize protei...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05074.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis containing multiple methylbranched fatty acids play critical roles in pathogenesis and thus offer targets for new antimycobacterial drugs. Mycocerosicacid synthase gene (mas) encodes the enzyme that produces one class of such acids. Seven mas-like genes (msls) were identi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03119.x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA processing reactions often involve multiple components acting in concert to achieve the desired outcome. However, it is usually difficult to know how the components communicate and cooperate to orchestrate an ordered series of events. We address this question in the context of the Tn 10 transposition reaction, in ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05432.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1) is exposed on the surface of infected erythrocytes where it both acts as an important pathogenicity factor in malaria and undergoes antigenic variation as a means of immune evasion. Because the mammalian erythrocyte lacks a protein secretory machinery ther...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04468.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phospholipid homeostasis of the bacterial membrane is maintained by biochemical regulation of the synthesis enzymes depending on the environment. However, genes encoding phospholipid synthesis enzymes might also be regulated during stress responses, in order for the bacteria to adapt their growth to changing environme...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07641.x
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progress towards understanding the molecular basis of virulence in Clostridium difficile has been hindered by the lack of effective gene transfer systems. We have now, for the first time, developed procedures that may be used to introduce autonomously replicating vectors into this organism through their conjugative, o...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03134.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ferrichrome-iron is actively transported across the outer membrane of Escherichia coli by the TonB-dependent receptor FhuA. To obtain FhuA in a form suitable for secondary-structure analyses, a hexahistidine tag was inserted into a surface-located site and the recombinant protein was purified by metal chelate chromato...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.00112.x
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although diminutive in size, bacteria possess highly diverse and spatially confined cellular structures. Two related alphaproteobacteria, Sinorhizobium meliloti and Caulobacter crescentus, serve as models for investigating the genetic basis of morphological variations. S. meliloti, a symbiont of leguminous plants, syn...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08064.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural sequence variation was investigated among serogroup A subgroup IV-1 Neisseria meningitidis isolated from diseased patients and healthy carriers in The Gambia, West Africa. The frequencies of DNA import were analysed by sequencing fragments of four linked genes encoding the immunogenic outer membrane proteins T...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01932.x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In prokaryotes, the principal signal transduction systems operating at the level of protein phosphorylation are the two-component systems. A number of hybrid histidine protein kinases in these systems contain several receiver domains, however, the function of these receiver domains is unknown. The RodK kinase in Myxoc...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05118.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Initiation and re-initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in bacteria rely on divergent multiprotein assemblies, which direct the functional delivery of the replicative helicase on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) at specific sites. These two processes are triggered either at the single chromosomal origin oriC or at arre...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04451.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:clpC of Bacillus subtilis is part of an operon containing six genes. Northern blot analysis suggested that all genes are co-transcribed and encode stress-inducible proteins. Two promoters (PA and PB) were mapped upstream of the first gene. PA resembles promoters recognized by the vegetative RNA polymerase E sigma A. T...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02511.x
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genome of the Bacillus subtilis 168-type strain contains 10 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) operons. In the intergenic spacer region (ISR) between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes, five rRNA operons, rrnI-H-G and rrnJ-W, lack a trinucleotide signature region. Precise determination of molecular weight (MW), using electrospray mass ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02600.x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to identify molecules that might be responsible for the difference in pathogenicity between the two closely related protozoan parasites Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar, we focussed on cysteine proteinases because this class of enzymes has been considered important for pathogenic tissue destruction....
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.00111.x
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erwinia chrysanthemi causes soft-rot diseases of various plants by enzymatic degradation of the pectin in plant cell walls. The linear regions of pectin are composed of an acidic sugar, D-galacturonic acid. The ramified regions of pectin also include neutral sugars, and are rich in L-rhamnose residues. E. chrysanthemi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03908.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequence-inherent targeting information directs polypeptides synthesized in the cytosol to their respective cellular compartment. Some proteins use ambiguous sorting signals or specific folding properties to be dually distributed between the cytosol and mitochondria. A study published in this issue of Molecular Microb...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06660.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several Fusarium species produce the polyketide mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA), a causative agent of hyperestrogenic syndrome in animals that is often found in F. graminearum-infected cereals in temperate regions. The ZEA biosynthetic cluster genes PKS4, PKS13, ZEB1 and ZEB2 encode a reducing polyketide synthase, a non-r...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13078
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycelial fungi play a central role in element cycling in nature by degrading dead organic material such as wood. Fungal colonization of a substrate starts with the invasion of exploring hyphae. These hyphae secrete enzymes that convert the organic material into small molecules that can be taken up by the fungus to ser...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04869.x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A transposon mutant of Escherichia coli 5K was isolated which reduced 10- to 50-fold the secreted extracellular haemolytic activity of cells carrying the complete hlyCABD operon while leaving unaffected the intracellular haemolytic activity and the levels of intracellular and extracellular haemolysin protein, HlyA. Th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00948.x
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many proteins have developed the potential to sequester a client polypeptide chain in its various folding states as a specific intermolecular ligand and, thus, exhibit the properties of a holding chaperone. The resulting complexes can be of a diverse nature in terms of structure and reaction dynamics and are character...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05349.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The type-VII ESX-1 secretion apparatus, encoded by the esx-1 genetic locus, is essential for the export of EsxA and EsxB, two major virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ESX-1 also requires the products of the unlinked espACD operon for optimal function and these proteins are considered integral parts of th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12336
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:polY, a transcriptional regulatory gene in the polyoxin biosynthetic cluster of Streptomyces cacaoi, was analysed, and its deduced product (PolY) showed amino acid sequence homology to AfsR from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). PolY contains an OmpR-like DNA binding domain at its N-terminal and an ATPase domain in the m...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06968.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The important human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (the group A streptococcus or GAS) causes diseases ranging from mild, self-limiting pharyngitis to severe invasive infections. Regulation of the expression of GAS genes in response to specific environmental differences within the host is probably key in determining t...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02657.x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae responds to environ-mental stimuli such as an exposure to pheromone or to hexoses after carbon source limitation with a transient elevation of cytosolic calcium (TECC) response. In this study, we examined whether hexose transport and phosphorylation are necessary for the TECC response. We foun...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02956.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For malaria to be transmitted, the Plasmodium falciparum parasite must invade an erythrocyte and undergo gametocytogenesis. When mature intraerythrocytic gametocytes are taken up in a blood meal by a mosquito they emerge as gametes and, once fertilized, continue to differentiate into infectious sporozoites. One of the...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02986.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria can respond to a variety of environmental stimuli by means of systems generally composed of two proteins. The first protein (sensor or transmitter) is usually a transmembrane protein with cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic domains. The extracytoplasmic domain (sensor) senses the environment and transfers the si...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00152.x
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
