Abstract：
:Subcutaneous injection of a sublethal dose of chlorpyrifos (CHLP), an organophosphate (OP) pesticide, causes long-term inhibition in cholinesterase activity (ChE) of brain, blood, and other tissues. Such prolonged inhibition in ChE should lead to marked behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory patterns, especially in terms of altered noradrenergic and cholinergic sensitivity. To evaluate the behavioral and autonomic effects of long-term ChE inhibition, Long-Evans rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that continuously monitored core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA). These parameters were monitored for 7 days following a single injection of peanut oil (vehicle control) or 280 mg/kg CHLP. CHLP led to a significant reduction in Tc during the first night after treatment but had no other effects on Tc. CHLP also resulted in a significant elevation in HR which lasted for approximately 72 h. Motor activity was unaffected by CHLP. Cholinergic and noradrenergic drug sensitivity was assessed between 7 and 25 days after CHLP. CHLP-treated rats were more sensitive to norepinephrine as based on a greater hyperthermic response. MA of CHLP-treated rats was more sensitive to scopolamine. On the other hand, the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine (0.4 mg/kg) were nearly abolished by CHLP treatment, indicating tolerance to cholinergic stimulation. The tachycardic effects of methyscopolamine were also greater in the CHLP group. Overall, the acute effects of CHLP are unusual compared to other OP's in that there is no hypothermic response, an attenuated nocturnal elevation in Tc and a prolonged elevation in HR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Neurotoxicol Teratoljournal_title
Neurotoxicology and teratologyauthors
Gordon CJdoi
10.1016/0892-0362(94)90002-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-9issue
1eissn
0892-0362issn
1872-9738journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The reduction in growth resulting from lead (PB) exposure in weanling rats is consistent with a lowering of the biological set-point for food intake. In this study the effects of lead on the patterns of food intake were examined. For 10 days (from ages 26 to 36 days), female rats were provided with drinking water cont...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(94)90040-x
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of preweaning experience in rats and mice on neuroendocrine and behavioral end points and their implications for prenatal drug effects are reviewed. The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and the dopaminergic system were shown to be affected. Behavior related to hippocampal, adrenocortical functions and to...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00051-3
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal smoking during pregnancy greatly enhances perinatal morbidity/mortality and is the major risk factor for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Studies in developing rodents indicate that nicotine is a neuroteratogen that targets monoamine pathways involved in the responses to hypoxia that are in turn, hypothes...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2011.02.001
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The postnatal behavioral effects of 0.20, 0.62 and 2.0 mg/kg cadmium chloride administered to pregnant CFY rats on gestational days 7 through 15 were evaluated. Offspring were tested starting on postnatal day 23 on a rotorod for motor coordination, in an open field device for motor activity and emotionality, in a wate...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(90)90130-5
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A reduction in the activity of GABAA receptors, particularly α5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (α5GABAARs), has been implicated in the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Genetically modified mice that lack α5GABAARs (Gabra5-/-) exhibit autism-like behaviors and both enhanced and impaired learning and mem...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.10.009
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the United States, the regulation and testing of chemicals that may impact on human health is mandated by a number of different laws and regulated by several government agencies. Toxicologic screening in laboratory animals has created a major database for predicting adverse health effects of drugs, food and cosmeti...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(87)90052-3
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfites, which are commonly used as preservatives, are continuously formed in the body during metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. Sulfite is oxidized to sulfate ion by sulfite oxidase (SOX, EC. 1.8.3.1). The aim of this study was to investigate the possible toxic effects of sulfite on neurons by measuring ac...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2004.10.002
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether there is an association between moderate alcohol consumption in the first trimester of pregnancy and increased risk of fetal malformations, we conducted a literature search using Medline (1966-present), PsycLit (1974-1995), and EMBASE (1988-1995). The following inclusion criteria were used to sele...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00073-1
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the impact of both perinatal maternal depression and cocaine use on infant neurobehavior at 1 month of age in a large, multi-site study. METHODS:Infant neurobehavior was examined in 1053 infants at 1 month of age using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). Mothers were int...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2006.12.001
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of possible undue neurobehavioral effects of low-level lead exposure was performed in Danish school children who entered first grade in 1982. Lead absorption was found to relate to impaired psychological test performance and difficulties at school. However, this relationship was confounded by medical risk fact...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(88)90089-x
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty nondrug-exposed infants and 74 cocaine/polydrug-exposed infants were evaluated on the Movement Assessment of Infants (MAI). The test provides an assessment of risk for motor dysfunction at age 4 months. There was a significant difference in total risk scores between the two groups of infants with cocaine-exposed...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(92)90057-h
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of inhalation exposure to toluene (3700 mg/m3, 1000 ppm, 21 h/day, 5 days/week, during 4 weeks) on male Sprague-Dawley rats was tested. A wide range of test situations was used, including an operant test with baseline performance and extinction, motor coordination, and exploratory activity. All tests were m...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(91)90052-x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we used a rat model of graded perinatal asphyxia to study the long-term consequences of this manipulation on rat maternal behavior at adulthood. Rats were delivered by cesarean (C) section and the pups, still in the uterus horns, were placed into a water bath at 37 degrees C for periods of 0 (controls) o...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(03)00035-7
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We have previously reported the inverse associations between in utero levels of lead (Pb), arsenic (As) (i.e., toxic elements), and neurodevelopmental indicators (i.e., motor and state regulation cluster score) measured by the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, third edition (NBAS III) in this c...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2013.12.006
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measures of visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), rather than traditional measures of visual acuity using high-contrast stimuli, have been presented as better appraisals of visual dysfunction resulting from chemical exposures. The present study sought to determine if differences exist between two available measures of co...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2003.10.007
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism is a heterogeneous developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, impaired communication skills, and restricted and repetitive behavior. The abnormal behaviors of these patients can make their anesthetic and perioperative management difficult. Evidence in the literature suggests that some ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.11.002
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC; a marker for perturbed cell development), the blood alcohol level, and alcohol-induced microencephaly in the developing rat brain after binge treatment with ethanol vapour. By manipulating ethanol flow we were ab...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00135-9
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of subchronic exposure to lanthanum on rats' physical and neurobehavioral development were investigated. Wistar rats were exposed to lanthanum through oral administration at 0, 0.1, 2, and 40 mg/kg concentrations from gestation day 0 through 5 months of age. Prior to weaning of the pups, physical parameter...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2005.10.007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrethroids are pesticides with high insecticidal activity and relatively low potency in mammals. The influence of dosing volume on the neurobehavioral syndrome following oral acute exposure to the Type-I pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin in corn oil was evaluated in adult male Long Evans rats. We tested bifenthrin ef...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2007.01.007
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reversible protein phosphorylation is a central mechanism regulating many biological functions, and abnormal protein phosphorylation can have a devastating impact on cellular control mechanisms, including a contributing role in neurodegenerative processes. Hence, many promising novel drug development strategies involv...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2003.12.007
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical thickness abnormalities have been identified in youth using both alcohol and marijuana. However, limited studies have followed individuals pre- and post initiation of alcohol and marijuana use to help identify to what extent discrepancies in structural brain integrity are pre-existing or substance-related. Ad...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.09.005
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the toxic effects of lead have been recognized for millennia, it has remained a significant public health concern due to its continued use and toxicological potential. Of particular interest is the increased susceptibility of young children to the toxic effects of lead. Although the exact mechanism(s) for lead t...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2011.05.006
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory-evoked potentials (EPs) were studied in male Long-Evans and Fischer-344 rats in order to characterize the electrophysiological consequences of chronic inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE). Groups of ten Long-Evans rats were exposed to air or 1600 ppm or 3200 ppm TCE for twelve weeks and evaluated per...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(91)90031-q
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experimental groups and one control group of Long-Evans rats were used to study the combined effects of toluene and ethanol on auditory function. The first experimental group was exposed to toluene vapors (1750 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks), the second one was daily gavaged with a saline solution of ethano...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00093-7
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following the passage of the Food Quality Protection Act, which mandated an increased focus on evaluating the potential toxicity of pesticides to children, the number of guideline developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) studies (OPPTS 870.6300) submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Pesticide ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2010.04.053
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This longitudinal study evaluated whether the level of intrauterine cocaine exposure (IUCE) or the interaction between IUCE and contextual variables was related during middle childhood to executive functioning, as assessed with the Stroop Color-Word and Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure tests. The Stroop Interference scor...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2008.12.002
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were chronically treated with 0, 4, 6, or 8 ppm of methylmercury chloride (MeHg) in drinking water during fetal and early postnatal development. Four behavioral functions were analyzed in female and male offspring between the age of 6 and 12 weeks: motor coordination learning on the rotarod; trai...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(03)00007-2
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of a 14-day (gestation days 7-20) chronic methadone (6.3-9.0 mg/kg/day) infusion via osmotic minipumps were studied on the induction of physical dependence in both pregnant and nonpregnant female rats. Following continued methadone exposure, an acute injection of naloxone (2.0 mg/kg, SC) produced the follo...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(91)90046-y
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of striatal damage induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) was studied in rats by neuropathological and neurochemical methods. Neuronal shrinkage with astrogliosis was observed in striatum after local injection of 0.5-5 mumol 3-NPA. Decortications involving dorsal and lateral aspects of frontal cortex o...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(94)00076-p
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) are known to cause behavioral abnormalities in cases of human exposures and in animal models. The behavioral consequences of single exposures to CWNAs that cause observable toxic signs are particularly well characterized in animals; however, less is known regarding repeated smalle...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.01.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
