Abstract：
:Subcutaneous injection of a sublethal dose of chlorpyrifos (CHLP), an organophosphate (OP) pesticide, causes long-term inhibition in cholinesterase activity (ChE) of brain, blood, and other tissues. Such prolonged inhibition in ChE should lead to marked behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory patterns, especially in terms of altered noradrenergic and cholinergic sensitivity. To evaluate the behavioral and autonomic effects of long-term ChE inhibition, Long-Evans rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that continuously monitored core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA). These parameters were monitored for 7 days following a single injection of peanut oil (vehicle control) or 280 mg/kg CHLP. CHLP led to a significant reduction in Tc during the first night after treatment but had no other effects on Tc. CHLP also resulted in a significant elevation in HR which lasted for approximately 72 h. Motor activity was unaffected by CHLP. Cholinergic and noradrenergic drug sensitivity was assessed between 7 and 25 days after CHLP. CHLP-treated rats were more sensitive to norepinephrine as based on a greater hyperthermic response. MA of CHLP-treated rats was more sensitive to scopolamine. On the other hand, the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine (0.4 mg/kg) were nearly abolished by CHLP treatment, indicating tolerance to cholinergic stimulation. The tachycardic effects of methyscopolamine were also greater in the CHLP group. Overall, the acute effects of CHLP are unusual compared to other OP's in that there is no hypothermic response, an attenuated nocturnal elevation in Tc and a prolonged elevation in HR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Neurotoxicol Teratoljournal_title
Neurotoxicology and teratologyauthors
Gordon CJdoi
10.1016/0892-0362(94)90002-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-9issue
1eissn
0892-0362issn
1872-9738journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This study examined the effects of chronic postweaning lead (Pb) exposure in Long-Evans rats on a series of spatial alternation tasks. All tasks were administered in automated testing chambers, with a nosepoke as the critical response. While neither Pb-exposed group (median blood lead levels: 19 and 39 micrograms/dl, ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(95)02026-8
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of prenatal ethanol exposure on the kainate-sensitive subtype of glutamate receptor binding sites was studied using in vitro 3H-vinylidene kainic acid (VKA) autoradiography. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a liquid diet containing either 3.35% or 6.7% ethanol throughout gestation. Pair-fed dams receiv...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(88)90093-1
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a methadone maintenance program for pregnant, drug dependent women, an investigation was undertaken (1) to study the occurrence of violence experienced by the women as children and as adults and (2) to lean whether those who report past violence/abuse are more likely to neglect and/or abandon their children to the ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(87)90022-5
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical thickness abnormalities have been identified in youth using both alcohol and marijuana. However, limited studies have followed individuals pre- and post initiation of alcohol and marijuana use to help identify to what extent discrepancies in structural brain integrity are pre-existing or substance-related. Ad...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.09.005
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although cocaine administration reduces blood flow to the fetus in the pregnant ewe, the effects of cocaine on uterine and placental blood flow in the pregnant rat have not been adequately documented. The current study tested the hypothesis that cocaine decreased uterine and placental blood flow in awake and freely mo...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00022-7
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A reduction in the activity of GABAA receptors, particularly α5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (α5GABAARs), has been implicated in the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Genetically modified mice that lack α5GABAARs (Gabra5-/-) exhibit autism-like behaviors and both enhanced and impaired learning and mem...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2016.10.009
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthetic neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces a Parkinsonian-like syndrome in humans and nonhuman primates, and also causes movement disorders in rodents, fish, amphibians and lizards. To date, the effects of MPTP have not been characterized in snakes. In this study, the behav...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00204-0
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of the club drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 5-methoxy-n,n-diisopropyltryptamine (Foxy) is of growing concern, especially as many of the effects, particularly during development, are unknown. The effects of these drugs upon homeostasis may be important since both are known to stimulate the hy...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2009.08.012
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of a neurobehavioral screening battery to differentiate the effects of two pyrethroids, permethrin and cypermethrin, was assessed in this experiment. Although the structures of these pesticides differ only in the alpha-cyano group, the behavioral syndromes associated with the Type I and II pyrethroids are ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(93)90065-v
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant Long-Evans rats were fed a liquid diet containing either 35% ethanol-derived calories (group E) or were pair-fed to group E dams using the same diet with an equivalent amount of sucrose-derived calories (group PFC) on days 7-18 of gestation. At birth half the litters were fostered to other dams of the same tr...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(89)90049-4
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of preweaning experience in rats and mice on neuroendocrine and behavioral end points and their implications for prenatal drug effects are reviewed. The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and the dopaminergic system were shown to be affected. Behavior related to hippocampal, adrenocortical functions and to...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00051-3
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Fischer 344 rats received either tap water or water containing 250 ppm lead for 90 days prior to training in either Pavlovian fear conditioning or consummatory contrast, an aversive reward reduction paradigm. In Experiment 1, lead-exposed and -unexposed rats were trained in operant chambers over a 6-min session. ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00265-9
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gestational Toluene Exposure Effects on Spontaneous and Amphetamine-Induced Locomotor Behavior in Rats. Bowen, S.E., Mohammadi, M.H., Batis, J.C., and Hannigan, J.H. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, XX, 2006. The abuse of volatile organic solvents (inhalants) continues to be a major health concern throughout the world....
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2006.09.027
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory-evoked potentials (EPs) were studied in male Long-Evans and Fischer-344 rats in order to characterize the electrophysiological consequences of chronic inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE). Groups of ten Long-Evans rats were exposed to air or 1600 ppm or 3200 ppm TCE for twelve weeks and evaluated per...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(91)90031-q
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive performance was examined in 145 thirteen- to sixteen-year-old adolescents for whom prenatal exposure to marihuana and cigarettes had been ascertained. The subjects were from a low-risk, predominantly middle-class sample participating in an ongoing, longitudinal study. The assessment battery included tests of...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(03)00029-1
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While there is a long-standing tradition of using behavioral methods to study the effects of manufactured drugs and environmental chemicals, comparatively little attention has focused until recently on the behavioral effects of marine or freshwater toxins. A vast array of microorganisms, found in a variety of waters, ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2005.06.007
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether there is an association between moderate alcohol consumption in the first trimester of pregnancy and increased risk of fetal malformations, we conducted a literature search using Medline (1966-present), PsycLit (1974-1995), and EMBASE (1988-1995). The following inclusion criteria were used to sele...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00073-1
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A multidisciplinary study to investigate 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD)-induced CNS-neurotoxicity and its proposed potentiation by acetone (AC) was conducted. Neurobehavioral testing, estimation of the brain-swelling reaction, neuropathological and morphometric measurements as well as synaptosomal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(91)90089-f
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A pharmacological challenge of nonhuman primate open field behavior, similar to that which previously assessed the cholinergic system (10), was used here to measure potential lead-induced alterations in the dopaminergic system. Monkeys that had been treated with lead during the first year postpartum were assessed at 7...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(95)02050-0
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of lindane on behavior and central monoaminergic systems were studied in rat pups at 15 days of postnatal age. Pups were previously given nonconvulsant lindane PO doses, either a single 20 mg/kg or 7-day repeated 10 mg/kg doses. Both treatment schedules improved the passive avoidance acquisition but only t...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00079-2
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increased use of cocaine in the United States and worldwide has created great concern about its effects on fetuses and neonates of pregnant cocaine abusers. The effects on neonates are varied: fetal growth delay, microcephaly, abnormal neurological functions, microphthalmia, and maternal obstetric complications. I...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(96)00227-9
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research suggests that not only is marijuana use prevalent among women of reproductive age, but a significant number of women continue to use marijuana and its derivatives throughout pregnancy. Many studies have shown, in both humans and animals, that marijuana exposure during adolescence and adulthood is detrimental ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2011.10.006
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The postnatal behavioral effects of 0.20, 0.62 and 2.0 mg/kg cadmium chloride administered to pregnant CFY rats on gestational days 7 through 15 were evaluated. Offspring were tested starting on postnatal day 23 on a rotorod for motor coordination, in an open field device for motor activity and emotionality, in a wate...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(90)90130-5
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of significant efforts, the neurobehavioral deficits in infants born from cocaine-abusing mothers have not been clearly defined. In the present study, we examined the presence of these abnormalities in a rhesus monkey model of prenatal cocaine exposure using a nonhuman primate adaptation of the Neonatal Behav...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2003.08.003
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have utilized a mouse model of transplacental cocaine exposure to investigate the effects of cocaine dose and gestational timing in altering brain and body growth and postnatal behavior in exposed offspring. Pregnant dams were injected with cocaine HCl at 40 mg/kg/day (COC 40) or 20 mg/kg/day (COC 20), or 10 mg/kg/...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00127-x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study provides a characterization of the behavioral changes induced in preweaning mice by prenatal exposure to lamivudine (3TC), an antiviral drug recently entered in the clinical practice to treat HIV patients. Pregnant CD1 mice were given per os bidaily either 3TC at different doses (125, 250, or 500 mg/...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00018-5
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrethroid insecticides have been divided into Types I and II based on behavioral profiles of toxicity produced by life-threatening dosages. In order to assess potential alterations in acquired (operant) behavior, acute dosage-effect and time-course determinations for permethrin (Type I) and cypermethrin (Type II) wer...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(87)90035-3
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of repeated SC administration of soman on schedule-controlled performance and brain pathology were studied in the rat. Soman suppressed response rates in both components of a multiple fixed interval 50-sec fixed-ratio 25 (mult. FI 50-sec FR 25) schedule of reinforcement, although all animals revealed marke...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(90)90112-p
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol alters the homeostasis between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and its intoxication reveals adenosine as responsible to modify several responses including signal transduction. Zebrafish has been recently investigated for knowledge the prolonged effect of ethanol on behavioral and biochemical parame...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ntt.2017.11.001
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred and ten, 6- to 11-year-old children from a low-risk, predominantly middle class sample who are participants in an ongoing longitudinal drug study were assessed using a central auditory processing task (SCAN) that made perceptual rather than linguistic demands. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was linearly...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0892-0362(94)90048-5
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
