Abstract：
:A moderate dose of amphetamine (AMPH) produces hypoactivity around 20 h post-administration. This hypoactivity may be an indicator of an acute withdrawal state. The purpose was to see how AMPH doses affected the expression of this hypoactivity and, by inference, AMPH-induced acute withdrawal. Rats were housed in individual open fields, with free access to food and water. Light-dark cycles were scheduled such that drug-elicited patterns could be readily detected. Animals first received a series of eight control treatments, and then a series of 10 experimental treatments spaced at 33-h intervals. Different experimental treatment groups received saline, 1.0 mg/kg, 2.0 mg/kg, or 4.0 mg/kg AMPH. The effects of these treatments on 33-h patterns of locomotor activity were observed. Control treatments produced no systematic time-dependent changes in activity beyond the first hour post-treatment. All doses of AMPH produced typical short-term effects: They markedly increased locomotion and/or stereotypy during the first 3 to 6 h post-treatment. Acute and chronic administrations of the 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg doses also produced similar changes in longer term activity patterns: They produced hypoactivity 20 h later, followed by a recovery of activity around hour 25 post-treatment. The timing of amphetamine-induced hypoactivity and acute withdrawal may be independent of dose over a wide range of doses. Time-dependent changes in AMPH-induced state may influence motivation and drug-related assessments. The methodology described here may provide an easy and rapid way to investigate the determinants of AMPH-induced hypoactivity and acute withdrawal.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
White W,White IMdoi
10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.10.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-28 00:00:00pages
368-76issue
2eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S0031-9384(05)00484-1journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:First evidence suggests that chronobiological aspects of sleep restriction affect metabolic conditions. Our aim was to investigate whether spontaneous free-living physical activity likewise is affected by chronobiological timing of short sleep. METHODS:In an experimental randomized, balanced cross-over design,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112795
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the following experiments, an attempt was made to determine the role of the ovary in the control of food intake and body weight regulation during lactation. In the first study, it was found that concentrations of estradiol benzoate effective in suppressing food intake and body weight in nonlactating animals were no...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(76)90016-0
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sheep and goats differ in diet selection, which may reflect different abilities to deal with the ingestion of plant secondary metabolites. Although saliva provides a basis for immediate oral information via sensory cues and also a mechanism for detoxification, our understanding of the role of saliva in the pre-gastric...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.07.002
更新日期：2009-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Obese female Zucker rats have several reproductive abnormalities, including delayed puberty, abnormal estrous cyclicity, and behavioral hyporesponsiveness to ovarian steroid hormones. To ascertain whether excessive body weight per se causes these reproductive abnormalities, obese Zucker female rats were fed ad lib or ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00006-2
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The area postrema mediates the hypophagic effect of the pancreatic hormone amylin and is also sensitive to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Protein seems to modulate amylin responsiveness because amylin seems to produce a stronger hypophagic effect and a stronger c-Fos expression when protein is absent from the diet. ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.02.006
更新日期：2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:High fat diets induce oxidative stress which may be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Quercetin is a kind of antioxidant that has neuroprotective effects and potent7ial pro-oxidant effects as well. In this study, we evaluated cognitive function in mice fed with high fat diets and basic diets with or without quer...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.09.008
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-six rats were injected IP with 2DG (0, 250, or 500 mg/kg) at 7-day intervals, once at light onset (7 a.m.) and once at dark onset (7 p.m.), and postinjection food intake was monitored for 24 hours. Five hundred mg/kg 2DG caused food intake to rise above control levels during the first 6 hours of daylight, regar...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90179-0
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appetite and eating are not only controlled by energy needs, but also by extrinsic factors that are not directly related to energy balance. Environmental signals that acquire motivational properties through associative learning-learned cues-can override homeostatic signals and stimulate eating in sated states, or inhi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.059
更新日期：2011-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of self and cross-adaptation of acetic acid and HCl solutions on the perception of sourness, were investigated using a filter paper method. In contrast to acetic acid and to pH-buffered acetic acid solutions, self-adaptation could not be obtained with HCl. In fact the sourness of the HCl test-stimulus afte...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90111-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemoreception of foodstuff in the gut is performed by endocrine cells dispersed in the gut epithelium. They are bipolar cells extending an apical process to the gut lumen and releasing their messenger substances from the cell base in response to the apical stimuli. The cells share cell-biological features with neuron...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90198-w
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human participants judged the pungency of various concentrations of carbon dioxide presented to one nostril, the other nostril, or both (dichorhinic stimulation). Perceived magnitude grew sharply with concentration over the range explored. The combinatorial rule of bilateral integration followed the Pythagorean theore...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90025-7
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK) are endogenous neuropeptides known to inhibit intake of alcohol. Although both peptides are released by alcohol consumption and are hypothesized to satiate alcohol intake, their interaction has not been examined. We deprived ad-lib-fed male (n=6...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.029
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of immediate posttraining subcutaneous administration of naloxone (0.25, 1 or 5 mg/kg) on retention behaviour of rats trained in an inhibitory avoidance task, subjected or not to familiarization with the training situation prior to the training trial (pretraining) have been investigated. Naloxone did not i...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(85)90394-4
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A brief review of oscillatory activity in neurons and networks is given. Conditions required for neural oscillations are provided. Three mathematical methods for studying the coupling between neural oscillators are described: (i) weak coupling, (ii) firing time maps, and (iii) leaky integrate-and-fire methods. Several...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00898-3
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe and test a programmable feeding system based on a contact eatometer, previously developed in our laboratory, consisting of a swinging grid beneath a hopper that is moved by the rat each time it wants to eat. This has not been connected to a solenoid that can block the movement of the grid to prevent access...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02225-2
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schedule-induced polydipsia was studied in rats on a variable second-order schedule in Experiments 1 and 2. Drinking occurred only following presentations of the pellet reinforcer and was not induced by a stimulus that was associated with pellet delivery. Moreover, it was shown that lever pressing for food was not com...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(75)90158-4
更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three techniques were compared: automated recording (A) of 2 h of feeding activities conveyed to a computer by constantly connected electronic balances, videotaping (V) of a closeup of the head of a chick during a feed-pecking session analyzed by focal sampling at reduced speed (16 times slower), strength of pecking (...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00535-5
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taste sensitivity and responsivity, two-tastant and taste-mixture discrimination performance, and taste preferences were examined prior to and after the selective desalivation of 48 male Long-Evans rats. Altered preference behavior was observed in rats after removal of the major salivary glands, as well as after remov...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90200-n
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sexually naïve female mice are not sexually receptive in their first mating opportunity. Four to five sexual encounters are needed to display high sexual receptivity as assessed by the lordosis reflex. The neuronal changes induced by sexual experience are not well understood. In this study, we evaluated if repeated se...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112906
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work evaluated the effects of moderate physical exercise performed under hypoxic conditions on melatonin and sleep. Forty healthy men were randomized into four groups: Normoxia (N) (n = 10); Hypoxia (H) (n = 10); Exercise under Normoxia (EN) (n = 10); and Exercise under Hypoxia (EH) (n = 10). The observation peri...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.016
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present report explored firstly how palatability modified the effects of energy density (ED) on short-term food intake and changes in rated appetite within a single test meal, and secondly how repeated consumption altered these relationships. Experiment 1 contrasted disguised high (HED) and low (LED) versions of a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.019
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Short- and long-term changes in the composition of dietary macronutrients [protein (P), carbohydrate (C), and fat (F)] alter neurochemistry and behavior in animals. We examined whether short-term intake of a diet rich in P, C, or F affected their anxiety response (AR). AR of Sprague-Dawley rats was measured in an elev...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(96)00135-7
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of loratadine, a peripherally acting histamine (H1) antagonist, and methysergide, a serotonin (5-HT) antagonist, were evaluated in seven normal-weight, male research volunteers, participating in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, 17-day residential study. Participants received oral loratadine (10 or 20 mg...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00046-8
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large part of domestic food intake may be determined by retail food purchase behavior, and it is commonly believed that this may be significantly influenced by the shopper's state of food deprivation. In the present study, 198 subjects recruited just prior to shopping at a large supermarket completed questionnaires ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00241-7
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of exercise on central nervous system function was investigated in relation to the mechanism of calcium-calmodulin-dependent dopamine synthesis in the brain. It is shown here through animal experiments that exercise leads to an increase in the calcium level in the brain. This in turn enhances brain dopamine...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(96)00011-x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats with lesions of the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMN-L) are hypophagic and have reduced linear growth and body weight, but normal body composition. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (170-190 g) housed individually under a 12:12 L:D schedule with lights out at 1430 hr received jugular cannulas, and on return to...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90268-0
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein that plays a critical role in modulating cognition in animals and humans. Aerobic exercise often increases BDNF in adults, but effects of this exercise modality and others among adolescents remain uncertain. This study examined the effects of aerobic training, resi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.04.026
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol is a common dietary constituent, but knowledge of its chemosensory properties and their relationship to its ingestion is limited. Twenty-five male and 25 female, light-regular ethanol consumers participated in five test sessions. Sessions involved determination of taste, olfactory and nasal irritation threshol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00397-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have established the pancreatic B-cell hormone amylin as an important anorectic peptide affecting meal-ending satiety. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a chronic infusion of the amylin antagonist AC 187 on food intake. The studies were performed using obese Zucker fa/fa rats, which ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.002
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of two different unconditioned stimuli (US) in producing conditioned taste aversion (CTA) was tested in rats after bilateral ibotenic acid (IBO) lesions of the gustatory nucleus of thalamus (TTAx) and the medial and lateral parabrachial nuclei (mPBNx, lPBNx). An initial study determined an equivalent dose...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.008
更新日期：2006-03-30 00:00:00
