Abstract:
:In September 1978, cases of hepatitis B in two patients treated by the same dentist led to investigation of a dental practice in Baltimore, Maryland. The dentist had had acute hepatitis B in June 1978 and had remained positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B e antigen over the ensuing 6 months. He had continued to work while infected, wearing surgical gloves to minimize the risk of transmitting infection. Serologic follow-up of 764 patients showed that a total of six patients, three of whom were symptomatic, had developed hepatitis B infection after dental treatment. All six were among a group of 395 patients treated before the dentist began wearing gloves. In this group, patients having highly traumatic dental work (attack rate 6.9%) were at significantly higher risk than patients having either less traumatic work (attack rate 0.5%) or nontraumatic work (attack rate = 0, p less than 0.02). None of 369 patients treated only when the dentist wore gloves became infected, suggesting that gloves could reduce the risk of virus transmission by the dentist.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Hadler SC,Sorley DL,Acree KH,Webster HM,Schable CA,Francis DP,Maynard JEdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-95-2-133subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-08-01 00:00:00pages
133-8issue
2eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Several trends in medical education affect our supply of future physicians. The number of new physicians has increased so that each year there is an excess of about 6000 over the number of physicians produced per year a decade ago. Increasing numbers of women and members of minority groups are entering the profession ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-806
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with reduced left ventricular function and ventricular enlargement after myocardial infarction are at significantly greater risk for congestive heart failure and death. Nevertheless, recovery of ventricular function occurs in a significant proportion of patients after myocardial infarction, and mode...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-6-200103200-00009
更新日期:2001-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral economics provides insights about the development of effective incentives for physicians to deliver high-value care. It suggests that the structure and delivery of incentives can shape behavior, as can thoughtful design of the decision-making environment. This article discusses several principles of behavio...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-1330
更新日期:2016-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The National Kidney Foundation has advocated the use of the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from serum creatinine measurements in clinical laboratories. However, healthy persons were not included in the development of the MDRD equ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-12-200412210-00009
更新日期:2004-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Although the efficacy of hepatitis vaccine is well documented, the duration of immunity of healthy adults after vaccination is unknown. We studied 245 hospital employees 3 years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine to determine the prevalence of immunity indicated by levels of antibody to hepatitis B sur...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-2-185
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the detection of tuberculostearic acid (TBSA) in bronchial aspirate and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens is useful for the rapid diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis in patients suspected of having the disease. SETTING:A pulmonary clinic in a teaching hospital. PATIENTS:Forty pati...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-111-8-650
更新日期:1989-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep problems are common in pregnant women. This review examines sleep in normal pregnancy; discusses the physiologic bases for alterations in sleep, including hormonal and mechanical factors; and correlates these factors with changes in sleep of pregnant women, as determined subjectively by surveys and objectively b...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-5-200103060-00012
更新日期:2001-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:SOURCE CITATION:Armstrong PW, Pieske B, Anstrom KJ, et al. Vericiguat in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1883-93. 32222134. ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/ACPJ202009150-030
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have indicated that outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation who are managed with rate control and anticoagulation are similar to those in patients who have maintenance of sinus rhythm. These studies did not include important groups of patients with atrial fibrillation in whom antiarrhythmic therap...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-9-200411020-00015
更新日期:2004-11-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Even with optimal pharmacotherapy, symptomatic heart failure is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. PURPOSE:To determine the efficacy and safety of cardiac resynchronization therapy in adults with advanced systolic heart failure. DATA SOURCES:The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tri...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-5-200409070-00101
更新日期:2004-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The renin-angiotensin system is involved in adipocyte growth and differentiation and possibly in adipose tissue metabolism. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association of polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D gene, angiotensinogen M235T gene, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00007
更新日期:2003-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::HLA-B27 is a transplantation antigen found in a high proportion of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Recently, an association has been shown to exist between HLA-B27 and acute uveitis, even in the absence of ankylosing spondylitis. We have examined the HLA antigen profile of 45 patients with acute nongranulomatous...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-606
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a noninvasive method for evaluating contrast-enhancing brain lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can accurately differentiate between lymphoma and nonlymphoma diagnoses. This method is based on Toxoplasma serologic testing and positron emission tomograph...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-123-8-199510150-00005
更新日期:1995-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the data that support the use of coronary angiography and angioplasty after acute myocardial infarction, that identify the risks of these procedures, and that analyze their use and costs. DATA SOURCES:English-language articles published between 1970 and June 1995 identified through a search of the ME...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-7-199704010-00007
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the factors that distinguish terminally ill, incompetent patients who are given do-not-resuscitate status by physicians against the wishes of the patient's family, I reviewed the charts of 20 such patients (cases) seen in consultation by the ethics committee at the Massachusetts General Hospital over 10 ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-819
更新日期:1988-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Adult T-cell leukemia associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is characterized by a clonal expansion of a CD4-positive subset of T lymphocytes that constitutively express high numbers of interleukin-2 receptors and that frequently infiltrate the skin; osteolytic bone lesions, and hypercalcemia. Usi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-4-274
更新日期:1988-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the role of venous ultrasonography in the diagnosis of suspected deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Inability to compress the common femoral or popliteal vein is usually diagnostic of a first episode of deep venous thrombosis in symptomatic patients (positive predictive value of about ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-129-12-199812150-00009
更新日期:1998-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of massive cocaine intoxication on lung water and ascites accumulation and the effect of beta- and alpha-adrenergic blockade on survival in massive cocaine intoxication in the mouse. DESIGN:The effect of massive cocaine intoxication on lung water, ascitic fluid accumulation, and...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-3-202
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deaths and injuries related to firearms constitute a major public health problem in the United States. In response to firearm violence and other firearm-related injuries and deaths, an interdisciplinary, interprofessional group of leaders of 8 national health professional organizations and the American Bar Association...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-0337
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:High-sensitivity assays for cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) are sometimes used to rapidly rule out acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Purpose:To estimate the ability of a single hs-cTnT concentration below the limit of detection (<0.005 µg/L) and a nonischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) to rule out AMI in adults ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.7326/M16-2562
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Despite some impressive recent gains, improving the glaring deficiencies in health care quality is proving to be very hard. Improvement is local, rather than system-wide, and is sustained with difficulty, rather than becoming an intrinsic feature of care. My right knee will probably need to be replaced soon. This has ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-2-200501180-00011
更新日期:2005-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Palliative care prioritizes symptom management and quality of life throughout the course of serious illness. Regardless of whether care is inpatient or outpatient, primary or subspecialty, a solid understanding of the basics of effective communication, symptom management, and end-of-life care is crucial. This article ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/AITC201803060
更新日期:2018-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical implications of newly acquired left bundle-branch block (LBBB) were examined prospectively in the Framingham Study population. During 18 years of observation 55 people developed LBBB. The mean age at the onset of LBBB was 62; LBBB occurred largely in people with antecedent hypertension, cardiac enlargemen...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-3-303
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfasalazine is metabolized by intestinal bacteria, resulting in the release of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylate. The drug is useful in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis as well as in preventing relapses of the disease in remission. Although effective in active Crohn's disease as well, sulfasalazine appea...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-377
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 476 patients with multiple myeloma treated during a 9-year period, 11 developed acute myelogenous leukemia or sideroblastic anemia. In all, the myeloma was in remission from chemotherapy with melphalan-prednisone combinations that had been continued for a median duration of 3 years. The incidence of acute leukemia ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-86-4-440
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quality improvement (QI) activities can improve health care but must be conducted ethically. The Hastings Center convened leaders and scholars to address ethical requirements for QI and their relationship to regulations protecting human subjects of research. The group defined QI as systematic, data-guided activities d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-9-200705010-00155
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although HIV infection is more prevalent in people younger than age 45 years, a substantial number of infections occur in older persons. Recent guidelines recommend HIV screening in patients age 13 to 64 years. The cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in patients age 55 to 75 years is uncertain. OBJECTIVE:To...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00002
更新日期:2008-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Prospective data at Framingham and elsewhere have shown conclusively that risk of coronary heart disease in persons younger than age 50 is strikingly related to the serum total cholesterol level. Within so-called normal limits risk has been found to mount over a five-fold range. The impact has been found to be augment...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-1-85
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This issue provides a clinical overview of sickle cell disease focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, practice improvement, and patient information. Readers can complete the accompanying CME quiz for 1.5 credits. Only ACP members and individual subscribers can access the electronic features of In the Clinic. No...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-155-5-201109060-01003
更新日期:2011-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To review epidemiologic studies on the association between homocyst(e)ine level and risk for cardiovascular disease and the potential benefits of homocysteine-decreasing therapies. DATA SOURCES:Computerized and manual searches of the literature on total homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease. STUDY SE...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-131-5-199909070-00008
更新日期:1999-09-07 00:00:00