Abstract:
:In recent years, there has been increasing recognition of the importance of steroid aromatization in organs besides the steroidogenic ones. Estrogens formed from C-19 precursors in peripheral tissues can clearly contribute to the levels of estrogens in the circulation, while aromatization in target cells may be an important determinant of the concentration of estrogens to which a particular population of target cells is exposed. Assays sufficiently sensitive and simple enough to permit quantification and characterization of aromatase activity in peripheral and target tissues are now available. One of these, based on the quantification of 3H2O formed from [1-beta-3H]androstenedione has, in our hands, a sensitivity of 15 fmol, is highly reproducible, and is relatively simple. It has been validated for stoichiometry between amounts of 3H2O and [6,7-3H]estradiol formed from [1-3H]androstenedione and [6,7-3H]androstenedione, respectively. Using this assay, we have been able to quantify aromatase activity in discrete brain nuclear regions dissected from Vibratome sections of fetal rat brains and thereby to identify in discrete areas sex differences and temporal changes during development that are obscured when larger tissue specimens are used. However, aromatase activity in brain nuclei as well as other target organs, including breast tissue, is likely to be concentrated in specialized cell populations. This heterogeneity limits the interpretation that can be placed on data obtained from standard "test tube" assays on homogenized tissue. We have used quantitative cytochemical assays for enzymes and cytochrome P-450 to identify regional specialization in the membrana granulosa of preovulatory follicles and localize cells that may be involved in steroidogenesis, including aromatization. Our findings underscore the need for new quantitative cytochemical and immunocytochemical assays to localize and to measure the amount and activity of aromatase in situ within identified populations of target cells.
journal_name
Cancer Resjournal_title
Cancer researchauthors
Weisz Jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-08-01 00:00:00pages
3295s-3298sissue
8 Suppleissn
0008-5472issn
1538-7445journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CANCER RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Mutations of the p53 gene constitute one of the most frequent genetic alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In this study, we introduced wild-type p53 into two separate SCCHN cell lines via a recombinant adenoviral vector, Ad5CMV-p53. Northern blotting showed that following infection by ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transformed cells are selectively sensitized to apoptosis induced by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol after their recruitment to S phase. During S phase, cyclin A-dependent kinase activity neutralizes E2F-1 allowing orderly S phase progression. Inhibition of cyclin A-dependent kinase by flavopiridol ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological characteristics and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors were studied in male mammary carcinomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in male inbred Sprague-Dawley rats (MM). DMBA-induced carcinomas in females (MF) were used as controls. In 36 of 44 female rats given 20 mg DMBA once by ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSC) have been implicated in tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and relapse but druggable targets in appropriate subsets of this cell population have yet to be identified. Here we identify a fundamental role for the prolyl isomerase Pin1 in driving BCSC expansion, invasiveness, ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2785
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In female nude mice, epidermal growth factor (EGF) was present at a mean concentration of 42.8 +/- 16.9 (SD) ng/mg wet tissue in the submandibular gland and 0.28 +/- 0.13 ng/ml in the plasma. Sialoadenectomy (removal of the submandibular glands) decreased circulating EGF to undetectable levels (less than 0.1 ng/ml). T...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human erythrocytes have been used as a model for evaluating the chemical carcinogen-plasma membrane interaction. The carcinogenic aromatic amines 2-acetylaminofluorene, dimethylaminoazobenzene, and 3'-methyldimethylaminoazobene stabilize erythrocytes against lysis in hypotonic solution. In general, the stabilization p...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The POU-domain transcription factor Oct-1 is widely expressed in adult tissues and has been proposed to regulate a large group of target genes. Microarray expression profiling was used to evaluate gene expression changes in Oct-1-deficient mouse fibroblasts. A number of genes associated with cellular stress exhibited ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2399
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell systems as different as normal human blood lymphocytes and frog auricles release spontaneously a nucleoprotein complex in their culture medium. This release seems to be an active mechanism that is unrelated to cell death. The presence of RNA in this complex is demonstrated. The amount of extracellular RNA is regu...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. The deoxynucleoside analogue gemcitabine is among the most effective therapies to treat PDAC, however, nearly all patients treated with gemcitabine either fail to respond or rapidly develop resistance. One hallmark of PDA...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-0960
更新日期:2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated a Chinese hamster ovary cell line, designated ADR-1, which exhibits hypersensitivity to a range of drugs which are thought to inhibit the action of the enzyme topoisomerase II. These include anthracyclines, other classes of intercalating agents, and the epipodophyllotoxin, etoposide. No significant se...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::A combination of paclitaxel (Taxol) and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK/Erk) inhibitor represents a rational new approach to chemotherapy. We performed Affymetrix microarray analysis to understand the global effects of this combination in lung carcinoma. Genes involved in ce...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our recent study found that activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) is up-regulated in human brain metastatic cells and contributes to brain metastasis of melanoma. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this increased Stat3 activation and effect on brain metastasis are unknown. ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-1429
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human seminal plasma (SP) has been known to contain both growth-inhibitory and -stimulatory factors. We attempted to identify a factor that inhibited DNA synthesis in some metastatic prostate cancer cell lines. The SP factor was sensitive to digestion by trypsin, but its activity increased after boiling or dialysis ag...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Blood tests to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) offer great potential to monitor disease status, gauge prognosis, and guide treatment decisions for patients with cancer. For patients with brain tumors, such as aggressive glioblastoma multiforme, CTC assays are needed that do not rely on expression of cancer cell s...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-0813
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The aggressive biology of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been linked with overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Constitutive activation of the transcription factor Sp1 plays a critical role in VEGF overexpression. Recent studies indicated that celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibit...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-1945
更新日期:2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::To assess whether CYP3A4 and CYP3A7 have a similar capacity to activate carcinogenic mycotoxins, we established cell lines stably expressing human CYP3A4 and CYP3A7, which are adult- and fetal-specific forms of cytochrome P450 in human livers, respectively. Each cDNA was introduced into CR-119 cells which had been est...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::N-Nitrosodibutylamine and its omega-hydroxylated metabolite N-nitrosobutyl(4-hydroxybutyl)amine (NB4HBA) induce tumors in the urine bladder of different animal species through their common urinary metabolite N-nitrosobutyl(3-carboxypropyl)amine (NB3CPA), resulting from the oxidation of the alcoholic group of NB4HBA to...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) using a humanized murine monoclonal antibody, chimeric L6 (ChL6), has produced objective tumor reduction in 50% of chemotherapy-refractory patients with metastatic breast cancer in our prior studies. Because myelosuppression limited dose escalation, we evaluated the ability of granulocyte col...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in 5 microsatellite loci were analyzed in tumors from 137 patients with primary non-small cell lung carcinomas that were also genotyped for the Hras1 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus. Twenty-nine patients (21%) had changes in at least one microsatellite locus. A majority of these cases (24 of...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::DNA probes prepared from human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase complementary DNA were hybridized to mRNA isolated from human liver and fifteen human tumor cell lines proficient (Mer+) or deficient (Mer-) in transferase activity. Liver and Mer+ cells contained levels of transferase-specific mRNA that correlated ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms which control estrogen receptor (ER) expression in breast carcinoma have not been elucidated. The MCF-7 (ER-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (ER-negative) breast carcinoma cell lines have been used to examine ER gene expression. Northern blot analysis of mRNA isolated from these two cell lines demonstrates that...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitotic and labeling indices of bone marrow tumor cells were determined from patients with disseminated neuroblastoma. Although pretreatment values were variable, the median indices indicated that only a small proportion of tumor cells were proliferating. The pretreatment indices could not be correlated with presentin...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the use of the bromodeoxyuridine/propidium iodide method to assess the effects of bioactive and cytotoxic agents on the kinetic characteristics of acute myelogenous leukemia cells. By careful selection of gates, the following parameters can be measured simultaneously using only 50,000 cells: the p...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vigorous activity after diagnosis was recently reported to be inversely associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality. However, men with metastatic disease may decrease their activity due to their disease; thus, a causal interpretation is uncertain. We therefore prospectively examined vigorous activity and brisk ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3932
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in cellular biochemistry which are associated with the development of resistance to cytotoxic peptides, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may also be responsible for changes in the response of cells to cytotoxic agents. Culturing ME-180 cervical carcinoma cells in the presence of escalating concentratio...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have explored the therapeutic effects of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 225 and 528 on well established A431 epidermoid carcinoma xenografts, approximately 400 mm3 (1 cm in diameter) at the start of treatment. In previous reports we demonstrated that MAbs 225 and 528 prevented th...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were undertaken to determine the therapeutic effects of liposome-encapsulated 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (lip-ara-C) against intracranial L1210 leukemia. The effects of administration route, drug dosage, liposome type, and tumor load on therapeutic efficacy were also studied. One hundred % mice were cur...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Technical modifications of the quantitative determination of unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured hepatocytes are described which allow for the rapid identification of potentially carcinogenic chemicals on a large-scale screening basis. The test is based on the biochemical quantification of [methyl-3H]thymidine incor...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micropthalmia transcription factor (Mitf) is involved in melanocyte development and differentiation. The current study was undertaken to determine whether there is a relationship between Mitf expression and survival in patients with intermediate-thickness (1.0-4.0 mm) melanoma. Original paraffin blocks or slides of th...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 323/A3 and 17-1A both recognize a 40-kDa carcinoma-associated epithelial glycoprotein (EGP40). MAb 17-1A has been used in many therapeutic trials as an immunotherapeutic agent to combat advanced colorectal cancer, and about 5-10% overall responses have been observed. It has been shown ...
journal_title:Cancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00