Abstract：
:Characteristic of damage introduced in DNA by ionizing radiation is the induction of a wide range of lesions. Single-strand breaks (SSBs) and base damages outnumber double-strand breaks (DSBs). If unrepaired, these lesions can lead to DSBs and increased mutagenesis. XRCC1 and DNA polymerase beta (polbeta) are thought to be critical elements in the repair of these SSBs and base damages. XRCC1-deficient cells display a radiosensitive phenotype, while proliferating polbeta-deficient cells are not more radiosensitive. We have recently shown that cells deficient in polbeta display increased radiosensitivity when confluent. In addition, cells expressing a dominant negative to polbeta have been found to be radiosensitized. Here we show that repair of radiation-induced lesions is inhibited in extracts with altered polbeta or XRCC1 status, as measured by an in vitro repair assay employing irradiated plasmid DNA. Extracts from XRCC1-deficient cells showed a dramatically reduced capacity to repair ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage. Extracts deficient in polbeta or containing a dominant negative to polbeta also showed reduced repair of radiation-induced SSBs. Irradiated repaired plasmid DNA showed increased incorporation of radioactive nucleotides, indicating use of an alternative long-patch repair pathway. These data show a deficiency in repair of ionizing radiation damage in extracts from cells deficient or altered in polbeta activity, implying that increased radiosensitivity resulted from radiation damage repair deficiencies.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Vens C,Hofland I,Begg ACdoi
10.1667/RR0750.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
281-91issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR0750journal_volume
168pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:As part of a long-term study of the effects of irradiation during development, prenatal and early neonatal mortality were evaluated for beagles exposed in utero at 8 days postcoitus (dpc), 28 dpc, 55 dpc, or 2 days postpartum. Mean doses used were 0,0.16, or 0.83 Gy. A decrease in whelping rates was observed for femal...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the role of natural killer (NK) cells in situ in the recovery of marrow hematopoiesis in B6D2F1 mice receiving various doses of total-body irradiation (TBI) as a well-characterized model for treatment-induced myelosuppression. Applying an in situ cytotoxic approach for ablating NK 1.1 cells, we have d...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The monohydroxylated fatty acid content of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 23 cleanup workers and 16 unexposed individuals was studied in relation to their immune status after the Chernobyl accident. Men with absorbed doses below 0.32 Gy showed higher levels of free and esterified 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic ac...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0476:mfacip]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation-induced apoptosis in lymphocyte-derived cell lines is characterized by endonucleolytic cleavage of cellular DNA within hours after radiation exposure. We have studied this phenomenon qualitatively (DNA gel electrophoresis) and quantitatively (diphenylamine reagent assay) in murine EL4 T-lymphoma cells expose...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding site specificity of crosslinking mediated by the hydroxyl radical has been investigated in a simple model system: a tetrapeptide, Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu, and 14C-labeled phenylalanine. Crosslinking leads to the tetrapeptide-phenylalanine adduct which has been isolated by gel filtration. The amino acid analysis of...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present theoretical arguments to explain observations of a "reversal" of the RBE at relatively large doses; that is, the RBE of high-LET vs low-LET radiation is less than one. Numerical examples are given and the results of Bogo et al. (Radiat. Res. 118, 341-352, 1989) are discussed qualitatively. ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation-induced complications of the respiratory system are a common side effect of thoracic radiotherapy with no viable treatment option. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic effect of the orphan drug pirfenidone for treating radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. C57BL/6 mice received a single fraction o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15017.1
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the antimutagenicity of WR-1065 added after irradiation of cells of cell lines differing in their ability to rejoin radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The postirradiation antimutagenicity of WR-1065 at the thymidine kinase locus was demonstrated for L5178Y (LY...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute thermotolerance was induced in Chinese hamster ovary cells by heating at 43 degrees C for 45 min followed by incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 85 h. The degree of thermotolerance induced was quantified by a second heat exposure at 43 degrees C. To study the interaction of thermotolerance and thermosensitizati...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astronauts traveling outside Earth's magnetosphere risk exposure to charged particle radiation that may cause neurophysiological changes and behavioral deficits. Although proton particles comprise a large portion of the space radiation environment, little has been published on the effects of low-dose proton radiation ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr13903.1
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor radiotherapy with large-field irradiation results in an increase of p53-dependent apoptosis of the radiosensitive hematopoietic stem cells. Proapoptotic PUMA is a transcriptional target of p53. Thus suppression of PUMA expression by gene therapy with the transcription repressor SNAI2 as transgene might be a pote...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1952.1
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A biophysical model has been developed that is based on the assumptions that an interphase chromosome occupies a spherical territory and that chromosome exchanges are formed by the misrejoining of two DNA double-strand breaks induced within a defined interaction distance. The model is used to explain the relative freq...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0603:poriia]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The percentage of T lymphocytes of atomic bomb survivors showed no change as a function of age or exposure dose. The percentage of T cells was slightly lower in malignant-tumor patients than in the control group, but was significantly higher in the group with chromosomal aberrations than in the control group. The perc...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior to whole-liver irradiation (0, 15, 25 Gy) rats were not treated, placed on a protein-deficient diet for 2 weeks, administered cyclophosphamide, and/or depleted of intracellular glutathione by injection with buthionine sulfoximide and diethyl maleate. At various times (0 to 84 days) after 0- and 25-Gy liver irrad...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed to test whether significant amounts of pyrimidine dimers are produced in cultured cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Xanthi) and of Haplopappus gracilis by ultraviolet light in the biological dose range and whether either or both dark and light repair systems exist in these cells. T...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1968-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual differences in response to radiation are well known, but the molecular basis for these differences is not well understood, and molecular indicators that are useful in assessing individual variation are lacking. Cells from patients developing unexpected radiation responses have occasionally been analyzed for...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0668:gerilc]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the nature and kinetics of DNA strand breaks caused by low-energy Auger electron emitters, we compared the yields of DNA breaks in supercoiled pUC19 DNA in the presence of the (.)OH scavenger dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after the decay of (125)I (1) in proximity to DNA after minor-groove binding ((125)I-iod...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of ionizing radiation on the survival of bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells was determined by the in vitro colony formation method. The BAE cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% calf serum, antibiotics, and growth factors obtained from the culture of mouse...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a rapid assay to predict intrinsic radiosensitivity of normal tissues based on the radiation-induced cytotoxic response of a number of types of white blood cells. Twenty-four hours after irradiation, leukocytes were prepared for analysis by flow cytometry. Radiation-induced cytotoxicity was characterized b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To clarify the information in the Radiation Effects Research Foundation data regarding cancer risks of low radiation doses, we focus on survivors with doses less than 0.5 Sv. For reasons indicated, we also restrict attention mainly to survivors within 3, 000 m of the hypocenter of the bombs. Analysis is of solid cance...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)154[0178:rrcral]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In higher eukaryotes, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by ionizing radiation activate checkpoints that delay progression through the cell cycle. Compared to delays in other phases of the cell cycle, delays induced in G(2) are longer and frequently correlate with resistance to killing by radiation. Therefore, mo...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2165.1
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topical applications of MEA (beta-mercaptoethylamine or cysteamine), WR-2721 [S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)-ethylphosphorothioic acid], and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were tested for their ability to protect the normal skin of the hind legs of mice against acute and late damage from single doses of 137Cs radiation. No signific...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neon beam at 250 MeV/nucleon from the Bevalac at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is bombarded in nuclear emulsion. The experimental interaction cross section of the neon beam in emulsion is 1078 +/- 35 mb, in agreement with the calculations from the modified Bradt and Peters formula. The secondary fragments were ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This laboratory previously demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen and hyperbaric carbogen improved oxygenation in the R3230Ac tumor, but normobaric 100% O2 and carbogen did not. The current study assessed tumor growth after exposure to radiation plus either hyperbaric oxygen, carbogen or carbogen/nicotinamide and the rel...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have been investigating radiation-induced neoplastic transformants of C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts for evidence of heritable changes. C3H 10T1/2 cells were treated with 8 Gy X rays. After approximately 8 weeks of culture, type II/III foci were isolated from the monolayer using cloning rings. Cell lines developed fr...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some recent epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between cancer incidence and exposure to electromagnetic (EM) fields. Evidence from in vitro studies indicates that this effect could be due to synergistic interaction between EM fields and tumor promoters. However, no dose-response data related dir...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the double-strand break (DSB) model, the initial slope (alpha) of the survival curve is determined by the number of DSBs remaining unrepaired at a certain time after irradiation. There are three types of calculations which confirm the validity of this approach. First, the model quite reasonably predicts the low-LET...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied heat-induced apoptosis and loss of clonogenicity in Rat-1 fibroblasts, thermotolerant Rat-1 (TT Rat-1), Rat-1 transfected with the human hsp-70 gene (M21) and Rat-1 transfected with the human c-myc proto-oncogene (Rat-1:myc). Relative to Rat-1, TT Rat-1 and M21 cells are heat-resistant, but Rat-1:myc cells ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies were carried out to examine the capacity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) to modulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in cells of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the head and neck. Exposure of cells to DFMO (5 mM for 48 h) depleted intracellular putrescine and spermidine levels (greater than 5...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To characterize the differences in the radiosensitivity of individual populations of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), we examined the relationship among cell surface antigens, clonogenic potential and radiation survival. The expressions of CD34, CD38, CD45RA, CD110 and Tie-2, early differentiation pa...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1839.1
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
